Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a comparative review

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-e64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Yager
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Comparative Review

Head and Neck Manifestations of Erythema Multiforme in Children

1994 ◽  
Vol 111 (3P1) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Stewart ◽  
Newton O. Duncan ◽  
Daniel J. Franklin ◽  
Ellen M. Friedman ◽  
Marcelle Sulek
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Striking Increase ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis are related disorders of skin and mucous membranes, which are typically associated with antecedent medication use or infection. We review 108 cases of erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis from Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, from 1981 to 1991, and illustrate the characteristic skin and mucosal lesions. In addition, we describe in detail two unusual cases requiring intensive airway management. Head and neck manifestations were present in 4 of 79 patients (5%) with erythema multiforme and 26 of 28 patients (93%) with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. In Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mucosal involvement of the lip (93%), conjunctiva (82%), oral cavity (79%), and nose (36%) were most common. Antecedent medication use was identified in 59% of erythema multiforme patients and 68% of Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients. We note a striking increase in the number of cases in our series caused by cephalosporins. Fifty percent of Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients required supplemental hydration or alimentation because of the severity of the oral cavity involvement. The head and neck mucosal manifestations largely respond to local care, and the routine use of prophylactic antibiotics or systemic steroids is not recommended.

The Spectrum of Erythema Multiforme

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Daniel Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Johnson Syndrome

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute hypersensitivity reaction characterized by distinctive skin lesions and mucous membrane involvement that has a spectrum of severity. It occurs in two forms: the more common "minor" type and the more severe "major" type, also called Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Sometimes EM includes toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or Lyell disease. EM minor first was described completely by von Hebra in 1866; Stevens and Johnson described the major variant in 1922. EM occurs more often in males, and 20% to 50% of cases occur in the pediatric age group, although rarely in those younger than age 3 years.

scholarly journals Erythema Multiforme Versus Stevens–Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Subtle Difference in Presentation, Major Difference in Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (9-10) ◽  
pp. e1847-e1850
Author(s):  
Russell E Newkirk ◽  
Daren A Fomin ◽  
Mary M Braden
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Subtle Difference ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Review Management ◽  
The Military

Abstract Erythema multiforme and Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis are immune-mediated epidermal conditions with variable clinical presentations. Although their clinical presentations often overlap, they have distinct etiologies and potential outcomes, which necessitate specific management strategies. This case is presented to highlight the subtle differences and review management given that Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis can rapidly become life-threatening. The need for astute diagnostic work-up and accuracy is magnified in the military setting given operations in austere environments and availability of medical and medical evacuation resources. Herein, we present a less common case of bullous erythema-multiforme, the diagnostic approach, and clinical differential with special attention to the importance of the military physician.

Erythema Multiforme, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Cornea ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Sheng Chang ◽  
Fu-Chin Huang ◽  
Sung-Huei Tseng ◽  
Chao-Kai Hsu ◽  
Chung-Liang Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Johnson Syndrome
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