scholarly journals Phosphorylation‐dependent control of an RNA granule‐localized protein that fine‐tunes defence gene expression at a post‐transcriptional level

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naheed Tabassum ◽  
Lennart Eschen‐Lippold ◽  
Benedikt Athmer ◽  
Manaswita Baruah ◽  
Martina Brode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Defence Gene Expression

CARP Plays a Key Role in Cellular Growth Under Hypertrophic Stimuli in Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara A Shrout
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Hypertrophic Growth ◽  
Rat Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Over Time

Cardiac hypertrophy is a growth process that occurs in response to stress stimuli or injury, and leads to the induction of several pathways to alter gene expression. Under hypertrophic stimuli, sarcomeric structure is disrupted, both as a consequence of gene expression and local changes in sarcomeric proteins. Cardiac-restricted ankyrin repeat protein (CARP) is one such protein that function both in cardiac sarcomeres and at the transcriptional level. We postulate that due to this dual nature, CARP plays a key role in maintaining the cardiac sarcomere. GATA4 is another protein detected in cardiomyocytes as important in hypertrophy, as it is activated by hypertrophic stimuli, and directly binds to DNA to alter gene expression. Results of GATA4 activation over time were inconclusive; however, the role of CARP in mediating hypertrophic growth in cardiomyocytes was clearly demonstrated. In this study, Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes were used as a model to detect changes over time in CARP and GATA4 under hypertrophic stimulation by phenylephrine and high serum media. Results were detected by analysis of immunoblotting. The specific role that CARP plays in mediating cellular growth under hypertrophic stimuli was studied through immunofluorescence, which demonstrated that cardiomyocyte growth with hypertrophic stimulation was significantly blunted when NRVMs were co-treated with CARP siRNA. These data suggest that CARP plays an important role in the hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes.

Regulation of gene expression during spermatogenesis at transcriptional level

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1300-1307
Author(s):  
Xiu-Jun ZHANG ◽  
Mei-Ling LIU ◽  
Meng-Chun JIA
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Level

UBE2L6 is Involved in Cisplatin Resistance by Regulating the Transcription of ABCB6

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1487-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Midori Murakami ◽  
Hiroto Izumi ◽  
Tomoko Kurita ◽  
Chiho Koi ◽  
Yasuo Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Cisplatin Resistance ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Resistant Cells

Background: Cisplatin is an important anticancer agent in cancer chemotherapy, but when resistant cells appear, treatment becomes difficult, and the prognosis is poor. Objective: In this study, we investigated the gene expression profile in cisplatin sensitive and resistant cells, and identified the genes involved in cisplatin resistance. Methods: Comparison of gene expression profiles revealed that UBE2L6 mRNA is highly expressed in resistant cells. To elucidate whether UBE2L6 is involved in the acquisition of cisplatin resistance, UBE2L6- overexpressing cells established from cisplatin-sensitive cells and UBE2L6-silenced cells developed from cisplatin- resistant cells were generated, and the sensitivity of cisplatin was examined. Results: The sensitivity of the UBE2L6-overexpressing cells did not change compared with the control cells, but the UBE2L6-silenced cells were sensitized to cisplatin. To elucidate the mechanism of UBE2L6 in cisplatin resistance, we compared the gene expression profiles of UBE2L6-silenced cells and control cells and found that the level of ABCB6 mRNA involved in cisplatin resistance was decreased. Moreover, ABCB6 promoter activity was partially suppressed in UBE2L6-silenced cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that cisplatin-resistant cells have upregulated UBE2L6 expression and contribute to cisplatin resistance by regulating ABCB6 expression at the transcriptional level. UBE2L6 might be a molecular target that overcomes cisplatin resistance.

scholarly journals Methylobacterium oryzae Influences Isoepoxydon Dehydrogenase Gene Expression and Patulin Production by Penicillium expansum

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Tiago Barros Afonso ◽  
Lúcia Chaves Simões ◽  
Nelson Lima
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Methylobacterium Oryzae

Biofilms can be considered the main source of microorganisms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). The ecology of a biofilm is dependent on a variety of factors, including the presence of microbial metabolites excreted by its inhabitants. This study reports the effect of the Gram-negative bacteria Methylobacterium oryzae on the idh gene expression levels and patulin production of Penicillium expansum mature biofilms. For this purpose, a RT-qPCR method to quantify idh mRNA levels was applied. In addition, the idh expression levels were compared with the patulin production. The results obtained revealed that the effect of the bacterium on pre-established P. expansum biofilms is dependent on the time of interaction. More mature P. expansum biofilms appear to be more resistant to the inhibitory effect that M. oryzae causes towards idh gene expression and patulin production. A positive trend was observed between the idh expression and patulin production values. The results indicate that M. oryzae affects patulin production by acting at the transcriptional level of the idh gene.

scholarly journals Computational design and experimental characterization of a photo-controlled mRNA-cap guanine-N7 methyltransferase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Reichert ◽  
Helena Schepers ◽  
Julian Simke ◽  
Horst Lechner ◽  
Wolfgang Dörner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Temporal Control ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

