scholarly journals Utility of an immunocytochemical assay using aqueous humor in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Felten ◽  
Kaspar Matiasek ◽  
Stefanie Gruendl ◽  
Laura Sangl ◽  
Katrin Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Immunocytochemical Assay

scholarly journals Investigation into the utility of an immunocytochemical assay in body cavity effusions for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Felten ◽  
Kaspar Matiasek ◽  
Stefanie Gruendl ◽  
Laura Sangl ◽  
Gerhard Wess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Lower Specificity ◽  
Immunocytochemical Assay ◽  
Positive Immunostaining ◽  
Positive Results

Objectives Feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) exist as two biotypes, feline enteric coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis virus. Although feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a very common disease, the ante-mortem diagnosis of this disease still remains a challenge. Immunofluorescence staining of FCoV in macrophages in effusion has been considered as the reference standard for the diagnosis, but recently this method has been shown to have lower specificity than previously reported. In addition, this method is not widely available and requires the use of fluorescence microscopes. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate the diagnostic potential of an immunocytochemical (ICC) assay using body cavity effusion. Methods Effusion samples from 27 cats with immunohistochemically confirmed FIP and 29 cats with suspected FIP but a definitive diagnosis of another disease were examined. ICC specimens were evaluated with respect to positive immunostaining. In addition, effusion samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and evaluated cytologically. Results A diagnostic sensitivity of 85.2% was recorded for effusion specimens (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.3–95.8), while the diagnostic specificity was only 72.4% (95% CI 52.8–87.3). Conclusions and relevance Once the clinical disease of FIP develops in a cat, it always leads to death, and most of the cats are euthanased within a few days or weeks. As false-positive results might lead to euthanasia of cats suffering from potentially treatable diseases, the diagnostic specificity of a diagnostic tool is the most important factor in a fatal disease like FIP. Thus, the diagnostic utility of this test proved to be insufficient and positive ICC results should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, full-body necropsy could not be performed in 13/29 control cats. It is possible that these cats actually suffered from early-stage FIP and that this fact might have influenced the diagnostic specificity of the ICC. Based on the results of the present study, however, ICC of effusion samples currently cannot be recommended to confirm a suspicion of FIP.

scholarly journals Detection of feline coronavirus RNA, spike gene mutations, and feline coronavirus antigen in macrophages in aqueous humor of cats in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-534
Author(s):  
Laura Sangl ◽  
Sandra Felten ◽  
Kaspar Matiasek ◽  
Stefanie Dörfelt ◽  
Michele Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Spike Gene ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Uveitis is common in cats, and is often a feature of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). We evaluated 3 tools for detection of feline coronavirus (FCoV) in aqueous humor: 1) a 7b gene reverse-transcription real-time PCR ( 7b-RT-rtPCR) assay to detect FCoV RNA, 2) a spike gene mutation RT-rtPCR ( S-RT-rtPCR) assay to detect 2 point mutations in the spike gene of FCoV in cats positive by 7b-RT-rtPCR, and 3) immunocytochemistry (ICC) for detection of FCoV antigen in aqueous humor macrophages. We studied 58 cats, including 31 cats with FIP and 27 control cats. FIP was excluded by postmortem examination and negative immunohistochemistry (IHC). Aqueous humor samples obtained postmortem were assessed using 7b-RT-rtPCR in all cats, and positive samples were evaluated with S-RT-rtPCR. ICC evaluation of aqueous humor samples from 36 of the 58 cats was done using an avidin–biotin complex method and monoclonal anti-FCoV IgG 2A. Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values were calculated including 95% CIs. 7b-RT-rtPCR had a specificity of 100.0% (95% CI: 87.2–100.0) and sensitivity of 35.5% (95% CI: 19.2–54.6). Specificity of S-RT-rtPCR could not be determined because there were no FCoV 7b-RT-rtPCR–positive samples in the control group. Sensitivity of S-RT-rtPCR was 12.9% (95% CI 3.6–29.8). Sensitivity and specificity of ICC were 62.5% (95% CI: 40.6–81.2) and 80.0% (95% CI: 44.4–97.5), respectively. The combination of 7b-RT-rtPCR and IHC could be useful in diagnosing FIP; S-RT-rtPCR did not add value; and ICC of aqueous humor samples cannot be recommended for the diagnosis of FIP.

Effects of aqueous humor on filtering bleb in rabbits

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Sung Min Hyung ◽  
Dong Myung Kim ◽  
Chul Hong ◽  
Dong Ho Youn
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Filtering Bleb

Detection of specific proteins in the aqueous humor in primary open-angle glaucoma

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Seop Lee ◽  
Young Suk Yu ◽  
Dong Myung Kim ◽  
Dong Ho Youn ◽  
Jin Q Kim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Specific Proteins

scholarly journals Subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a Siberian cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692094147
Author(s):  
Christopher Hoey ◽  
George Nye ◽  
Angela Fadda ◽  
Janet Bradshaw ◽  
Emi N Barker
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Choroid Plexitis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Case summary A 7-month-old Siberian cat was presented for investigation of acute onset multifocal neurological deficits. Neurological examination documented dull mental status and an ambulatory left hemiparesis. Serum biochemistry documented marked hyperglobulinaemia. MRI of the brain identified marked leptomeningeal contrast enhancement extending along the brainstem caudally to involve the cranial cervical spinal cord. MRI of the cervical spine further identified a subarachnoid diverticulum that extended from the level of the obex to the C2–C3 vertebrae. Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative RT-PCR was positive for the presence of feline coronavirus. Histopathology revealed pyogranulomatous meningitis and choroid plexitis, uveitis and nephritis. Relevance and novel information This article describes the first reported case of a subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis.

Factors affecting ascorbate oxidation in aqueous humor

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Fong ◽  
Kenneth Etzel ◽  
Pei-Fei Lee ◽  
Tommy Yet-Min Lin ◽  
Kwok-Wai Lam
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Factors Affecting

Aqueous humor cytokines and cellular profiles in pediatric ocular granulomas caused by theTrematode Fluke Procerovum sp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rathinam SR ◽  
Lalan Kumar Arya ◽  
R. Siva Ganesa Karthikeyan ◽  
Sagnik Sen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor
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