scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species generated in chloroplasts contribute to tobacco leaf infection by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco R. Rossi ◽  
Adriana R. Krapp ◽  
Fabiana Bisaro ◽  
Santiago J. Maiale ◽  
Fernando L. Pieckenstain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Leaf Infection

scholarly journals Priming with γ-Aminobutyric Acid against Botrytis cinerea Reshuffles Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species: Dissecting Signalling and Metabolism

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1174
Author(s):  
Henry Christopher Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Wim Van den Ende
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Ros Burst

The stress-inducible non-proteinogenic amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is known to alleviate several (a)biotic stresses in plants. GABA forms an important link between carbon and nitrogen metabolism and has been proposed as a signalling molecule in plants. Here, we set out to establish GABA as a priming compound against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana and how metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are influenced after GABA treatment and infection. We show that GABA already primes disease resistance at low concentrations (100 µM), comparable to the well-characterized priming agent β-Aminobutyric acid (BABA). Treatment with GABA reduced ROS burst in response to flg22 (bacterial peptide derived from flagellum) and oligogalacturonides (OGs). Plants treated with GABA showed reduced H2O2 accumulation after infection due to increased activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase. Contrary to 100 µM GABA treatments, 1 mM exogenous GABA induced endogenous GABA before and after infection. Strikingly, 1 mM GABA promoted total and active nitrate reductase activity whereas 100 µM inhibited active nitrate reductase. Sucrose accumulated after GABA treatment, whereas glucose and fructose only accumulated in treated plants after infection. We propose that extracellular GABA signalling and endogenous metabolism can be separated at low exogenous concentrations.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mati Ur Rahman ◽  
Qingqing Ma ◽  
Bilal Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Youlin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Limited Information

The necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea causes devastating pre- and post-harvest yield losses in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Although B. cinerea has been well-studied in different plant species, there is limited information related to the resistance and susceptibility mechanisms of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea infection. In the present study, leaves and berries of twenty four grape genotypes were evaluated against B. cinerea infection. According to the results, one genotype (Ju mei gui) was highly resistant (HR), one genotype (Kyoho) was resistant (R), eight genotypes were susceptible (S), and fourteen genotypes were highly susceptible (HS) against infection of B. cinerea in leaves. Whereas in the case of B. cinerea infection in grape berry, three genotypes were found to be highly resistant, three resistant, eleven genotypes susceptible, and seven were highly susceptible. To further explore the mechanism of disease resistance in grapevine, we evaluated “Ju mei gui” and “Summer black” in terms of B. cinerea progression, reactive oxygen species reactions, jasmonic acid contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and fruit. We surmise that the resistance of “Ju mei gui” is due to seized fungal growth, minor reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, elevated antioxidant enzyme activity, and more jasmonic acid (JA) contents. This study provides insights into the resistance and susceptibility mechanism of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea. This will help for the selection of appropriate germplasm to explore the molecular basis of disease resistance mechanisms in grapevine.

Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Cell Death in Catalase-Deficient Tobacco Leaf Discs Exposed to Paraquat

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Iannone ◽  
Eliana Paola Rosales ◽  
María Daniela Groppa ◽  
María Patricia Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Formation ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Species Formation

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Trichoderma asperellum on Tomato Plants against Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea Diseases Involves Inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica I. Herrera-Téllez ◽  
Ana K. Cruz-Olmedo ◽  
Javier Plasencia ◽  
Marina Gavilanes-Ruíz ◽  
Oscar Arce-Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Tomato Plants

Trichoderma species are fungi widely employed as plant-growth-promoting agents and for biological control. Several commercial and laboratory-made solid formulations for mass production of Trichoderma have been reported. In this study, we evaluated a solid kaolin-based formulation to promote the absortion/retention of Trichoderma asperellum in the substrate for growing tomato plants. The unique implementation of this solid formulation resulted in an increased growth of the tomato plants, both in roots and shoots after 40 days of its application. Plants were challenged with two fungal pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea, and pretreatment with T. asperellum resulted in less severe wilting and stunting symptoms than non-treated plants. Treatment with T. asperellum formulation inhibited Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production in response to the pathogens in comparison to plants that were only challenged with both pathogens. These results suggest that decrease in ROS levels contribute to the protective effects exerted by T. asperellum in tomato.

scholarly journals Screening Vitis Genotypes for Responses to Botrytis cinerea and Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes, Reactive Oxygen Species and Jasmonic Acid in Resistant and Susceptible Hosts

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mati Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Ran Wan ◽  
Xiaoqing Hou ◽  
Bilal Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen ◽  
Vitis Davidii ◽  
High Level

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen with devastating effects on many Vitis genotypes. Here, a screening of 81 Vitis genotypes for leaf resistance to B. cinerea revealed two highly resistant (HR), twelve resistant (R), twenty-five susceptible (S) and forty-two highly susceptible (HS) genotypes. We focused on the HR genotype, ‘Zi Qiu’ (Vitis davidii), and the HS genotype ‘Riesling’ (V. vinifera), to elucidate mechanisms of host resistance and susceptibility against B. cinerea, using detached leaf assays. These involved a comparison of fungal growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, jasmonic acid (JA) levels, and changes in the anti-oxidative system between the two genotypes after inoculation with B. cinerea. Our results indicated that the high-level resistance of ‘Zi Qiu’ can be attributed to insignificant fungal development, low ROS production, timely elevation of anti-oxidative functions, and high JA levels. Moreover, severe fungal infection of ‘Riesling’ and sustained ROS production coincided with relatively unchanged anti-oxidative activity, as well as low JA levels. This study provides insights into B. cinerea infection in grape, which can be valuable for breeders by providing information for selecting suitable germplasm with enhanced disease resistance.

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