scholarly journals Uptake and performance of prevention of mother-to-child transmission and early infant diagnosis in pregnant HIV-infected women and their exposed infants at seven health centres in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshet Girma ◽  
Rahel Wendaferash ◽  
Hailu Shibru ◽  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
Michael Hoelscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV: findings from an early infant diagnosis program in south-south region of Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka Anoje ◽  
Bolatito Aiyenigba ◽  
Chiho Suzuki ◽  
Titilope Badru ◽  
Kesiena Akpoigbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Impact of a Maternal Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) Intervention on HIV-exposed Infants in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-329
Author(s):  
Anays Murillo ◽  
Mary Bachman DeSilva ◽  
Lora L. Sabin ◽  
Nafisa Halim ◽  
Harriet Chemusto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Uganda has successfully reduced pediatric HIV infections through prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs, yet little is known about adherence to infant-specific components of interventions. We hypothesized that infants born to mothers receiving the WiseMama (WM) electronic drug monitoring (EDM)-based adherence intervention would have increased uptake of six-week post-natal nevirapine (NVP) infant prophylaxis and better adherence to six-week early infant diagnosis (EID) HIV testing. Methods: At two sites in Uganda, the Wise Infant Study (WIN) prospectively followed an infant cohort. Infants were born to women enrolled in an RCT testing the effect of real-time reminders delivered via EDM on maternal adherence to antiretroviral therapy. We assessed intrapartum and discharge receipt of NVP prophylaxis using pharmacy and infant HIV DNA testing laboratory data. Results: Of 121 women eligible for WIN, 97 (80%) consented and enrolled; 46 had been randomized to control and 51 to intervention. There were no differences in receipt of a six-week NVP supply (control 87%, intervention 82%, p = 0.53). Receipt of any NVP prophylaxis did not vary by delivery location (p = 0.35), and although 12% of infants were delivered at non-study health facilities, they were not less likely to receive NVP at discharge (p = 0.37). Among infants with a completed HIV test, there was no difference in mean time to first test (control 52 days (SD 18), intervention 51 days (SD 15), p = 0.86). Only one infant, in the control group, tested positive for HIV. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: We found no significant differences in adherence to infant PMTCT practices between intervention and control infants with relatively high rates of NVP receipt albeit with suboptimal adherence to six-week EID testing. Further work is needed to ensure improved access, uptake, and follow-up of HIV-exposed infants in the Option B+ era. Key words: • Prevention of maternal to child transmission of HIV • HIV • Nevirapine • Antiretroviral therapy prophylaxis • Early infant diagnosis • HIV-exposed infants   Copyright © 2020 Murillo et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

Improved access to early infant diagnosis is a critical part of a child-centric prevention of mother-to-child transmission agenda

AIDS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S197-S205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Ghadrshenas ◽  
Yanis B. Amor ◽  
Joy Chang ◽  
Helen Dale ◽  
Gayle Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Mother To Child

HIV-1 Early Infant Diagnosis is an Effective Indicator of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Program Performance: Experience from Cameroon

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Saounde Temgoua ◽  
Celine Nkenfou ◽  
Anne Zoung-Kanyi Bissek ◽  
Joseph Fokam ◽  
Serge Billong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Program Performance ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Progress toward elimination of perinatal HIV transmission in Kenya: Analysis of early infant diagnosis data

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 632-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunstan Achwoka ◽  
Justin Mandala ◽  
Mutugi Muriithi ◽  
Yanwu Zeng ◽  
Mario Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Mother To Child

Interrupting vertical transmission of HIV from mothers to infants provides opportunity to transform the HIV/AIDS epidemic by eliminating new infections among children. We estimate mother-to-child transmission rates of infants born to known HIV-positive mothers offered prevention of mother-to-child transmission interventions and provide an indication of Kenya’s progress toward elimination of perinatal transmission. We obtained from the Kenya National Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) database, all 131,451 DNA polymerase chain reaction test results of HIV-exposed infants aged 0–18 months who had dried blood spot samples taken between January 2008 and October 2013. The majority of samples were from infants aged 0–6 months (81.0%). Infants aged 6–12 months comprised 15.5%, while those aged 12–18 months were 3.5%. Overall, 11,439 (8.7%) were HIV-positive. Positivity rates were higher among older age groups: 6.8, 14.6, and 27.5% in age groups 0–6 months, 6–12 months, and 12–18 months old, respectively. In Kenya, scale-up and decentralization to primary health centers of EID services has been remarkable. Both increasing HIV-positivity trends in age groups 12–18 months and differences between provinces require further interrogation. Although significant, declining HIV-positivity trends in age groups 0–6 months and 6–12 months old observed between 2008 and 2013 is insufficient to achieve the elimination agenda.

scholarly journals Assessment of PMTCT Success Rates Based on Antiretroviral Interventions and Feeding Options: A Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-234
Author(s):  
Kolawole A. Fasakin ◽  
Christopher T. Omisakin ◽  
Idowu O. Adebara ◽  
Wasiu A. Ajetunmobi ◽  
Adebayo A. Adeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pmtct Service ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: The success of any prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program is assessed by the proportion of HIV-exposed infants that sero-convert at the end of all risk exposures. Although adopting the best feeding option for HIV-exposed infants is one of the factors that impact PMTCT outcomes, there is limited data on the assessment of PMTCT success rates based on antiretroviral interventions and feeding options. This study assesses the success rate of PMTCT service based on antiretroviral interventions and feeding options. Methods: Eighty-five HIV-infected mothers previously in care were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Folders and structured questionnaires were used to extract data on mother-infant pair and the first CD4, count of infected mothers on enrolment at PMTCT clinic. Dry blood spot samples were obtained from exposed infants for early infant diagnosis. Results were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The mean age of enrolled mothers was 31.3 ± 4.4 years, and an average CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of 368.6 ± 216.2 cells/µl. Seven (8.2%) of the HIV-exposed infants were positive for HIV-1 based on early infant diagnosis results. Overall PMTCT success rate (PMTCTSR) was 91.8%. HIV-1 prevalence of 5.0%, 0% and 21.1% was found among infants of patients who opted for breastfeeding, replacement feeding, and mixed feeding respectively thus yielding PMTCT success rates of 95%, 100% and 78.9%. Pediatric antiretroviral interventions success rates in HIV-exposed infants was 95.8%, 80.0% and 66.7% based on age groups ≤ 6 months, > 6 ≤ 12 months, and > 12 ≤ 18 months respectively. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Quality PMTCT service is vital for successful prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Implementation of more dynamic approaches such as adherence to option B+ guidelines in PMTCT service in our settings can further reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV and improve outcomes. Key words: Assessment, Antiretroviral Interventions, PMTCT, Success Rates, Feeding Options, Cohort  Copyright © 2018 Fasakin et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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