HIV primary drug resistance and associated HIV risk factors among HIV positive blood donors in Brazil from 2007 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Valente Moreira ◽  
Tassila Salomon ◽  
Cecília S. Alencar ◽  
Thelma T. Gonçalez ◽  
Ester C. Sabino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Primary Drug ◽  
Hiv Risk Factors

Identifying risk factors for HIV-positive test results in walk-in and hospitalized patients in a Mexico City HIV clinic: a descriptive study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-576
Author(s):  
Ester Gutiérrez-Velilla ◽  
Francisco J Quezada-Juárez ◽  
Ivonne N Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Maria C Iglesias ◽  
Gustavo Reyes-Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Risk Factors

The objective of this study was to analyze risk factors for HIV-positive tests in walk-in users and in hospitalized patients in a Mexico City hospital. We undertook a cross-sectional study based on routine HIV testing and counseling service data in adults undergoing an HIV test from January 2015 to July 2017. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine risk factors for walk-in and hospitalized patients. The results showed that 2040 people tested during the period; hospitalized patients were more likely to test HIV-positive than walk-in users (18 versus 15%; p < 0.05). HIV risk factors for hospitalized patients included being men who have sex with men (MSM) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.2, 95% CI 2.0–26.5), divorced (aOR 4.4, 95% CI 1.3–14.4), having 3–5 lifetime sexual partners (aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.0–7.4), and being in the emergency room (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.1–11.3), intensive care (aOR 27.2, 95% CI 3.4–217.2), or clinical pneumology wards (aOR 33.4, 95% CI 9.7–115.2). In the walk-in group, HIV risk factors included being male (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–5.9), being MSM (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 2.0–9.5), having sex while using drugs (aOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0), being referred by a physician for testing (aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6–6.3), and perceiving oneself at risk (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 2.3–6.3). Differential risk factors found among hospitalized patients and walk-in testers can be helpful in designing better HIV testing strategies to increase early diagnosis and linkage to care.

Primary drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily Bondarenko ◽  
Irina Buynevich ◽  
Andrey Holyavkin ◽  
Svetlana Goponyako ◽  
Nkolaj Burinsky
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Primary Drug

Burden of the primary drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Panova ◽  
Vadim Testov ◽  
Grigory Kaminskiy ◽  
Anastasia Samoilova ◽  
Elena Veselova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Primary Drug

HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: Health View

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sathiya Susuman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hiv Risk Factors

The aim of the research is to examine the HIV risk factors affecting poor health in Ethiopia by epidemiological perspectives. The Demographic and Health Survey 2011 and other secondary data were used. Ethiopian population growth has slowed dramatically or stopped due to HIV and AIDS. A logistic regression and correlation between HIV positive towards AIDS, high risk factors leading to exposure to HIV infection was adopted with selected variables. The study confirmed that the high level of HIV positivity and poor health was highly affected by socio-economic and demographic factors.

scholarly journals The effect of primary drug resistance on CD4+ cell decline and the viral load set-point in HIV-positive individuals before the start of antiretroviral therapy

AIDS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Anna Schultze ◽  
Carlo Torti ◽  
Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri ◽  
Anne-Mieke Vandamme ◽  
Maurizio Zazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Cell Decline ◽  
Viral Load Set Point ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Primary Drug

scholarly journals HIV Genotypes and Primary Drug Resistance Among HIV-Seropositive Blood Donors in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília S. Alencar ◽  
Ester C. Sabino ◽  
Silvia M. F. Carvalho ◽  
Silvana C. Leao ◽  
Anna B. Carneiro-Proietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Primary Drug

MODELING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DRUG RESISTANCES UNDER CHINA'S "FOUR-FREE-ONE-CARE POLICY"

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (05) ◽  
pp. 1250032 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIE LOU ◽  
LINGCHEN BU ◽  
ESTHER HAN ◽  
YUHUA RUAN ◽  
HUI XING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Care Policy ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Primary Drug

We propose a mathematical model to evaluate the effect of China's "Four-Free-One-Care Policy" in MSM population in Beijing. We divided the drug resistant HIV patients into two sub-populations: primary drug resistance and secondary drug resistance. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) were used for these thresholds of our model. We find that drug-resistant HIV will spread fast in MSM population under China's current treatment policy. Especially, primary-resistant strain is very likely to dominate the HIV positive MSM individuals after 10 years. The conclusions hint that, China's outlook on HIV infections is not optimistic if sufficient kinds free second-line drugs in China cannot be put into use in the near future.

Gender Differences in HIV Risk-Factors in Main-Partner Relationships

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Uding ◽  
Kanisha Collie ◽  
Kevin Wells ◽  
Zoe Peterson ◽  
Akshay Iyengar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Main Partner ◽  
Partner Relationships ◽  
Hiv Risk Factors

Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance of HIV-1 CRF55_01B in Guangdong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-218
Author(s):  
Guolong Yu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xuhe Huang ◽  
Pingping Zhou ◽  
Jin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Protease Inhibition ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Primary Drug

Background: HIV-1 CRF55_01B was first reported in 2013. At present, no report is available regarding this new clade’s polymorphisms in its functionally critical regions protease and reverse transcriptase. Objective: To identify the diversity difference in protease and reverse transcriptase between CRF55_01B and its parental clades CRF01_AE and subtype B; and to investigate CRF55_01B’s drug resistance mutations associated with the protease inhibition and reverse transcriptase inhibition. Methods: HIV-1 RNA was extracted from plasma derived from a MSM population. The reverse transcription and nested PCR amplification were performed following our in-house PCR procedure. Genotyping and drug resistant-associated mutations and polymorphisms were identified based on polygenetic analyses and the usage of the HIV Drug Resistance Database, respectively. Results: A total of 9.24 % of the identified CRF55_01B sequences bear the primary drug resistance. CRF55_01B contains polymorphisms I13I/V, G16E and E35D that differ from those in CRF01_AE. Among the 11 polymorphisms in the RT region, seven were statistically different from CRF01_AE’s. Another three polymorphisms, R211K (98.3%), F214L (98.3%), and V245A/E (98.3 %.), were identified in the RT region and they all were statistically different with that of the subtype B. The V179E/D mutation, responsible for 100% potential low-level drug resistance, was found in all CRF55_01B sequences. Lastly, the phylogenetic analyses demonstrated 18 distinct clusters that account for 35% of the samples. Conclusions: CRF55_01B’s pol has different genetic diversity comparing to its counterpart in CRF55_01B’s parental clades. CRF55_01B has a high primary drug resistance presence and the V179E/D mutation may confer more vulnerability to drug resistance.

scholarly journals Primary drug resistance in antiretroviral-naïve injection drug users

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harout K. Tossonian ◽  
Jesse D. Raffa ◽  
Jason Grebely ◽  
Mark Viljoen ◽  
Annabel Mead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Primary Drug
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