Evaluation of 5 methods for diagnosing failure of passive transfer in 160 Holstein calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Zakian ◽  
Mohammad Nouri ◽  
Aria Rasooli ◽  
Masoud Ghorbanpour ◽  
Peter D. Constable ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Holstein Calves

scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Immunoglobulin G and Preweaning Health in Holstein Calves Fed a Commercial Colostrum Replacer

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 3857-3866 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Swan ◽  
S. Godden ◽  
R. Bey ◽  
S. Wells ◽  
J. Fetrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Holstein Calves

scholarly journals Prevalence of failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins in Holstein calves in Northern Greece and association with management practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. PANOUSIS (Ν. ΠΑΝΟΥΣΗΣ) ◽  
M. KRITSEPI- KONSTANTINOU (Μ. ΚΡΙΤΣΕΠΗ-ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΥ) ◽  
E. KALAITZAKIS (Ε. ΚΑΛΑΪΤΖΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
N. GIADINIS (Ν. ΓΙΑΔΙΝΗΣ) ◽  
G. E. VALERGAKIS (Γ.Ε. ΒΑΛΕΡΓΑΚΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Holstein Calves

Objectives of the present study were to estimate prevalence of failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins in dairy calves in Northern Greece and to investigate factors potentially associated with it. Four hundred and thirty seven clinically healthy calves in 30 farms were included in the study. Age of calves was 18 h to 7 d. Animals were blood sampled and serum total protein concentrations were measured by a refractometer. Two thresholds of total protein concentration were used: 5.2 or 5.5 g dL 1. At calf level, an animal was considered to have failure of passive transfer of immunoblobulins when total protein concentrations were lower than the above thresholds. At herd level, a herd was considered to have failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins when >20% of sampled calves had total protein concentration was <5.2 or <5.5 g dL-1.Moreover, data on health management on the farm were collected in a purpose-built questionnaire. At 5.2 g dL-1, 20% of the calves and 40% of the herds were considered to have failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins; when the 5.5 g dL-1 threshold was used, respective prevalences were 26% and 53%. At herd level, mean blood serum total protein concentration tended to be positively affected by a short interval between birth and first colostrum meal, by maintenance of a stock of frozen colostrum and by establishment of a close-up group of dry cows. At calf level, the same factors had a statistically  significant positive effect on blood serum total protein concentration. Moreover, quantity of colostrum received by calves and colostrum condition were also positively related with blood serum total protein concentration. In conclusion, failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins is a common problem in Holstein calves in Northern Greece. Increased prevalence of the problem implies that increased efforts and management practices need to be applied to ensure the adequate transferof maternal immunoglobulins to newborn calves. Also, it becomes obvious from all the above findings that many farmersare not well informed for management practices that have to implement to ensure adequate amounts of immunoglobulins tonewborn calves. Hence, dissemination of knowledge concerning best management practices for achieving adequate passiveimmunity is considered to be of significant importance.

scholarly journals Use of the enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as an indirect measure of passive transfer of immunity in holstein calves and association with the occurrence of diarrhea after birth

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Negri Filho ◽  
Célio Eduardo Sargentin Pereira ◽  
Pedro Herique Newbery Chineze ◽  
Alexey Leon Gomel Bogado ◽  
Dalton Evert Bronkhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

scholarly journals Use of the enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as an indirect measure of passive transfer of immunity in holstein calves and association with the occurrence of diarrhea after birth

2016 ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Negri Filho ◽  
Célio Eduardo Sargentin Pereira ◽  
Pedro Herique Newbery Chineze ◽  
Alexey Leon Gomel Bogado ◽  
Dalton Evert Bronkhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

scholarly journals Effect of delaying colostrum feeding on passive transfer and intestinal bacterial colonization in neonatal male Holstein calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 3099-3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Fischer ◽  
Y. Song ◽  
Z. He ◽  
D.M. Haines ◽  
L.L. Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

Holding Power of Orthopaedic Screws in Metacarpal and Metatarsal Bones of Young Calves

1992 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Jean ◽  
J. K. Roush ◽  
R. M. DeBowes ◽  
E. M. Gaughan ◽  
J. Kirpensteijn
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Holding Power ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Holstein Calves

