The emerging naturally reassortant strain of IBDV (genotype A2dB3) having segment A from Chinese novel variant strain and segment B from HLJ 0504‐like very virulent strain showed enhanced pathogenicity to three‐yellow chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Yuanzheng Qiao ◽  
Qiaomu Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Variant Strain ◽  
Reassortant Strain ◽  
Novel Variant

scholarly journals Genomic sequence of infectious bursal disease virus from Zambia suggests evidence for genome re-assortment in nature

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Kasanga ◽  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
H.M. Munang’andu ◽  
P.N. Wambura ◽  
K. Ohya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Nucleotide Homology ◽  
Reassortant Strain ◽  
Bursal Disease

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a bi-segmented RNA virus, which belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus of the family Birnaviridae. Two serotypes, 1 and 2, exist in IBDV. The serotype 1 IBDVs are the causative agents of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in chickens worldwide and lead to immunosuppression in young birds. Genome re-assortment has been speculated to occur and contribute to the emergence of new IBDV strains. However, evidence was lacking until recently when two re-assortant viruses were detected in China. In this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of an IBDV, designated KZC-104, from a confirmed natural IBD outbreak in Lusaka, Zambia in 2004. The genome consisted of 3074 and 2651 nucleotides in the coding regions of segments A and B, respectively. Alignment of both nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genome segment A of KZC-104 was derived from a very virulent strain, whereas its segment B was derived from a classical attenuated strain. On BLAST search, the full-length segments A and B sequences showed 98% closest nucleotide homology to the very virulent strain D6948 and 99.8% closest nucleotide homology to the classical attenuated strain D78, respectively. This is a unique IBDV reassortant strain, which has emerged in nature involving segment B of a live attenuated vaccine. This observation provides direct evidence for the involvement of vaccine strains in the emergence of reassortant IBDV in the field. Taken together, these findings suggest an additional risk of using live IBDV vaccines, which may act as genetic donors for genome re-assortment. Further studies are required to investigate the epidemiology and biological characteristics of reassortant strains so that the appropriate and safe IBDV vaccines can be recommended.

scholarly journals Evolution of DS-1-like human G2P[4] rotaviruses assessed by complete genome analyses

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni M. Giammanco ◽  
Floriana Bonura ◽  
Mark Zeller ◽  
Elisabeth Heylen ◽  
Marc Van Ranst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Genome ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Archival Collection ◽  
Antigenic Proteins ◽  
Genotype Constellation ◽  
Reassortant Strain ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Genome Analyses

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis in children, with G2P[4] RVA being one of the most common human strains worldwide. The complete genome sequences of nine G2P[4] RVA strains, selected from a 26-year archival collection (1985–2011) established in Palermo, Italy, were determined. A strain associated with a peak of G2P[4] RVA activity in 1996 resembled a reassortant strain identified in Kenya in 1982 and differed completely in genomic make up from more recent strains that circulated during 2004–2011. Conversely, the 2004–2011 G2P[4] RVAs were genetically more similar to contemporary RVA strains circulating globally. Recent G2P[4] strains possessed either single or multiple genome segments (VP1, VP3 and/or NSP4) likely derived from ruminant viruses through intra-genotype reassortment. Amino acid substitutions were selected and maintained over time in the VP7 and VP8* antigenic proteins, allowing the circulation of two contemporary G2P[4] variants to be distinguished. Altogether, these findings suggest that major changes in the genomic composition of recent G2P[4] RVAs occurred in the early 2000s, leading to the appearance of a novel variant of the DS-1-like genotype constellation. Whether the modifications observed in the neutralizing antigens and in the genome composition of modern G2P[4] RVAs may affect the long-term effectiveness of the vaccination programmes remains to be explored.

Protective effect of Trypanosoma rangeli against infections with a highly virulent strain of Trypanosoma cruzi

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Zuniga ◽  
Teresa Palau ◽  
Pilar Penin ◽  
Carlos Gamallo ◽  
Jose Antonio de Diego
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽  
Highly Virulent

Discovery of a Novel Variant of OCT4, OCT4B3

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Javad Mowla ◽  
Ensieh Poursani ◽  
Majid Mehravar ◽  
James E. Trosko
Keyword(s):  
Novel Variant

An audit and insights from clinical exome sequencing in psychiatry: genotype-phenotype correlation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Mahadevan ◽  
Reeteka Sud ◽  
Ravi Kumar Nadella ◽  
Vani P ◽  
Anand G Subramaniam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Pathogenic Variant ◽  
Clinical Exome Sequencing ◽  
Mapt Gene ◽  
Nf1 Gene ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Minor Physical Anomalies

BACKGROUND:Psychiatric syndromes have polymorphic symptomatology, and are known to be heritable. Psychiatric symptoms (and even syndromes) often occur as part of the clinical presentation in rare Mendelian syndromes. Clinical exome sequencing reports may help with refining diagnosis and influence treatment decisions, in addition to providing a window into the biology of brain and behaviour. We describe a clinical audit of 12 individuals who sought treatment at our hospital, and for whom targeted sequencing was ordered. Three cases are discussed in detail to demonstrate correlations between genotype and phenotype in the clinic.METHODS:Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) was done using Clinical Exome Panel (TruSight One, Illumina) covering coding exons and flanking intronic sequences of 4811 genes associated with known inherited diseases. Variants detected were classified according to the American College for Medical Genetics (ACMG) recommendation for standards of interpretation and reporting of sequence variations.RESULTS:Ten out of twelve cases had at least one pathogenic variant. In one of these cases, we detected a known pathogenic variant in MAPT gene in a suspected FTD case, which helped us to confirm the diagnosis. In another case, we detected a novel variant predicted to be deleterious in NF1 gene. Identification of this mutation suggested a change in treatment for the patient, that was of benefit. The same patient also harboured a novel variant in the TRIO gene. This gene may be involved in biological processes that underlie the patient’s psychiatric illness.CONCLUSIONS:The cases discussed here exemplify different scenarios under which targeted exome sequencing can find meaningful application in the clinic: confirming diagnosis (MAPT variant), or modifying treatment (NF1). We suggest that clinical exome sequencing can be a helpful addition to a clinician’s toolkit when there are expediting factors to consider— such as early-onset, strong family history of mental illness, complex/atypical presentations and minor physical anomalies or neurocutaneous markers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document