scholarly journals Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 884-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Clasen ◽  
Annette Pruss‐Ustun ◽  
Colin D. Mathers ◽  
Oliver Cumming ◽  
Sandy Cairncross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Unsafe Water ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Burden of non-communicable diseases in Cyprus, 1990–2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Periklis Charalampous ◽  
Elena Pallari ◽  
Stefanos Tyrovolas ◽  
Nicos Middleton ◽  
Mary Economou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for over 90% of all deaths in the Cypriot population, in 2018. However, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the impact of NCDs on population health of Cyprus over the period of 1990 to 2017, expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), is currently not available. Knowledge about the drivers of changes in NCD DALYs over time is paramount to identify priorities for the prevention of NCDs in Cyprus and guide evidence-based decision making. The objectives of this paper were to: 1) assess the burden of NCDs in terms of years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and DALYs in Cyprus in 2017, and 2) identify changes in the burden of NCDs in Cyprus over the 28-year period and assess the main drivers of these changes. Methods We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 results on NCDs for Cyprus from 1990 to 2017. We calculated the percentage change of age-standardized DALY rates between 1990 and 2017 and decomposed these time trends to assess the causes of death and disability that were the main drivers of change. Results In Cyprus in 2017, 83% (15,129 DALYs per 100,000; 12,809 to 17,707 95%UI) of total DALYs were due to NCDs. The major contributors to NCD DALYs were cardiovascular diseases (16.5%), neoplasms (16.3%), and musculoskeletal disorders (15.6%). Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardized NCD DALY rates decreased by 23%. For both males and females, the largest decreases in DALY rates were observed in ischemic heart disease and stroke. For Cypriot males, the largest increases in DALY rates were observed for pancreatic cancer, drug use disorders, and acne vulgaris, whereas for Cypriot females these were for acne vulgaris, psoriasis and eating disorders. Conclusion Despite a decrease in the burden of NCDs over the period from 1990 to 2017, NCDs are still a major public health challenge. Implementation of interventions and early detection screening programmes of modifiable NCD risk factors are needed to reduce occurrence and exacerbation of leading causes of NCDs in the Cypriot population.

Sustainable Development Goals and Global burden of disease stakeholders

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Van Den Hazel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Global Burden of Disease is the most comprehensive effort to date to measure epidemiological levels and trends worldwide. It is the product of a global research collaborative and quantifies the impact of hundreds of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in countries around the world. The publication published in The Lancet on September 12, 2017, namely the study, “Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016,” is the starting point to discuss the health-related SDG indicators as develop by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and Global Burden of Disease collaborators. The projected increases in mortality are steep for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic diseases. Non-communicable diseases are increasingly recognized as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The question is whether the targets in the SDGs are sufficiently addressing these increases. Or are demographic changes underlying the projected increases? Health related SDGs have been addressed in a tool made by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). Results on air pollution, smoking, unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene are presented by current and projected data in an interactive tool.

Increasing the Impact of Environmental Epidemiology in the Global Burden of Disease Project

Epidemiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kate Causey ◽  
Katrin Burkart ◽  
Gwen Collman ◽  
Howard Hu ◽  
Michael Brauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Environmental Epidemiology ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to high BMI in Brazil, 1990–2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Santos Felisbino-Mendes ◽  
Ewerton Cousin ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Ísis Eloah Machado ◽  
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Background The prevalence and burden of disease resulting from obesity have increased worldwide. In Brazil, more than half of the population is now overweight. However, the impact of this growing risk factor on disease burden remains inexact. Using the 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) results, this study sought to estimate mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost to non-communicable diseases caused by high body mass index (BMI) in both sexes and across age categories. This study also aimed to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity throughout the states of Brazil. Methods Age-standardized prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated between 1990 and 2017. A comparative risk assessment was applied to estimate DALYs and deaths for non-communicable diseases and for all causes linked to high BMI. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased during the period of analysis. Overall, age-standardized prevalence of obesity in Brazil was higher in females (29.8%) than in males (24.6%) in 2017; however, since 1990, males have presented greater rise in obesity (244.1%) than females (165.7%). Increases in prevalence burden were greatest in states from the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Overall, burden due to high BMI also increased from 1990 to 2017. In 2017, high BMI was responsible for 12.3% (8.8–16.1%) of all deaths and 8.4% (6.3–10.7%) of total DALYs lost to non-communicable diseases, up from 7.2% (4.1–10.8%), and 4.6% (2.4-6.0%) in 1990, respectively. Change due to risk exposure is the leading contributor to the growth of BMI burden in Brazil. In 2017, high BMI was responsible for 165,954 deaths and 5,095,125 DALYs. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes have proven to be the most prevalent causes of deaths, along with DALYs caused by high BMI, regardless of sex or state. Conclusions This study demonstrates increasing age-standardized prevalence of obesity in all Brazilian states. High BMI plays an important role in disease burdens in terms of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and all causes of mortality. Assessing levels and trends in exposures to high BMI and the resulting disease burden highlights the current priority for primary prevention and public health action initiatives focused on obesity.

