scholarly journals The US COVID Atlas: A dynamic cyberinfrastructure surveillance system for interactive exploration of the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marynia Kolak ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Qinyun Lin ◽  
Ryan Wang ◽  
Moksha Menghaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Interactive Exploration ◽  
The Us

A Nationwide Study of Skiing and Snowboarding-Related Facial Trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 194338752199723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Sorenson ◽  
Vedant Borad ◽  
Warren Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Facial Fractures ◽  
Facial Fracture ◽  
Cold Winter ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Weighted Estimates ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
The Us

Study Design: Retrospective descriptive observational study. Purpose: Skiing and snowboarding offers valuable opportunities for outdoor physical activity throughout the cold winter months, but these activities can result in substantial personally injury. This study aimed to analyze trends in skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma epidemiology. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for facial trauma related to skiing and snowboarding treated in United States (US) emergency departments between 2010 and 2019. These data and weighted estimates were used to analyze patient demographics, injury location, and etiology. Results: A total of 361 skiing or snowboarding-related facial injuries were recorded. Lacerations were most common injury (165/361; 45.7%), and facial fractures occurred in 21.6% (78/261) of patients. The most common facial fracture locations are the nose (38/78; 48.7%), orbit (17/78; 21.8%), and mandible (15/78; 19.2%). Pediatric patients accounted for 52% (187/361) of these injuries and had higher rates of lacerations (51.9% vs 39.1%, P < 0.05) and hospital admission (4.8% vs 1.15%, P < 0.05) than adults. Adults had a higher rate of facial fracture (30% vs 13.9%, P < 0.001) than children. Conclusions: Skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma is relatively uncommon in the US. In general, these injuries are largely decreasing, but facial fractures still occur not infrequently during these activities. Based on our data, we strongly urge helmet manufacturers to increase the availability of recreational snowsport helmets that include nose, orbit, and mandible protections, which could help to prevent many of these injuries.

scholarly journals Produce-associated foodborne disease outbreaks, USA, 1998–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (11) ◽  
pp. 1397-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Bennett ◽  
S. V. Sodha ◽  
T. L. Ayers ◽  
M. F. Lynch ◽  
L. H. Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

AbstractThe US Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) gives food safety regulators increased authority to require implementation of safety measures to reduce the contamination of produce. To evaluate the future impact of FSMA on food safety, a better understanding is needed regarding outbreaks attributed to the consumption of raw produce. Data reported to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System during 1998–2013 were analysed. During 1998–2013, there were 972 raw produce outbreaks reported resulting in 34 674 outbreak-associated illnesses, 2315 hospitalisations, and 72 deaths. Overall, the total number of foodborne outbreaks reported decreased by 38% during the study period and the number of raw produce outbreaks decreased 19% during the same period; however, the percentage of outbreaks attributed to raw produce among outbreaks with a food reported increased from 8% during 1998–2001 to 16% during 2010–2013. Raw produce outbreaks were most commonly attributed to vegetable row crops (38% of outbreaks), fruits (35%) and seeded vegetables (11%). The most common aetiologic agents identified were norovirus (54% of outbreaks), Salmonella enterica (21%) and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (10%). Food-handling errors were reported in 39% of outbreaks. The proportion of all foodborne outbreaks attributable to raw produce has been increasing. Evaluation of safety measures to address the contamination on farms, during processing and food preparation, should take into account the trends occurring before FSMA implementation.

scholarly journals A Matter of Perspective: Comparison of the Characteristics of Persons with HIV Infection in the United States from the HIV Outpatient Study, Medical Monitoring Project, and National HIV Surveillance System

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Buchacz ◽  
Emma L. Frazier ◽  
H. Irene Hall ◽  
Rachel Hart ◽  
Ping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
The Us ◽  
Medical Monitoring Project ◽  
Outpatient Study

Comparative analyses of the characteristics of persons living with HIV infection (PLWH) in the United States (US) captured in surveillance and other observational databases are few. To explore potential joint data use to guide HIV treatment and prevention in the US, we examined three CDC-funded data sources in 2012: the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS), a multisite longitudinal cohort; the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP), a probability sample of PLWH receiving medical care; and the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS), a surveillance system of all PLWH. Overall, data from 1,697 HOPS, 4,901 MMP, and 865,102 NHSS PLWH were analyzed. Compared with the MMP population, HOPS participants were more likely to be older, non-Hispanic/Latino white, not using injection drugs, insured, diagnosed with HIV before 2009, prescribed antiretroviral therapy, and to have most recent CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count ≥500 cells/mm3 and most recent viral load test<2 00 copies/mL. The MMP population was demographically similar to all PLWH in NHSS, except it tended to be slightly older, HIV diagnosed more recently, and to have AIDS. Our comparative results provide an essential first step for combined epidemiologic data analyses to inform HIV care and prevention for PLWH in the US.

scholarly journals Sleep insufficiency and the natural environment: Results from the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana S. Grigsby-Toussaint ◽  
Kedir N. Turi ◽  
Mark Krupa ◽  
Natasha J. Williams ◽  
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
The Us

ECHELON and the NSA

2011 ◽  
pp. 453-468
Author(s):  
D. C. Webb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
National Security Agency ◽  
The Us ◽  
E Mail

Communication via electronic systems such as telephones, faxes, e-mail, computers, etc., has enormously increased the volume and ease with which people and institutions can exchange messages and information. However, the associated technologies have also enabled the introduction of new sophisticated concepts and methods in interception and analysis for intelligence gatherers. One such method has been dubbed ECHELON and is used by which the United States and its partners in a worldwide intelligence alliance to intercept and analyse messages transmitted electronically from anywhere on Earth. The National Security Agency (NSA), based at Fort Mead in Maryland, is the US organisation most intimately involved in the operation of this covert surveillance system. This is the story of the methods developed and the institutions that adopt them and the debates and arguments that have accompanied their use from domestic surveillance to international commercial and political espionage.

scholarly journals Sex and Gender in the US Health Surveillance System: A Call to Action

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerith J. Conron ◽  
Stewart J. Landers ◽  
Sari L. Reisner ◽  
Randall L. Sell
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
System A ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Gender
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