scholarly journals Light regulation of light‐harvesting antenna size substantially enhances photosynthetic efficiency and biomass yield in green algae †

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 584-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Negi ◽  
Zoee Perrine ◽  
Natalia Friedland ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Ryutaro Tokutsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Light Regulation ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna

scholarly journals Fine-tuning the photosynthetic light harvesting apparatus for improved photosynthetic efficiency and biomass yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Friedland ◽  
S. Negi ◽  
T. Vinogradova-Shah ◽  
G. Wu ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Optical Cross Section ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna

Abstract Photosynthetic electron transport rates in higher plants and green algae are light-saturated at approximately one quarter of full sunlight intensity. This is due to the large optical cross section of plant light harvesting antenna complexes which capture photons at a rate nearly 10-fold faster than the rate-limiting step in electron transport. As a result, 75% of the light captured at full sunlight intensities is reradiated as heat or fluorescence. Previously, it has been demonstrated that reductions in the optical cross-section of the light-harvesting antenna can lead to substantial improvements in algal photosynthetic rates and biomass yield. By surveying a range of light harvesting antenna sizes achieved by reduction in chlorophyll b levels, we have determined that there is an optimal light-harvesting antenna size that results in the greatest whole plant photosynthetic performance. We also uncover a sharp transition point where further reductions or increases in antenna size reduce photosynthetic efficiency, tolerance to light stress, and impact thylakoid membrane architecture. Plants with optimized antenna sizes are shown to perform well not only in controlled greenhouse conditions, but also in the field achieving a 40% increase in biomass yield.

scholarly journals Loss of CpSRP54 function leads to a truncated light-harvesting antenna size in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2017 ◽  
Vol 1858 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooyeon Jeong ◽  
Kwangryul Baek ◽  
Henning Kirst ◽  
Anastasios Melis ◽  
EonSeon Jin
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna

scholarly journals Modelling the role of LHCII-LHCII, PSII-LHCII and PSI-LHCII interactions in state transitions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. J. Wood ◽  
M. P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Thylakoid Membrane ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna ◽  
Novel Algorithm

AbstractThe light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the plant chloroplast thylakoid membrane, a complex three-dimensional structure divided into the stacked grana and unstacked stromal lamellae domains. Plants regulate the macro-organization of photosynthetic complexes within the thylakoid membrane to adapt to changing environmental conditions and avoid oxidative stress. One such mechanism is the state transition which regulates photosynthetic light harvesting and electron transfer. State transitions are driven by changes in the phosphorylation of light harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII), which cause a decrease in grana diameter and stacking, a decreased energetic connectivity between photosystem II (PSII) reaction centres and an increase in the relative LHCII antenna size of photosystem I (PSI) compared to PSII. Phosphorylation is believed to drive these changes by weakening the intra-membrane lateral PSII-LHCII and LHCII-LHCII interactions and the inter-membrane stacking interactions between these complexes, while simultaneously increasing the affinity of LHCII for PSI. We investigated the relative roles and contributions of these three types of interaction to state transitions using a lattice-based model of the thylakoid membrane based on existing structural data, developing a novel algorithm to simulate protein complex dynamics. Monte Carlo simulations revealed that state transitions are unlikely to lead to a large-scale migration of LHCII from the grana to the stromal lamellae. Instead, the increased light harvesting capacity of PSI is largely due to the more efficient recruitment of LHCII already residing in the stromal lamellae into PSI-LHCII supercomplexes upon its phosphorylation. Likewise, the increased light harvesting capacity of PSII upon dephosphorylation was found to be driven by a more efficient recruitment of LHCII already residing in the grana into functional PSII-LHCII clusters, primarily driven by lateral interactions.Statement of significanceFor photosynthesis to operate at maximum efficiency the activity of the light-driven chlorophyll-protein complexes, photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) must be fine-tuned to environmental conditions. Plants achieve this balance through a regulatory mechanism known as the state transition, which modulates the relative light-harvesting antenna size and therefore excitation rate of each photosystem. State transitions are driven by changes in the extent of the phosphorylation of light harvesting complex II (LHCII), which modulate the interactions between PSI, PSII and LHCII. Here we developed a novel algorithm to simulate protein complex dynamics and then ran Monte Carlo simulations to understand how these interactions cooperate to affect the organization of the photosynthetic membrane and bring about state transitions.

Changes in in vivo fluorescence quenching in rye and barley as a function of reduced PSII light harvesting antenna size

1994 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Falk ◽  
Marianna Krol ◽  
Denis P. Maxwell ◽  
David A. Rezansoff ◽  
Gordon R. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
In Vivo Fluorescence ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna
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