SummaryThe holding power and holding power per mm bone width of 4.5 mm and 5.5 mm cortical and 6.5 mm cancellous orthopaedic screws were obtained by tensile load-to-failure studies in excised metacarpal and metatarsal bones of young female Holstein calves. Holding power and holding power per mm bone width of 6.5 mm orthopaedic screws were significantly greater than those of 4.5 and 5.5 mm orthopaedic screws in the diaphysis and metaphysis. Significant differences were not detected between holding power and holding power per mm bone width of 4.5 and 5.5 mm orthopaedic screws. The holding power was not different between metacarpi and metatarsi. The limiting factor in all tests of holding power was the shear strength of the bone. We found that 6.5 mm orthopaedic screws have the greatest holding power in the metacarpal and metatarsal bones of young calves.This study compares the holding power of 4.5 mm and 5.5 mm cortical and 6.5 mm cancellous orthopaedic screws in excised metacarpal and metatarsal bones from young female Holstein calves. We found that 6.5 mm orthopaedic screws have the greatest holding power.

Формирование иммунного статуса у новорожденных телят молочных и комбинированных пород

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
L.N. BAKAEVA ◽  
A.S. KARAMAEVA ◽  
S.V. KARAMAEV
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Alveolar Tissue ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Epithelium Cells

Работа  посвящена изучению особенностей формирования иммунитета у новорожденных телят. Объектом исследований служили коровы бестужевской, черно-пестрой, голштинской, айрширской пород и их потомство, разводимые в природно-климатической зоне Среднего Поволжья и Южного Урала. Установлено, что за последний месяц перед отелом в сыворотке крови коров происходит снижение содержания иммуноглобулинов, у бестужевской породы на 19,3%, черно-пестрой — на 15,8%, голштинской — на 13,4%, айрширской — на 15,0%. Это обусловлено тем, что иммуноглобулины интенсивно перемещаются в клетки секреторного эпителия альвеолярной ткани вымени. В молозиве первого удоя содержится от 57,86 г/л (голштинская порода) до 106,78 г/л (бестужевская порода) иммуноглобулинов. В молозиве второго удоя содержание иммуноглобулинов снижается у бестужевской породы на 18,9%, черно-пестрой — на 25,1%, голштинской — на 29,3%, айрширской — на 21,7%, а при четвертом доении, соответственно, на 45,4; 51,6; 52,4; 49,2%. Через 6 ч после первого выпаивания молозивом, содержание иммуноглобулинов в сыворотке крови телят всех пород, за исключением голштинской, было выше 10 мг/мл, что считается физиологической нормой. Исследования показали, что в каждой породе есть телята, не воспринимающие иммуноглобулины из молозива матери, доля которых составляет, соответственно 20; 16; 30; 10%. Наиболее опасными для здоровья теленка являются первые 5 дней жизни. В этот период в бестужевской породе заболело 6% телят, черно-пестрой — 24, голштинской — 42, айрширской — 14%. Всего за первый месяц жизни заболеваемость телят в группах составила, соответственно, 16; 48; 76; 26%.The article presents the study of peculiarities of immune development in newborn calves. The objects of interest were Bestuzhev, Black-and-White, Holstein and Ayrshire cows and their progeny raised in the environmental and climatic zone of Middle Volga and Southern Ural. The study has shown that during the last month prior to calving there was a decrease of immunoglobulin content in the cows’ blood serum: in Bestuzhev cows by 19.3%, in Black-and-White cows by 15.8%, in Holstein cows by 13.4% and in Ayrshire cows by 15.0%. This is due to the fact that immunoglobulins massively migrate to secretory epithelium cells of the udder alveolar tissue. Immunoglobulin concentration in the first milking colostrum was from 57.86 g/l (Holstein cows) up to 106.78 g/l (Bestuzhev cows). In the second milking colostrum the content of immunoglobulins was decreased by 18.9% in Bestuzhev cows, by 25.1% in Black-and-White cows, by 29.3% in Holstein cows and by 21.7% in Ayrshire cows, in the forth milking colostrum the decrease was respectively by 45.4; 51.6; 52.4 and 49.2%. 6 hours after the first colostrum feeding immunoglobulin content in blood serum of calves of all breeds except for Holstein one exceeded 10 mg/ml, what was within the physiological norm. The study has shown that there were calves in every breed who did not accept immunoglobulins from the mother’s colostrum, their percentage was respectively 20; 16; 30 and 10%. The first five days of life were the most dangerous for the health of calves. During the period 6% Bestuzhev calves, 24% Black-and-White calves, 42 Holstein calves and 14% Ayrshire calves fell ill. During the fist month of life the morbidity rate of calves was respectively 16; 48; 76 and 26%.

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