Fatal canine parvovirus‐2 (CPV‐2) infection in a rescued free‐ranging Taiwanese pangolin ( Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla )

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1074-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sin‐Ling Wang ◽  
Yang‐Chang Tu ◽  
Ming‐Shiuh Lee ◽  
Li‐Hsin Wu ◽  
Ting‐Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Free Ranging

Canine Parvovirus Infections in Taiwanese Pangolins (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla)

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110021
Author(s):  
Yen Chi Chang ◽  
Zhi Yi Lin ◽  
Yan Xiu Lin ◽  
Kuei Hsien Lin ◽  
Fang Tse Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Systemic Infections

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is among the most important and highly contagious pathogens that cause enteric or systemic infections in domestic and nondomestic carnivores. However, the spillover of CPV-2 to noncarnivores is rarely mentioned. Taiwanese pangolins ( Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) are threatened due to habitat fragmentation and prevalent animal trafficking. Interactions between Taiwanese pangolins, humans, and domestic animals have become more frequent in recent years. However, information about the susceptibility of pangolins to common infectious agents of domestic animals has been lacking. From October 2017 to June 2019, 4 pangolins that were rescued and treated in wildlife rescue centers in central and northern Taiwan presented with gastrointestinal signs. Gross and histopathological examination revealed the main pathologic changes to be necrotic enteritis with involvement of the crypts in all intestinal segments in 2 pangolins. By immunohistochemistry for CPV-2, there was positive labeling of cryptal epithelium throughout the intestine, and immunolabeling was also present in epidermal cells adjacent to a surgical amputation site, and in mononuclear cells in lymphoid tissue. The other 2 pangolins had mild enteritis without crypt involvement, and no immunolabeling was detected. The nucleic acid sequences of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons from these 4 pangolins were identical to a Chinese CPV-2c strain from domestic dogs. Quantitative PCR revealed a higher ratio of CPV-2 nucleic acid to internal control gene in the 2 pangolins with severe intestinal lesions and positive immunoreactivity. Herein, we present evidence of CPV-2 infections in pangolins.

scholarly journals Survey on viral pathogens in wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Germany with emphasis on parvoviruses and analysis of a DNA sequence from a red fox parvovirus

1998 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. TRUYEN ◽  
T. MÜLLER ◽  
R. HEIDRICH ◽  
K. TACKMANN ◽  
L. E. CARMICHAEL
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Feline Panleukopenia Virus ◽  
Free Ranging

The seroprevalence of canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus (CAV) and canine herpesvirus (CHV) infections in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was determined in fox sera collected between 1991 and 1995. A total of 500 sera were selected and the seroprevalences were estimated to be 13% (65 of 500 sera) for CPV, 4·4% (17 of 383 sera) for CDV, 3·5% (17 of 485 sera) for CAV, and 0·4% (2 of 485 sera) for CHV, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two (rural and suburban) areas under study.Parvovirus DNA sequences were amplified from tissues of free-ranging foxes and compared to those of prototype viruses from dogs and cats. We report here a parvovirus sequence indicative of a true intermediate between the feline panleukopenia virus-like viruses and the canine parvovirus-like viruses. The red fox parvoviral sequence, therefore, appears to represent a link between those viral groups. The DNA sequence together with a significant seroprevalence of parvovirus infections in foxes supports the hypothesis that the sudden emergence of canine parvovirus in the domestic dog population may have involved the interspecies transmission between wild and domestic carnivores.

scholarly journals Unprecedented account of mortality and morbidity in free ranging Formosan Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Ching-Min Sun ◽  
Bharti Arora ◽  
Jing-Shiun Lin ◽  
Wen-Chi Lin ◽  
Meng-Jou Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Rescue Center ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractGlobally, pangolins are overt for poaching and illegal trade, but Taiwan projects totally a contrary image where their population is stable and increasing. This paper illustrated the factors responsible for causing mortality and morbidity in free ranging Formosan pangolin (M. pentadactyla pentadactyla). Results from radio-tracking showed that Formosan pangolins are highly susceptible to stuck in tree hallows or ground burrows despite being proficient burrowers, and killed by gin traps, especially during the dryer season. Whilst the data consolidated from the Pingtung Rescue Center for Endangered Wild Animals illustrated the trauma (73.0%) was the major reason of causing morbidity in Formosan pangolin. The gin traps were the leading cause of trauma (77.8%) along with tail injuries caused by dog attack (20.4%). Despite all the pressing data about the injuries Taiwan, it is able to establish substantial success rate in rescuing and releasing pangolins through consolidating and applying valuable information among the rescue centers in the span of two decades. Taiwan has made a phenomenal progress in sustaining a salubrious population of pangolin but the situation requires continuous examination to ensure the existence of this species on the island.