The Impact of Obesity on Outcomes in Geriatric Blunt Trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Barry ◽  
Milad Modarresi ◽  
Rafael Duran ◽  
David Denning ◽  
Stephen Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
The Impact

Blunt trauma is poorly tolerated in the elderly, and the degree to which obesity, a known risk factor for suboptimal outcomes in trauma affects this population remains to be determined. The incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of blunt trauma by demographics, year, and geography were found using datasets from both the Global Burden of Disease database, and a Regional Level II trauma registry. Global Burden of Disease data were extracted from 284 country-year and 976 subnational-year combinations from 27 countries for the period 1990 to 2015. The regional trauma registry was interrogated for patients ≥70 years admitted with blunt trauma between 2014 and 2016. The incidence of elderly blunt trauma from falls increased at a global, national (United States), and state (WV) level from 1990 to 2015 by 78.3 per cent, 54.7 per cent, and 42.7 per cent, respectively with concomitant increases in mortality rates of 5.7 per cent, 102.6 per cent, and 89.3 per cent (P < 0.05). The regional cohort had a statistically similar mortality (obese, n = 320 vs nonobese, n = 926 of 4.8% vs 4.4%, respectively, P > 0.05). The hospital length-of-stay, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and systolic blood pressure on presentation were similar (P > 0.05) as was the Injury Severity Score. Major medical comorbidities were identified in 280 (87.5%) and 783 (84.6%) patients in the obese and nonobese groups, respectively. Blunt trauma, secondary to falls, has increased in elderly patients at a global, national, and state level with a concomitant increase in mortality rates. Although a similar increase in the incidence of blunt trauma in the elderly was noted at a regional center, its mortality has not been increased by obesity, possibly because of similar comorbidity rates.

scholarly journals Impact of Air Pollution on Global Burden of Disease in 2019

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Meghnath Dhimal ◽  
Francesco Chirico ◽  
Bihungum Bista ◽  
Sitasma Sharma ◽  
Binaya Chalise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

Air pollution consisting of ambient air pollution and household air pollution (HAP) threatens health globally. Air pollution aggravates the health of vulnerable people such as infants, children, women, and the elderly as well as people with chronic diseases such as cardiorespiratory illnesses, little social support, and poor access to medical services. This study is aimed to estimate the impact of air pollution on global burden of disease (GBD). We extracted data about mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to air pollution from 1990 to 2019. The extracted data were then organized and edited into a usable format using STATA version 15. Furthermore, we also estimated the impacts for three categories based on their socio-demographic index (SDI) as calculated by GBD study. The impacts of air pollution on overall burden of disease by SDI, gender, type of pollution, and type of disease is estimated and their trends over the period of 1990 to 2019 are presented. The attributable burden of ambient air pollution is increasing over the years while attributable burden of HAP is declining over the years, globally. The findings of this study will be useful for evidence-based planning for prevention and control of air pollution and reduction of burden of disease from air pollution at global, regional, and national levels.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam ◽  
Aisha S. Dickerson ◽  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani ◽  
Fereshteh Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
National Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Socioeconomic factors may be involved in risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), either indirectly or as confounding factors. In this study two comprehensive indicators reflecting socioeconomic differences, including the Human Development Index (HDI) and Prosperity Index (PI), were used to assess the impact of these factors on the worldwide distribution of MS. Methods The data for this global ecological study were obtained from three comprehensive databases including the Global Burden of Disease (as the source of MS indices), United Nations Development Programme (source for HDI) and the Legatum Institute Database for PI. MS indices (including prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years) were all analyzed in the form of age- and sex-standardized. Correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between HDI and PI and their subsets with MS indices. Results All MS indices were correlated with HDI and PI. It was also found that developed countries had significantly higher prevalence and incidence rates of MS than developing countries. Education and governance from the PI, and gross national income and expected years of schooling from the HDI were more associated with MS. Education was significantly related to MS indices (p < 0.01) in both developed and developing countries. Conclusion In general, the difference in income and the socioeconomic development globally have created a landscape for MS that should be studied in more detail in future studies.

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