scholarly journals Insufficient Iron in Floral Buds Impairs Pollen Development by Disrupting Tapetum Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu‐Hsiang Huang ◽  
Der‐Fen Suen
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Development ◽  
Floral Buds

Floral Development in Acacia pycnantha Benth. In Hook

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Buttrose ◽  
WJR Grant ◽  
M Sedgley
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Floral Buds

Floral buds of Acacia pycnantha were produced in every month of the year on new shoot growth. The buds produced between November and May developed through to flowering but those produced between June and October aborted at an early stage. Differences in the rate of floral development caused buds produced several months apart to flower in the same month in late winter. Developmental stages from newly produced flower heads to anthesis were studied by light microscopy. Pollen development preceded ovule development and the 16-celled polyads were formed 1 month prior to flowering and before development of the embryo sac.

Role of gibberellins in the development of floral organs of the gibberellin-deficient mutant, ga1-1, of Arabidopsis thaliana

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 944-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuharu Goto ◽  
Richard P Pharis
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Deficient Mutant ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Floral Buds

The gibberellin-deficient mutant, ga1-1 (NG5) of Arabidopsis thaliana, when induced by 16-h-long days, will form floral buds. However, the flower stalk is very short and floral organs within the flowers remain undeveloped; petal growth is arrested, with the petals being scaly and translucent, the stamens are abortive, the filaments do not elongate, and the pollen does not mature. Sepals and pistils are also underdeveloped. All of the above defects of this mutant can be completely eliminated if certain gibberellins (GAs) are applied to the young floral buds. That is, the applied GA acts to normalize not only plant height but also development of floral organs, thereby yielding good seed set from self-pollination. There were appreciable differences in the efficacy of different GA structures in normalizing the various floral organs. For seed production, the order of efficacy was 2,2-dimethyl GA4 > GA7 > GA3 = GA4 > GA1 > GA5 = GA9. When 2,2-dimethyl GA4 was used to determine an optimal GA dose, the following pattern emerged: filament elongation and pollen development, 1-10 ng; petal and pistil growth, 1 ng; sepal growth, 0.1 ng; papilla elongation, 0.01 ng. However, one application at these doses was insufficient to normalize the flowers, which were formed one after another, and a continuing supply of GA at the optimal dose was required for normal flower development and seed set. We conclude from this work that GAs play an essential role in the development of floral organs of Arabidopsis and that petals and stamens (filaments and pollen) in particular develop normally only when GAs are present at the optimal level.Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, floral organ development, gibberellin, gibberellin-deficient mutant, petal and pollen development, reproductive function.

Resolution of Channels in the Exine by Translocation of Colloidal Iron

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
John R. Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Fixed Material ◽  
Epilobium Angustifolium ◽  
Untreated Material ◽  
Microspore Mitosis

The morphology of the exine of many pollen grains, at the time of flowering, is such that one can suppose that transport of substances through the exine occurred during pollen development. Holes or channels, microscopic to submicroscopic, are described for a large number of grains. An inner part of the exine of Epilobium angustifolium L. and E. montanum L., which may be referred to as the endexine, has irregularly shaped channels early in pollen development although by microspore mitosis there is no indication of such channeling in chemically fixed material. The nucleus in microspores used in the experiment reported here was in prophase of microspore mitosis and the endexine, while lamellated in untreated grains, did not contain irregularly shaped channels. Untreated material from the same part of the inflorescence as iron treated stamens was examined following fixation with 0.1M glutaraldehyde in cacodylate-HCl buffer at pH 6.9 (315 milliosmoles) for 24 hrs, 4% formaldehyde in phosphate buffer at pH 7.2 (1,300 milliosmoles) for 12 hrs, 1% glutaraldehyde mixed with 0.1% osmium tetroxide for 20 min, osmium tetroxide in deionized water for 2 hrs and 1% glutaraldehyde mixed with 4% formaldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate-HCl buffer at pH 6.9 for two hrs.

Dynamic Changes in Activity and Distribution of Proteasome During Pollen Development of Pinus bungeana

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Jiang Liping ◽  
Dong Xiaoling ◽  
Li Xue ◽  
Gao Yuan ◽  
Sheng Xianyong
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Development ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Pinus Bungeana

scholarly journals OseIF3h Regulates Plant Growth and Pollen Development at Translational Level Presumably through Interaction with OsMTA2

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
Yuqing Huang ◽  
Peng Zheng ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jumin Tu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Translational Level

The initiation stage of protein biosynthesis is a sophisticated process tightly regulated by numerous initiation factors and their associated components. However, the mechanism underlying translation initiation has not been completely understood in rice. Here, we showed knock-out mutation of the rice eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit h (OseIF3h) resulted in plant growth retardation and seed-setting rate reduction as compared to the wild type. Further investigation demonstrated an interaction between OseIF3h and OsMTA2 (mRNA adenosine methylase 2), a rice homolog of METTL3 (methyltransferase-like 3) in mammals, which provided new insight into how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) is engaged in the translation initiation process in monocot species. Moreover, the RIP-seq (RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing) data suggested that OseIF3h was involved in multiple biological processes, including photosynthesis, cellular metabolic process, precursor metabolites, and energy generation. Therefore, we infer that OseIF3h interacts with OsMTA2 to target a particular subset of genes at translational level, regulating plant growth and pollen development.

A novel Arabidopsis gene RGAT1 is required for GA‐mediated tapetum and pollen development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Qian ◽  
Yuhua Yang ◽  
Wenbin Zhang ◽  
Yilong Hu ◽  
Yuge Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Development ◽  
Arabidopsis Gene

scholarly journals Changes in the Extent of the Condensation of Nuclear Chromatin and the Localization of RNA During Pollen Development in Nicotiana tabacum

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieko Saito ◽  
Makoto Fujie ◽  
Atsushi Sakai ◽  
Haruko Kuroiwa ◽  
Tsuneyoshi Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Nuclear Chromatin
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