Antigenic distribution, pathological changes, antibody response and serological detection in non‐pregnant goats following experimental infection by Brucella melitensis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazlan Mazlina ◽  
Siti Khairani‐Bejo ◽  
Hamzah Hazilawati ◽  
Nurrul Nasrudin Shaqinah ◽  
Mohd Zamri‐Saad
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Serological Detection

scholarly journals Experimental infection of indigenous North African goats with goatpox virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihane Hamdi ◽  
Zahra Bamouh ◽  
Mohammed Jazouli ◽  
Meryem Alhyane ◽  
Najet Safini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
North African ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Goatpox Virus

Abstract Background Goatpox is a viral disease caused by infection with goatpox virus (GTPV) of the genus Capripoxvirus, Poxviridae family. Capripoxviruses cause serious disease to livestock and contribute to huge economic losses. Goatpox and sheeppox are endemic to Africa, particularly north of the Equator, the Middle East and many parts of Asia. GTPV and sheeppox virus are considered host-specific; however, both strains can cause clinical disease in either goats or sheep with more severe disease in the homologous species and mild or sub-clinical infection in the other. Goatpox has never been reported in Morocco, Algeria or Tunisia despite the huge population of goats living in proximity with sheep in those countries. To evaluate the susceptibility and pathogenicity of indigenous North African goats to GTPV infection, we experimentally inoculated eight locally bred goats with a virulent Vietnamese isolate of GTPV. Two uninfected goats were kept as controls. Clinical examination was carried out daily and blood was sampled for virology and for investigating the antibody response. After necropsy, tissues were collected and assessed for viral DNA using real-time PCR. Results Following the experimental infection, all inoculated goats displayed clinical signs characteristic of goatpox including varying degrees of hyperthermia, loss of appetite, inactivity and cutaneous lesions. The infection severely affected three of the infected animals while moderate to mild disease was noticed in the remaining goats. A high antibody response was developed. High viral DNA loads were detected in skin crusts and nodules, and subcutaneous tissue at the injection site with cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from 14.6 to 22.9, while lower viral loads were found in liver and lung (Ct = 35.7 and 35.1). The results confirmed subcutaneous tropism of the virus. Conclusion Clinical signs of goatpox were reproduced in indigenous North African goats and confirmed a high susceptibility of the North African goat breed to GTPV infection. A clinical scoring system is proposed that can be applied in GTPV vaccine efficacy studies.

Experimental Infection withToxocara catiin BALB/c Mice, Migratory Behaviour and Pathological Changes

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cardillo ◽  
A. Rosa ◽  
M. Ribicich ◽  
C. López ◽  
I. Sommerfelt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Pathological Changes

scholarly journals Clinical Responses and Reproductive Pathological Changes Associated with Brucella melitensis and it?s Lipopolysaccharides in Female Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah ◽  
Lawan Adamu ◽  
Nur Aisyah Binti Ismael ◽  
Abdinasir Yusuf Osman ◽  
Abdul Wahid Haron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Clinical Responses

scholarly journals Protection of Mice against Brucellosis by Intranasal Immunization with Brucella melitensis Lipopolysaccharide as a Noncovalent Complex with Neisseria meningitidis Group B Outer Membrane Protein

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 3324-3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apurba K. Bhattacharjee ◽  
Lillian Van De Verg ◽  
Mina J. Izadjoo ◽  
Liang Yuan ◽  
Ted L. Hadfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Noncovalent Complex ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Intranasal Immunization ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Intranasal immunization of mice with purified Brucella melitensis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a noncovalent complex with Neisseria meningitidis group B outer membrane protein (GBOMP) elicited a high-titer anti-LPS systemic antibody response and a significant mucosal antibody response. The anti-LPS immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody was predominantly of the IgG1 subtype, although there was some response of the IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 subtypes. The antibody titer remained high for 16 weeks postimmunization. Immunized mice and sham-immunized control mice were challenged intranasally with 104 CFU of virulent B. melitensis strain 16 M 4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine. The numbers of bacteria in lungs, livers, and spleens at 3 days, 9 days, and 8 weeks postchallenge were determined. Bacteria were found in lungs of all mice on day 3, but there was no disseminated infection of liver or spleen. By day 9, 40% of the mice had infected spleens and livers. At 8 weeks postchallenge, spleens of 25 of 62 immunized mice were infected, compared to 61 of 62 control mice (P < 0.0001). The livers of 12 of 43 immunized mice were infected, compared to 22 of 36 control mice (P = 0.005). In contrast, the lungs of 26 of 46 immunized mice were still infected, compared to 27 of 44 control mice. The numbers of bacterial CFU in lungs of immunized and control animals were identical. These studies show that intranasal immunization with B. melitensis LPS-GBOMP subunit vaccine significantly protects mice against intranasal challenge with virulent B. melitensis. Vaccination reduces bacterial dissemination to spleen and liver but has no effect on the course of lung infection.

