Flow path system of ultraviolet C irradiation from xenon flash to reduce bacteria survival in platelet products containing a platelet additive solution

Transfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1059
Author(s):  
Hideki Abe ◽  
Kimika Endo ◽  
Masayuki Shiba ◽  
Yoshiyuki Niibe ◽  
Shigeki Miyata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Path ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Path System ◽  
Additive Solution ◽  
Xenon Flash

Boundary Layer Control for a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Using a Secondary-Flow Path System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandrina Untaroiu ◽  
Archie Raval ◽  
Houston G. Wood ◽  
Paul E. Allaire
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Control System ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Passive Flow Control ◽  
Passive Flow ◽  
Path System ◽  
Flow Control System

Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have typically lower efficiency compared to their horizontal counterparts (HAWTs), but are attractive for places where taller structures are prohibited, as well as for regions where available wind speeds are lower. For HAWTs, the blades are always perpendicular to the incoming wind, providing a continuous thrust throughout the rotation. Contrary to HAWTs, VAWTs have advancing blades and retreating blades, where blades backtrack against the wind, causing lower efficiency. Hence, any modifications that can be made to improve the efficiency of VAWTs can be beneficial to the wind industry. Passive flow control permits the airfoil geometry to be modified by means of grooves or slots without requiring heavy mechanisms or actuators. Hence, this form of boundary layer control seems advantageous for wind turbines, so that minimal amount of maintenance is required, while complexity of the turbine is not significantly increased. Such modification changes the boundary layer over an airfoil reducing flow separation and reversed flow. This study introduces a new form of passive flow control: Secondary-flow control system, which works on the principle of mass removal, eliminating flow separation at different apparent angles of attack in a VAWT. CFD analysis is used to investigate passive flow control for the airfoils NACA8H12 and LS0417 in a three-bladed VAWT configuration. A secondary flow path is initially designed and optimized in a single airfoil configuration, and then used to adjust the wind turbine blade design. The effects of secondary-flow control system in a VAWT design configuration are investigated by comparison with the non-modified airfoil design. The CFD results indicate that secondary-flow path system can be used to modify and control the boundary layer for a wind turbine. It is believed that secondary-flow control system incorporated in VAWT design has potential for improving turbine efficiency. Further research should be conducted to optimize the secondary-flow path system according to the shape of the airfoil in a 3D VAWT configuration, so that blades interference can be captured.

Optimal Control of Flywheel Hybrid Transmissions

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Sweet ◽  
D. A. Anhalt
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Storage Element ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Path System

Selection of variable transmission ratio in a vehicle with a flywheel energy storage element to maximize the kinetic energy transfer for specified vehicle accelerations is formulated as an optimal control problem. Models for single and parallel power-flow path configurations are presented as generic hybrid propulsion system types. For both systems variation of the ratio of the continuously variable transmission results in inherently nonlinear control, with velocity trajectories found by the solution of two-point boundary value problems. For the single power-flow path system a closed loop controller is synthesized which tracks acceleration command. For the parallel path system, which is representative of conventional power split transmissions, the open loop control yields useful information, indicating tradeoffs between system energy recovery efficiency and component design parameters. Maximum energy recovery during regenerative braking is achieved by minimizing power losses to vehicle drag and transmission elements. Planetary gear geometry is shown to have the strongest influence on efficiency, maximum transmission component loading, and CVT ratio range.

In vitro thrombus formation and in vivo hemostasis mediated by platelets irradiated with bactericidal ultraviolet C from xenon flash under flow conditions

Transfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Abe ◽  
Kimika Endo ◽  
Masayuki Nogawa ◽  
Masayuki Shiba ◽  
Shigeki Miyata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Xenon Flash

Direct clear juice: a summary of experiences gained in the production of clear juice in a sugarcane diffuser

2017 ◽  
pp. 527-533
Author(s):  
Paul Jensen ◽  
Steve Davis
Keyword(s):  
Flow Path ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Research Institute

The term ‘Direct Clear Juice’ (DCJ) refers to the production of clear juice (CJ) within a modified sugarcane diffuser, thus negating the need for further juice purification in a settling clarifier. The feasibility of producing CJ by filtering treated diffuser juice through a shredded cane bed was demonstrated on a laboratory scale at the Sugar Milling Research Institute NPC (SMRI) and reported at the 2013 ISSCT congress. Factory trials were subsequently conducted at Tongaat Hulett’s Maidstone factory where the promising laboratory results were replicated in a full-scale diffuser. The production of DCJ requires consideration of the juice flow path in the diffuser, the method of lime and flocculant addition, and the screening of the juice after the diffuser. This paper summarises the results and learnings from the DCJ trials between 2011 and 2015. The development of the DCJ technology has been a collaborative project between the SMRI and Tongaat Hulett Sugar.

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