scholarly journals microRNAs contribute to enhanced salt adaptation of the autopolyploid Hordeum bulbosum compared with its diploid ancestor

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Liu ◽  
Genlou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Salt Adaptation ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Diploid Ancestor

Inheritance of Seed Set in Crosses of Spring Barley and Hordeum bulbosum L

Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Devaux ◽  
T. Adamski ◽  
M. Surma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum

scholarly journals Importance of the Secondary Genepool in Barley Genetics and Breeding. I. Cytogenetics and Molecular Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pickering ◽  
A. Johnston P ◽  
B. Ruge
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cultivated Barley

There have been no plant breeding developments using species from the tertiary genepool of cultivated barley for breeding or genetics since the VIII<sup>th</sup> International Barley Genetics Symposium in 2000. Hence, the first part of this review describes progress since 2000 in developing and characterising recombinant lines derived from hybridisations between the sole species in the secondary genepool, Hordeum bulbosum L., and cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare L. The topics discussed in part I are cytogenetics and molecular analysis of recombinant lines. &nbsp;

The transfer of a gene conferring resistance to scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) from Hordeum bulbosum into H. vulgare chromosome 4HS

2006 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 576-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pickering ◽  
B. Ruge-Wehling ◽  
P. A. Johnston ◽  
G. Schweizer ◽  
P. Ackermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum

scholarly journals The surface epithelium of teleostean fish gills. Cellular and junctional adaptations of the chloride cell in relation to salt adaptation.

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Sardet ◽  
M Pisam ◽  
J Maetz
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Salt Adaptation ◽  
Resistance Pathway ◽  
Shallow Junctions ◽  
Respiratory Cells

Various species of teleostean fishes were adapted to fresh or salt water and their gill surface epithelium was examined using several techniques of electron microscopy. In both fresh and salt water the branchial epithelium is mostly covered by flat respiratory cells. They are characterized by unusual outer membrane fracture faces containing intramembranous particles and pits in various stages of ordered aggregation. Freeze fracture studies showed that the tight junctions between respiratory cells are made of several interconnecting strands, probably representing high resistance junctions. The organization of intramembranous elements and the morphological characteristics of the junctions do not vary in relation to the external salinity. Towards the base of the secondary gill lamellae, the layer of respiratory cells is interrupted by mitochondria-rich cells ("chloride cells"), also linked to respiratory cells by multistranded junctions. There is a fundamental reorganization of the chloride cells associated with salt water adaptation. In salt water young adjacent chloride cells send interdigitations into preexisting chloride cells. The apex of the seawater chloride cell is therefore part of a mosaic of sister cells linked to surrounding respiratory cells by multistranded junctions. The chloride cells are linked to each other by shallow junctions made of only one strand and permeable to lanthanum. It is therefore suggested that salt water adaptation triggers a cellular reorganization of the epithelium in such a way that leaky junctions (a low resistance pathway) appear at the apex of the chloride cells. Chloride cells are characterized by an extensive tubular reticulum which is an extension of the basolateral plasma membrane. It is made of repeating units and is the site of numerous ion pumps. The presence of shallow junctions in sea water-adapted fish makes it possible for the reticulum to contact the external milieu. In contrast in the freshwater-adapted fish the chloride cell's tubular reticulum is separated by deep apical junctions from the external environment. Based on these observations we discuss how solutes could transfer across the epithelium.

The Effect of Homoeologous Meiotic Pairing in Tetraploid Hordeum bulbosum L. × H. vulgare L. Hybrids on Alien Introgressions in Offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Scholz ◽  
Galina Pendinen
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Introgression Breeding ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pairing Behaviour

The pairing behaviour of the individual chromosome arms of Hordeum vulgare (Hv) with their homoeologous arms of H. bulbosum (Hb) at metaphase I of meiosis in tetraploid Hb × Hv hybrids and the frequencies of recombined Hv chromosome arms in selfed offspring were studied on differentially visualized chromosomes after fluorescent in situ hybridisation. The frequencies of paired Hv-Hb arms in the F2 and F3 hybrids were correlated with the frequencies of recombined Hv chromosomes in progenies. Self-generation of hybrids, the number of Hv and Hb chromosomes, and the number of recombined Hv chromosomes of the hybrids strongly influenced the Hv-Hb pairing frequency in meiosis. Within the offspring of F2 and F3 hybrids both Hv plants and hybrids were detected. In contrast, all progenies of the F4 hybrid were hybrids which exhibited centromere misdivisions. The highest frequencies of homoeologous pairing in hybrids and most recombinants were obtained for the barley chromosome 1HL. Recombinants for 4HL, 5HS, 6HS, and 7HS were rarely found. Meiotic pairing and recombinants involving chromosome 1HS were never observed. The results of this study demonstrate that fertile tetraploid interspecific hybrids with a high intergenomic pairing at meiosis are valuable basic material for introgression breeding in barley.

Salt Adaptation of Ectothiorhodospira

1991 ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes F. Imhoff ◽  
Toni Ditandy ◽  
Bernhard Thiemann
Keyword(s):  
Salt Adaptation
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