scholarly journals Using ex‐ante economic evaluation to inform research priorities in pesticide self‐poisoning prevention: the case of a shop‐based gatekeeper training programme in rural Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1205-1213
Author(s):  
Sabine Margarete Damerow ◽  
Manjula Weerasinghe ◽  
Lizell Bustamante Madsen ◽  
Kristian Schultz Hansen ◽  
Melissa Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Gatekeeper Training ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Poisoning Prevention

Toward an Economically Optimal Team Design in IT-Related Innovation Projects

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150001
Author(s):  
Michael Bitzer ◽  
Olga Bürger ◽  
Björn Häckel ◽  
Christian Voit
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Team Size ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Team Design

Driven by the increased relevance of digitalised and hypercompetitive business environments, companies need to focus on IT-related innovation projects (ITIPs) to guarantee long-term success. Although prior research has illustrated that an appropriate team design can increase project performance, an approach for determining the economically optimal team design from an ex ante perspective is missing. Against this backdrop, we follow analytical modelling research and develop a model that determines the optimal team design for an ITIP by transferring central findings of previous research regarding relevant influencing factors, e.g., team size and academic background diversity, into an ex ante economic evaluation. Thereby, our model allows the comparison of different team designs (i.e., team compositions) with regard to the prospective monetary project performance. Generally, the results show that only about a fifth of the random team designs resulted in a positive profit. In contrast, the well-founded, optimal team designs proposed by our model led to a positive profit in almost 90% of all cases. Regarding the influencing parameters, we observe that team size is the most important factor since a deviation from the optimum has a much more significant effect on the expected profit than do other factors such as work experience. To ensure the real-world fidelity and applicability of our model, we discuss the underlying assumptions with two practitioners. Our contribution is manifold: Inter alia, from an academic perspective, we enhance existing research on team design by converting well-accepted qualitative findings from a frequently investigated field outside business administration (i.e., [social] psychology) into a quantitative model that allows for the ex ante economic evaluation of team design parameters. For practitioners, we provide a model that assists managers in designing ITIP teams that are more likely to deliver desired results. This model enables managers to avoid relying only on gut feeling when designing ITIP teams, as is currently often the case due to a lack of alternative approaches.

scholarly journals The process and costs of publishing medical journals in Sri Lanka: an economic evaluation

BMJ Open ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e000057-e000057 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ranasinghe ◽  
Y. S. Perera ◽  
A. M. Abeygunasekara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Medical Journals

scholarly journals Methods for the economic evaluation of changes to the organisation and delivery of health services: principal challenges and recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Meacock
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Delivery Of Health Services ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

AbstractThere is a requirement for economic evaluation of health technologies seeking public funding across Europe. Changes to the organisation and delivery of health services, including changes to health policy, are not covered by such appraisals. These changes also have consequences for National Health Service (NHS) funds, yet undergo no mandatory cost-effectiveness assessment. The focus on health technologies may have occurred because larger-scale service changes pose more complex challenges to evaluators. This paper discusses the principal challenges faced when performing economic evaluations of changes to the organisation and delivery of health services and provides recommendations for overcoming them. The five principal challenges identified are as follows: undertakingex-anteevaluation; evaluating impacts in terms of quality-adjusted life years; assessing costs and opportunity costs; accounting for spillover effects; and generalisability. Of these challenges, methods for estimating the impact on costs and quality-adjusted life years are those most in need of development. Methods are available forex-anteevaluation, assessing opportunity costs and examining generalisability. However, these are rarely applied in practice. The general principles of assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions should be applied to all NHS spending, not just that involving health technologies. Advancements in this area have the potential to improve the allocation of scarce NHS resources.

Prospective economic evaluation of lead poisoning prevention programs

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Broudy ◽  
J. Michael Swint ◽  
David R. Lairson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Lead Poisoning Prevention ◽  
Poisoning Prevention

scholarly journals Self-Perceived Skills of Pre Intern Doctors in Sri Lanka

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B Padeniya ◽  
H.M.B.H Denuwara ◽  
M.D Herath ◽  
A Gunawardena ◽  
P Mahipala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Medical Faculties

Abstract IntroductionThe transition from medical student to intern is a significant and challenging time in a doctor’s training. It can be stressful for the young doctor and there can be varying expectations from employers and supervisors on their capabilities. There is a time gap between graduation and internship for medical graduates in Sri Lanka. Also, there was no proper orientation prior the internship. Thus, the Good Intern Programme was developed as a skills training programme for pre interns who are awaiting internship, and this was conducted in collaboration with Ministry of Health (MOH), Government Medical Officers’ Association (GMOA), Society for Health Research and Innovation (SHRI). This study aimed to explore self-perceived competency of selected skills of pre-interns who were awaiting for internship. Methods Study populationSri Lankan medical Faculties (University of Colombo, Peradeniya, Sri Jayewardenapura, Jaffna, Kelaniya, Ruhuna, Eastern University- Batticaloa, Rajarata University and General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University -KDU), and foreign universities produce approximately 1000 medical graduates per year. In 2020, all pre- interns who joined the Good Intern Programme, Sri Lanka were invited to participate in this questionnaire survey. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0 software. Descriptive data were presented as proportions.Results Mean age was 27.6 (+ SD 1.4). Majority of the pre-interns were females (66.5%). Majority of pre-interns perceived that they were able to performs suturing, cannulation, catheterization, setting up an Intravenous (IV) drip, infusion pump setup, blood and blood products transfusion, venipuncture, venipuncture for blood culture, injections-Subcutaneous (SC)/Intramuscular (IM), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) monitoring, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), arterial puncture for Arterial Blood Gases (ABG), wound dressing, suture removal, bandaging, glucometer use, nebulization, connecting to an ECG (electrocardiogram) monitor competently with or without supervision respectively. Lack of competency perceived on the following skills. Nasogastric tube (NG) insertion, pleural tap, peritoneal tap, removal of an Intercostal tube, lumbar puncture, defibrillation, venous cut down, intubation, CVP (central venous catheter) line insertion, Intercostal (IC) tube insertion were rated by the majority of pre-interns as skills that could be performed competently with supervision or not able to perform the skill but has observed skill. ConclusionAlthough most of the skills were rated by majority of the pre-interns as skills that could be competently performed with or without supervision respectively, there were some skills which needed some improvement. This study suggests that Good Intern Programme in pre-intern period can help to prepare students for the intern role.

scholarly journals An ex-ante economic evaluation of the Maternal and Child Health Voucher Scheme as a decision-making tool in Myanmar

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritaporn Kingkaew ◽  
Pitsaphun Werayingyong ◽  
San San Aye ◽  
Nilar Tin ◽  
Alaka Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Voucher Scheme ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Decision Making Tool
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