scholarly journals Contact evaluation and isoniazid preventive therapy among close and household contacts of tuberculosis patients in Lima, Peru: an analysis of routine data

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-356
Author(s):  
Larissa Otero ◽  
Tullia Battaglioli ◽  
Julia Ríos ◽  
Zayda De la Torre ◽  
Nayda Trocones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routine Data ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Household Contacts

scholarly journals Management of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Southern Lima, Peru: An Analysis of Health Center Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zegarra-Chapoñan ◽  
Lily Victoria Bonadonna ◽  
Courtney M. Yuen ◽  
Martha Brigida Martina-Chávez ◽  
Jhon Zeladita
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Critical Activity

Abstract Background: Prevention of TB through the use of preventive treatment is a critical activity in the elimination of TB. Health personnel are a key element in achieving proper management of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for TB contacts. This study aims to determine the association between health center characteristics and indicators of TB contact care management with isoniazid preventive therapy in southern Lima. Methods: We conducted an ecological study. Through the review of medical records, we identified children and adolescent contacts of tuberculosis patients, who initiated IPT between 2016 and 2018. We assessed bivariate associations between clinic staffing and IPT initiation and completion using binomial logistic regression with robust standard errors.Results: We included 977 contacts, among whom 69% took more than a week to start IPT and 41% did not complete IPT. For those who did successfully complete IPT, 58% were not medically evaluated with three follow-up appointments. While completion of IPT and 3 clinical appointments was better among health centers with more physicians and nurses, these differences were not statistically significant. Contact sex was associated with initiating IPT (p=0.005), and contact age was associated with completion of IPT (p=0.025) and completion of clinical evaluations (p=0.041). Conclusion: There are significant gaps in IPT management in health centers of southern Lima, Peru, but insufficient staffing of health centers may not be responsible. Further research is needed to identify how IPT management can be improved, including through improving training and staffing.

Barriers to screening and isoniazid preventive therapy for child contacts of tuberculosis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Belgaumkar ◽  
A. Chandanwale ◽  
C. Valvi ◽  
G. Pardeshi ◽  
R. Lokhande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Barriers To Screening

scholarly journals What Proportion of New Tuberculosis Patients Has a History of Household Tuberculosis Exposure? A Cross-Sectional Study from Udupi District, South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Chidananda Sanju SV ◽  
Nikhil Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy ◽  
Divya Nair ◽  
Vrinda Hari Ankolekar ◽  
Ajay MV Kumar
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cases

While tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy among household contacts is effective at an individual level, its population-level impact on reducing TB incidence has been unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess, among the new tuberculosis patients started on treatment between 1 October, 2018 and 30 June, 2019 in the public health facilities of Udupi district (South India): i) the proportion with a ‘history of household TB exposure’ and ii) sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with it. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving record review and patient interviews. Of 565 TB patients, 273(48%) were interviewed. Of them, 71(26%, 95% CI: 21%–32%) patients had a ‘history of household TB exposure (ever)’ with about half exposed in the past five years of diagnosis. Considering a new TB case as a proxy for incident TB, and ‘history of household TB exposure’ a proxy for household transmission, and assuming 100% effectiveness of preventive therapy, we may infer that a maximum of 26% of the incident cases can be prevented by giving preventive therapy to all household contacts of TB patients. In multivariable analysis, females and tobacco users had a significantly higher prevalence of household TB exposure. If there are resource constraints, these subgroups may be prioritized.

Adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among children living with Tuberculosis patients in Delhi, India: an exploratory prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A.N.D.I.N.I. SHARMA ◽  
B.A.S.U. SAURAV ◽  
A.S.H.W.A.N.I. KHANNA ◽  
P.R.A.G.Y.A. SHARMA ◽  
K.A.M.A.L. K CHOPRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

scholarly journals Isoniazid preventive therapy in child household contacts of adults with active TB in Bamako, Mali

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
M. Tolofoudie ◽  
A. Somboro ◽  
B. Diarra ◽  
Y. S. Sarro ◽  
H. B. Drame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Good Adherence ◽  
Legal Guardian ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Positive Index

BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVE: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is known to reduce the risk of developing active TB in about 59% in children aged 15 years. We assessed adherence, completion and adverse events among children who were household contacts of a newly diagnosed adult with smear-positive TB in Bamako, Mali.METHODS: Children aged <15 years living in the same house with an adult smear-positive index case were enrolled in the study in the Bamako Region after consent was obtained from the parent or legal guardian. Adherence was assessed based on the number of tablets consumed during 6 months.RESULTS: A total of 260 children aged <15 years were identified as household contacts of 207 adult patients with smear-positive TB during the study period. Among all child contacts, 130/260 (50.0%) were aged 0–4 years and were eligible for IPT; 128/130 (98.5%) were started on IPT and 83/128 (64.8%) completed with good adherence at the end of the 6 months, and without any significant adverse events.CONCLUSION: We successfully implemented IPT with good acceptance, but low completion rate. The Mali National TB Program and partners should expand this strategy to reach more children in Bamako and the whole country and create greater awareness in the population.

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