Surveillance of ticks and associated pathogens in free-ranging Formosan pangolins ( Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla )

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1238-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupak Khatri-Chhetri ◽  
Hsi-Chieh Wang ◽  
Chen-Chih Chen ◽  
Han-Chun Shih ◽  
Hsien-Chun Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Exposure of pampas fox (Pseudalopex gymnocercus) and crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) from the Southern region of Brazil to Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine parvovirus (CPV) and Canine coronavirus (CCoV)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia de Oliveira Hübner ◽  
Felipe Geraldes Pappen ◽  
Jerônimo Lopes Ruas ◽  
Gilberto D'Ávila Vargas ◽  
Geferson Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Canine Coronavirus ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Free Ranging

The exposure of 13 Brazilian free-ranging nondomestic canids (five pampas fox - Pseudalopex gymnocercus and eight crab-eating fox -Cerdocyon thous) from Southern region of Brazil, to Canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV) and Canine coronavirus (CCoV) was investigated. Antibodies against CDV were detected in 38.5% (5/13) of the samples. There were anti-CDV antibodies in 60% (3/5) of P. gymnocercus and in 25% (2/8) of C. thous. The frequency was higher among the adults and males. Eleven canids (84.6%) presented antibodies against CPV, 80% (4/5) were from P. gymnocercus and 87.5% (7/8) were from C. thous. There was no difference in positivity rate against CPV between gender and age. Antibodies against CCoV were detected in 38.5% (5/13) of the samples, with 60% (3/5) of positivity in P. gymnocercus and 25% (2/8) in C. thous. The frequency of antibodies against CCoV was higher among the adults and males. The study showed that these canids were exposed to CDV, CPV and CCoV.

scholarly journals Use of Real-time PCR to Detect Canine Parvovirus in Feces of Free-ranging Wolves

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. David Mech ◽  
Emily S. Almberg ◽  
Douglas Smith ◽  
Sagar Goyal ◽  
Randall S. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Free Ranging

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN ENDANGERED FORMOSAN PANGOLINS (MANIS PENTADACTYLA PENTADACTYLA) FROM SOUTHEASTERN TAIWAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupak Khatri-Chhetri ◽  
Tsung-Chou Chang ◽  
Nabin Khatri-Chhetri ◽  
Yen-Li Huang ◽  
Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Wildlife Diseases ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Gross Examination ◽  
Insectivorous Mammal

Formosan pangolin, a sub-species of Chinese pangolin is a critically endangered insectivorous mammal found only in Taiwan. Pathological studies are helpful in the diagnosis and investigation of wildlife diseases. Pathological findings in pangolins have not been well documented. The present paper reports the pathological findings of 14 free-ranging Formosan pangolins. External injuries and superficial wounds (6/14) were common finding in gross examination and were mostly found in the legs. Respiratory system (78%, 11/14) lesions included interstitial pneumonia, atelectasis and emphysema. Hepatic changes (43%, 6/14) included necrosis, bile duct hyperplasia, lipidosis and extensive hepatocyte degeneration. Parasites were detected in 57% of pangolins (8/14) studied and included both endoparasites and ectoparasites. Urinary system (21%, 3/14) lesions were interstitial nephritis and nephrolithiasis. Brain lesions were found in three pangolins and included cerebral edema and hemorrhage and ventriculitis. Additional pathological lesions included thyroid gland hyperplasia and left ventricular hypertrophy. The presented pathological findings can aid in the understanding of diseases of pangolins and will contribute knowledge to future investigations on diseases of pangolins.

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