Evaluation of oral fluid as an aggregate sample for early detection of African swine fever virus using four independent pen‐based experimental studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalhari Goonewardene ◽  
Chungwon J. Chung ◽  
Melissa Goolia ◽  
Leslie Blakemore ◽  
Andrew Fabian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Aggregate Sample

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Suk Lee ◽  
Vuong Nghia Bui ◽  
Duy Tung Dao ◽  
Ngoc Anh Bui ◽  
Thanh Duy Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Specimen Collection

Abstract Background African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), was first reported in Vietnam in 2019 and spread rapidly thereafter. Better insights into ASFV characteristics and early detection by surveillance could help control its spread. However, the pathogenicity and methods for early detection of ASFV isolates from Vietnam have not been established. Therefore, we investigated the pathogenicity of ASFV and explored alternative sampling methods for early detection. Results Ten pigs were intramuscularly inoculated with an ASFV strain from Vietnam (titer, 103.5 HAD50/mL), and their temperature, clinical signs, and virus excretion patterns were recorded. In addition, herd and environmental samples were collected daily. The pigs died 5–8 days-post-inoculation (dpi), and the incubation period was 3.7 ± 0.5 dpi. ASFV genome was first detected in the blood (2.2 ± 0.8) and then in rectal (3.1 ± 0.7), nasal (3.2 ± 0.4), and oral (3.6 ± 0.7 dpi) swab samples. ASFV was detected in oral fluid samples collected using a chewed rope from 3 dpi. The liver showed the highest viral loads, and ear tissue also exhibited high viral loads among 11 tissues obtained from dead pigs. Overall, ASFV from Vietnam was classified as peracute to acute form. The rope-based oral fluid collection method could be useful for early ASFV detection and allows successful ASF surveillance in large pig farms. Furthermore, ear tissue samples might be a simple alternative specimen for diagnosing ASF infection in dead pigs. Conclusions Our data provide valuable insights into the characteristics of a typical ASFV strain isolated in Vietnam and suggest an alternative, non-invasive specimen collection strategy for early detection.

scholarly journals Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Antibodies in Serum and Oral Fluid Specimens Using a Recombinant Protein 30 (p30) Dual Matrix Indirect ELISA

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0161230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis G. Giménez-Lirola ◽  
Lina Mur ◽  
Belen Rivera ◽  
Mark Mogler ◽  
Yaxuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus

scholarly journals Distinct African Swine Fever Virus Shedding in Wild Boar Infected with Virulent and Attenuated Isolates

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kosowska ◽  
Estefanía Cadenas-Fernández ◽  
Sandra Barroso ◽  
Jose M. Sánchez-Vizcaíno ◽  
Jose A. Barasona
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Gene Deletion Mutant

Since the reappearance of African swine fever virus (ASFV), the disease has spread in an unprecedented animal pandemic in Eurasia. ASF currently constitutes the greatest global problem for the swine industry. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) in which the pathogen has established wild self-sustaining cycles, is a key reservoir for ASFV, signifying that there is an urgent need to develop an effective vaccine against this virus. Current scientific debate addresses whether live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), which have shown promising results in cross-protection of susceptible hosts, may be feasible for vaccinations carried out owing to safety concerns. The objective of this study was, therefore, to compare the ASFV shedding in wild boar infected with virulent and attenuated (LAV) isolates. Different shedding routes (oral fluid and feces) and viremia rates were characterized in wild boar inoculated with Lv17/WB/Rie1 isolate (n = 12) when compared to those inoculated with the virulent Armenia07 isolate (n = 17). In general, fewer animals infected with the Lv17/WB/Rie1 isolate tested positive for ASFV in blood, oral fluid, and feces in comparison to animals infected with the virulent Armenia07 isolate. The shedding patterns were characterized in order to understand the transmission dynamics. This knowledge will help evaluate the shedding of new LAV candidates in wild boar populations, including the comparison with gene deletion mutant LAVs, whose current results are promising.

Genetic markers of the African swine fever virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
A.K. Sibgatullova ◽  
◽  
M.E. Vlasov ◽  
I.A. Titov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus

Multigene families in African swine fever virus: family 110.

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 2064-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Almendral ◽  
F Almazán ◽  
R Blasco ◽  
E Viñuela
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Multigene Families ◽  
Virus Family

GS-441524 inhibits African swine fever virus infection in vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 105081
Author(s):  
Zhao Huang ◽  
Lang Gong ◽  
Zezhong Zheng ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Xiongnan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus

Adaptation of African swine fever virus to HEK293T cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Li Pan ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document