scholarly journals BBX28/BBX29, HY5 and BBX30/31 form a feedback loop to fine‐tune photomorphogenic development

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-390
Author(s):  
Zhaoqing Song ◽  
Tingting Yan ◽  
Jiujie Liu ◽  
Yeting Bian ◽  
Yueqin Heng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Fine Tune

Novel players fine-tune plant trade-offs

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Gimenez-Ibanez ◽  
Marta Boter ◽  
Roberto Solano
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
26S Proteasome ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Jaz Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Feedback Loop ◽  
Fine Tune

Jasmonates (JAs) are essential signalling molecules that co-ordinate the plant response to biotic and abiotic challenges, as well as co-ordinating several developmental processes. Huge progress has been made over the last decade in understanding the components and mechanisms that govern JA perception and signalling. The bioactive form of the hormone, (+)-7-iso-jasmonyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile), is perceived by the COI1–JAZ co-receptor complex. JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins also act as direct repressors of transcriptional activators such as MYC2. In the emerging picture of JA-Ile perception and signalling, COI1 operates as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that upon binding of JA-Ile targets JAZ repressors for degradation by the 26S proteasome, thereby derepressing transcription factors such as MYC2, which in turn activate JA-Ile-dependent transcriptional reprogramming. It is noteworthy that MYCs and different spliced variants of the JAZ proteins are involved in a negative regulatory feedback loop, which suggests a model that rapidly turns the transcriptional JA-Ile responses on and off and thereby avoids a detrimental overactivation of the pathway. This chapter highlights the most recent advances in our understanding of JA-Ile signalling, focusing on the latest repertoire of new targets of JAZ proteins to control different sets of JA-Ile-mediated responses, novel mechanisms of negative regulation of JA-Ile signalling, and hormonal cross-talk at the molecular level that ultimately determines plant adaptability and survival.

scholarly journals Cell competition, the kinetics of thymopoiesis and thymus cellularity are regulated by double negative 2 to 3 early thymocytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila V. Ramos ◽  
Luna Ballesteros-Arias ◽  
Joana G. Silva ◽  
Rafael A. Paiva ◽  
Marta F. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Double Negative ◽  
Cell Competition ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Homeostatic Process ◽  
Interleukin 7 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Fine Tune

SUMMARYCell competition in the thymus is a homeostatic process that drives turnover. If the process is impaired, thymopoiesis can be autonomously maintained for several weeks, but this causes leukemia. We aimed to understand the impact of cell competition on thymopoiesis, identify the cells involved and determine how the process is regulated. Using thymus transplantation experiments we found that cell competition occurs within the double negative 2 (DN2) and 3 early (DN3e) thymocytes and inhibits thymus autonomy. Furthermore, the expansion of DN2b is regulated by a negative feedback loop imposed by double positive thymocytes and determines the kinetics of thymopoiesis. This feedback loop impacts on cell cycle duration of DN2b, in a response controlled by interleukin 7 availability. Altogether, we show that thymocytes do not merely follow a pre-determined path if provided with the correct signals. Instead, thymopoiesis dynamically integrates cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous aspects that fine-tune normal thymus function.

Inhibitory Feedback Loop Induces Anticipated Synchronization in Neuronal Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 636-639
Author(s):  
Fernanda S. Matias ◽  
Pedro V. Carelli ◽  
Claudio R. Mirasso ◽  
Mauro Copelli
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Inhibitory Feedback
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