Immunological Studies on Experimental Infection of Pigs with Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782. III.—The Antibody Response and Acquired Immunity

1964 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
Larval Migration ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Two Peaks

Two experiments are described in which antibodies against A. suum were detected in the circulation of infected pigs by means of the conglutinating complement absorption test. The pattern and nature of the antibody response was studied. In 21 out of 24 cases the sera antibody titres rose after test doses of infective eggs were given, and on 18 of these occasions a rise in titre was observed within seven days. Following infection two peaks of antibody were detected. At three to four weeks the antibody content of the serum reached its highest concentration, and a further rise was apparent between the 37th and 56th days.The phenomenon of “self-cure” was demonstrated following reinfection. This was manifested by a depression of the egg count and the elimination of Ascaris worms from the intestine, with a concomitant rise in the antibody content of the serum.In three out of five pigs which were initially infected, the infection became patent between the 51st and 58th days. On only one occasion out of thirteen were any superimposed larvae able to reach maturity.Pigs which had been previously infected exhibited resistance to a challenge dose. This was shown by (1) the absence of clinical signs, (2) a resistance to larval migration, and (3) an inhibition of larval growth. In this demonstration of an active acquired immunity to A. suum infection in pigs, a correlation between resistance and high sera titres was observed.

scholarly journals Recognition of ESAT-6 Sequences by Antibodies in Sera of Tuberculous Nonhuman Primates

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Kanaujia ◽  
S. Motzel ◽  
M. A. Garcia ◽  
P. Andersen ◽  
M. L. Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
Cell Clones

ABSTRACT Previous work in our laboratory showed that the ESAT-6 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis induces strong antibody responses in a large proportion (∼90%) of experimentally or naturally infected nonhuman primates. Here, the antibody response to ESAT-6 in tuberculous monkeys was characterized at the epitope level by measuring antibodies to overlapping, synthetic peptides spanning the ESAT-6 sequence. The antibody response against the COOH-terminal portion of the protein was the strongest in both experimentally and naturally infected animals. Moreover, these antibodies became detectable the earliest during experimental infection, suggesting an ordered expansion of ESAT-6-specific B-cell clones in the course of infection. The data support use of synthetic peptides in lieu of the full-length ESAT-6 protein in diagnostic antibody detection assays.

Experimental oral and ocularEncephalitozoon cuniculiinfection in rabbits

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1749-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. JEKLOVA ◽  
L. LEVA ◽  
K. KOVARCIK ◽  
J. MATIASOVIC ◽  
V. KUMMER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARYEncephalitozoon cuniculiis an obligate intracellular pathogen that has a wide host distribution, but primarily affects rabbits. The aim of this study was to characterize both the cell-mediated and the antibody response in rabbits after experimental infection using 2 different infection routes: oral and ocular. SPF rabbits were infected with low (103spores) and high (107spores) infection doses. Monitored parameters included clinical signs, detection of spores in urine, antibody response detected with ELISA, and cell-mediated immunity detected by antigen-driven lymphocyte proliferation. At week 13 post-infection, half of the rabbits in each group were suppressed by intramuscular administration of dexamethasone. At week 18 post-infection, animals were euthanized. Clinical signs were mild with exacerbation after immunosuppression. Spores in urine and antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity were detected from weeks 5 and 4 post-infection, respectively. Specific IgM was detected 1 week after infection, and IgG antibodies followed 1 week later in rabbits infected with the high dose. Immunological responses were dose dependent. The authors can conclude that both oral and ocular experimental infection withE. cuniculiresulted in an immune response of the infected animals. Rabbits could be used as an experimental model for the study of ocular microsporidiosis.

scholarly journals Pathological changes and bacteriological assessments in the urinary tract of pregnant goats experimentally infected with Brucella melitensis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mazlina ◽  
S. Khairani-Bejo ◽  
H. Hazilawati ◽  
T. Tiagarahan ◽  
N. N. Shaqinah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Pathological Changes
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