The spatial and temporal control of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level is essential in eukaryotic cells and developing multicellular organisms. In recent years optochemical and optogenetic tools have enabled...

scholarly journals Polycombs and microRNA-223 regulate human granulopoiesis by transcriptional control of target gene expression

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (17) ◽  
pp. 4034-4046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Zardo ◽  
Alberto Ciolfi ◽  
Laura Vian ◽  
Linda M. Starnes ◽  
Monia Billi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
Mrna Targets ◽  
Epigenetic Events ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Lineage Decision ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes

Abstract Epigenetic modifications regulate developmental genes involved in stem cell identity and lineage choice. NFI-A is a posttranscriptional microRNA-223 (miR-223) target directing human hematopoietic progenitor lineage decision: NFI-A induction or silencing boosts erythropoiesis or granulopoiesis, respectively. Here we show that NFI-A promoter silencing, which allows granulopoiesis, is guaranteed by epigenetic events, including the resolution of opposing chromatin “bivalent domains,” hypermethylation, recruitment of polycomb (PcG)–RNAi complexes, and miR-223 promoter targeting activity. During granulopoiesis, miR-223 localizes inside the nucleus and targets the NFI-A promoter region containing PcGs binding sites and miR-223 complementary DNA sequences, evolutionarily conserved in mammalians. Remarkably, both the integrity of the PcGs-RNAi complex and DNA sequences matching the seed region of miR-223 are required to induce NFI-A transcriptional silencing. Moreover, ectopic miR-223 expression in human myeloid progenitors causes heterochromatic repression of NFI-A gene and channels granulopoiesis, whereas its stable knockdown produces the opposite effects. Our findings indicate that, besides the regulation of translation of mRNA targets, endogenous miRs can affect gene expression at the transcriptional level, functioning in a critical interface between chromatin remodeling complexes and the genome to direct fate lineage determination of hematopoietic progenitors.

Transcriptional regulation of the human CAD gene during myeloid differentiation

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1961-1966
Author(s):  
G N Rao ◽  
E S Buford ◽  
J N Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Carbamoyl Phosphate ◽  
Aspartate Transcarbamylase ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Beta Actin ◽  
Cad Gene ◽  
Cad Protein

CAD codes for a trifunctional protein involved in the catalysis of the first three enzymatic activities in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, namely, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II (EC 6.3.5.5), aspartate transcarbamylase (EC 2.1.3.2), and dihydroorotase (EC 3.5.2.3). CAD regulation was studied in the human promyelocyte leukemic line HL-60 as it differentiated into monocytic or granulocytic lineages after induction by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or trans-retinoic acid and dibutyryl cyclic AMP, respectively. Within 12 h of induction of HL-60 cells with either inducer, total cellular levels of CAD RNA essentially disappeared. On the other hand, no apparent decreases in beta-actin RNA levels were seen even 48 h after HL-60 cells were induced, as compared with untreated cells. With nuclear runoff assays, it was clearly shown that the inactivation of CAD gene expression during the induction of HL-60 cells with either inducer was at the transcriptional level. The nuclear runoff experiments also demonstrated that the CAD gene expression was shut down in less than 4 h after induction, well before morphological changes were observed in these cells. At the enzymatic level, the activity of aspartate transcarbamylase, one of the three enzymes encoded by the CAD gene, decreased by about half within 24 h of induction, suggesting a CAD protein half-life of 24 h in differentiating HL-60 cells. Nevertheless, this means that significant levels of aspartate transcarbamylase activity remained even after the cells have stopped proliferating. From the RNA data, it is clear that CAD gene expression is rapidly turned off as promyelocytes begin to terminally differentiate into macrophages and granulocytes. We suspect that the inactivation of the CAD gene in induced HL-60 cells is a consequence of the differentiating cells leaving the cell cycle and becoming nonproliferating.

Septic shock and systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients' CD15+ granulocytes were subjected to global transcriptional profiling (SIRS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni Mack ◽  
Argo Easston
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
United States ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Transcriptional Alterations ◽  
Level I

In the United States, sepsis, the body's response to infection in a typically sterile circulation, is a leading causeof death (1). To assess the primary transcriptional alterations associated with each illness state, I utilized amicroarray data set from a cohort of thirtyone individuals with septic shock or systemic inflammatory responsesyndrome (2). At the transcriptional level, I discovered that the granulocytes of patients with SIRS weresimilar to those of patients with septic shock. SIRS showed a “intermediate” gene expression state betweenthat of control patients and that of septic shock patients for numerous genes expressed in the granulocyte. Thediscovery of the most differentially expressed genes in the granulocytic immune cells of patients with septicshock might aid the development of new therapies or diagnostics for an illness with a 14.7 percent to 29.9% inhospitaldeath rate despite decades of study (1).

scholarly journals Palmitate Inhibition of Insulin Gene Expression Is Mediated at the Transcriptional Level via Ceramide Synthesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 278 (32) ◽  
pp. 30015-30021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Kelpe ◽  
Patrick C. Moore ◽  
Susan D. Parazzoli ◽  
Barton Wicksteed ◽  
Christopher J. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Ceramide Synthesis ◽  
Insulin Gene Expression
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