scholarly journals Downregulation of p‐COUMAROYL ESTER3‐HYDROXYLASEin rice leads to altered cell wall structures and improves biomass saccharification

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 796-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Takeda ◽  
Yuki Tobimatsu ◽  
Steven D. Karlen ◽  
Taichi Koshiba ◽  
Shiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Biomass Saccharification ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Altered Cell

SEM and fluorescence imaging of callose deposition in root hair tips and suspension cultures of Streptanthus tortuosus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
K.S. Walters ◽  
R.D. Sjolund ◽  
K.C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Ultraviolet Illumination ◽  
Callose Formation

Callose, B-1,3-glucan, a component of cell walls, is associated with phloem sieve plates, plasmodesmata, and other cell wall structures that are formed in response to wounding or infection. Callose reacts with aniline blue to form a fluorescent complex that can be recognized in the light microscope with ultraviolet illumination. We have identified callose in cell wall protuberances that are formed spontaneously in suspension-cultured cells of S. tortuosus and in the tips of root hairs formed in sterile callus cultures of S. tortuosus. Callose deposits in root hairs are restricted to root hair tips which appear to be damaged or deformed, while normal root hair tips lack callose deposits. The callose deposits found in suspension culture cells are restricted to regions where unusual outgrowths or protuberances are formed on the cell surfaces, specifically regions that are the sites of new cell wall formation.Callose formation has been shown to be regulated by intracellular calcium levels.

CO2 enrichment leads to altered cell wall composition in plants of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen (Amaranthaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Louback ◽  
Diego Silva Batista ◽  
Tiago Augusto Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Talita Cristina Mamedes-Rodrigues ◽  
Tatiane Dulcineia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Pfaffia Glomerata ◽  
Altered Cell

scholarly journals AtSYP71 Is Important for Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis and Stress Adaptation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Kou ◽  
Hailong Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Zhao ◽  
Mingjing Wang ◽  
Guochen Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Plate ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Cell Wall Biosynthesis ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Confocal Images

Abstract Background: SYP71, the plant-specific Qc-SNARE protein, is reported to regulate vesicle trafficking. SYP71 is localized on the ER, endosome, plasma membrane and cell plate, suggesting its multiple functions. Lotus SYP71 is essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in nodules. AtSYP71, GmSYP71 and OsSYP71 are implicated in plant resistance to pathogenesis. To date, SYP71 regulatory role on plant development remain unclear.Results: AtSYP71-knockout mutant atsyp71-4 was lethal at early development stage. Early development of AtSYP71-knockdown mutant atsyp71-2 was delayed, and stress response was also affected. Confocal images revealed that protein secretion was blocked in atsyp71-2. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that metabolism, response to environmental stimuli pathways and apoplast components were influenced in atsyp71-2. Moreover, the contents of lignin, cellulose and flavonoids as well as cell wall structures were also altered.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that AtSYP71 is essential for plant development. AtSYP71 probably regulates plant development, metabolism and environmental adaptation by affecting cell wall homeostasis via mediating secretion of materials and regulators required for cell wall biosynthesis and dynamics.

Differential pulp cell wall structures lead to diverse fruit textures in apple (Malus domestica)

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yang ◽  
Peihua Cong ◽  
Jiali He ◽  
Haidong Bu ◽  
Sijun Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Pulp Cell ◽  
Wall Structures

Reduced photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana atpme17.2 and atpae11.1 mutants is associated to altered cell wall composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margalida Roig‐Oliver ◽  
Catherine Rayon ◽  
Romain Roulard ◽  
François Fournet ◽  
Josefina Bota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Altered Cell

scholarly journals Glycome and Proteome Components of Golgi Membranes Are Common between Two Angiosperms with Distinct Cell-Wall Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1094-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna O. Okekeogbu ◽  
Sivakumar Pattathil ◽  
Susana M. González Fernández-Niño ◽  
Uma K. Aryal ◽  
Bryan W. Penning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Distinct Cell

scholarly journals The Proline-Rich Family Protein EXTENSIN33 Is Required for Etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana Hypocotyl Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Zdanio ◽  
Agnieszka Karolina Boron ◽  
Daria Balcerowicz ◽  
Sébastjen Schoenaers ◽  
Marios Nektarios Markakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Hypocotyl Growth ◽  
Native Promoter ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Mutant Lines

Abstract Growth of etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls is biphasic. During the first phase, cells elongate slowly and synchronously. At 48 h after imbibition, cells at the hypocotyl base accelerate their growth. Subsequently, this rapid elongation propagates through the hypocotyl from base to top. It is largely unclear what regulates the switch from slow to fast elongation. Reverse genetics-based screening for hypocotyl phenotypes identified three independent mutant lines of At1g70990, a short extensin (EXT) family protein that we named EXT33, with shorter etiolated hypocotyls during the slow elongation phase. However, at 72 h after imbibition, these dark-grown mutant hypocotyls start to elongate faster than the wild type (WT). As a result, fully mature 8-day-old dark-grown hypocotyls were significantly longer than WTs. Mutant roots showed no growth phenotype. In line with these results, analysis of native promoter-driven transcriptional fusion lines revealed that, in dark-grown hypocotyls, expression occurred in the epidermis and cortex and that it was strongest in the growing part. Confocal and spinning disk microscopy on C-terminal protein-GFP fusion lines localized the EXT33-protein to the ER and cell wall. Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy identified subtle changes in cell wall composition between WT and the mutant, reflecting altered cell wall biomechanics measured by constant load extensometry. Our results indicate that the EXT33 short EXT family protein is required during the first phase of dark-grown hypocotyl elongation and that it regulates the moment and extent of the growth acceleration by modulating cell wall extensibility.

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