Schmallenberg virus detection in Culicoides biting midges in Spain: First laboratory evidence for highly efficient infection of Culicoides of the Obsoletus complex and Culicoides imicola

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pagès ◽  
S. Talavera ◽  
M. Verdún ◽  
N. Pujol ◽  
M. Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Detection ◽  
Schmallenberg Virus ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Laboratory Evidence ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges ◽  
Obsoletus Complex

Bluetongue virus detection in new Culicoides species in Sardinia, Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (20) ◽  
pp. 621-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cipriano Foxi ◽  
Giorgio Meloni ◽  
Giantonella Puggioni ◽  
Daniela Manunta ◽  
Angelamaria Rocchigiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Culicoides Species ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Obsoletus Complex ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

Bluetongue is an infectious disease transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. Culicoides imicola is considered the main vector in the Mediterranean basin but other species have been implicated in the Bluetongue virus (BTV) transmission. During 2017, BTV serotype 4 re-occurred in Sardinia causing outbreaks in sheep farms. A survey was carried out on affected farms with the aim to detect the virus in field-collected Culicoides. Biting midges were morphologically identified, pooled and then assayed with a real time RT-PCR. To evaluate BTV dissemination, some Culicoides were dissected and head, thorax and abdomen were tested singly by PCR. A total of 173,738 Culicoides adults were collected. Viral RNA was detected in 68 out of 77 pools and all species analysed resulted positive. Detection of BTV in parous female body regions (head, thorax and abdomen) confirmed the full dissemination of BTV in all species analysed. During this study, the vector competence of C imicola, C newsteadi s.l. and Obsoletus complex was confirmed. The authors found two new Culicoides species BTV positive, C paolae never associated with BTV transmission and C circumscriptus only recently found BTV positive in Turkey, which could be considered potential vectors.

scholarly journals Culicoides biting midges at the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa : research communication

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Labuschagne ◽  
L.J. Gerber ◽  
I. Espie ◽  
S. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Far East ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are responsible for the transmission of a large number of pathogens to livestock and wild animals. In this study the presence of the genus, using light traps based at four different sites within the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, was investigated during 2002-2004. In total, 37 species were recorded, including large numbers of Culicoides imicola Kieffer, 1913, which is responsible for the transmission of economically important arboviruses in South Africa, Europe, Middle and Far East. These results are discussed with reference to the wider Culicoides fauna in the Onderstepoort area of South Africa, their vector competence as well as biosecurity at the National Zoological Gardens.

scholarly journals Two Rare Cases of Bi-Abdomen and a Polar Gynandromorphismin ‎Culicoides (Biting Midges) from Makurdi, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
P. O. Oke ◽  
B. E. Oke ◽  
N. Wanmi ◽  
M. O. Samuel ◽  
J. O. Adejinmi
Keyword(s):  
Content Volume ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Culicoides Oxystoma ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

Three developmental abnormalities were found out of a total sample of eight hundred and twenty two within the genus Culicoides. These are two rare cases of double abdomen in females of the Schultzei and Imicola groups and a polar gynandromorphism, all in the genus Culicoides (biting midges) from Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. These females show double symmetrical abdomens equally attached to the meta-thorax and are related both on dorsal and ventral relative positions as well as larger and smaller relative capacities. The bi-abdomens in the Culicoides oxystoma (Schultzei group) were also separated by a speculated third rudimentary abdomen similarly attached to the meta-thorax; both abdomens possess three spermathecae (receptacula seminis) each but two spermathecae in the Culicoides imicola (Imicola group). The dorsal abdomen possesses eleven spiracles while the ventral sac, ten in the Culicoides oxystoma and revealed evidence of functionality; the dorsal abdomen was observed filled while the ventral only shows a smaller content volume. Both bi-abdominal specimens demonstrated no other apparent morphological dysfunction of other parts. On the other hand, the polar gynandromorphic specimen on stereomicroscopy revealed a typical female anterior portion and a posterior portion characteristic of male adult Culicoides. Further examination of the specimen showed absence of spermatheca. These abnormalities are the first reports of any type in invertebrates in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Implicating Culicoides Biting Midges as Vectors of Schmallenberg Virus Using Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e57747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Veronesi ◽  
Mark Henstock ◽  
Simon Gubbins ◽  
Carrie Batten ◽  
Robyn Manley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schmallenberg Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

scholarly journals Environmental Drivers of Adult Seasonality and Abundance of Biting Midges Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Bluetongue Vector Species in Spain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Barceló ◽  
Bethan V Purse ◽  
Rosa Estrada ◽  
Javier Lucientes ◽  
Miguel Á Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Obsoletus Complex

Abstract Bluetongue is a viral disease affecting wild and domestic ruminants transmitted by several species of biting midges Culicoides Latreille. The phenology of these insects were analyzed in relation to potential environmental drivers. Data from 329 sites in Spain were analyzed using Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) approaches. The effects of environmental factors on adult female seasonality were contrasted. Obsoletus complex species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) were the most prevalent across sites, followed by Culicoides newsteadi Austen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Activity of female Obsoletus complex species was longest in sites at low elevation, with warmer spring average temperatures and precipitation, as well as in sites with high abundance of cattle. The length of the Culicoides imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) female adult season was also longest in sites at low elevation with higher coverage of broad-leaved vegetation. Long adult seasons of C. newsteadi were found in sites with warmer autumns and higher precipitation, high abundance of sheep. Culicoides pulicaris (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) had longer adult periods in sites with a greater number of accumulated degree days over 10°C during winter. These results demonstrate the eco-climatic and seasonal differences among these four taxa in Spain, which may contribute to determining sites with suitable environmental circumstances for each particular species to inform assessments of the risk of Bluetongue virus outbreaks in this region.

scholarly journals Faunistic composition and population dynamic of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Castile-La Mancha

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro María Alarcón-Elbal ◽  
Rosa Estrada ◽  
Víctor Jesús Carmona-Salido ◽  
Carlos Calvete ◽  
Javier Lucientes
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges ◽  
Faunistic Composition ◽  
Obsoletus Complex

Un total de 21 especies del género Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) han sido identificadas dentro del Programa Nacional de Vigilancia Entomológica frente a la Lengua Azul en Castilla-La Mancha durante el periodo 2007-2009, de las cuales 10 son nuevas citas para la comunidad autónoma. Se ha llevado a cabo una descripción y discusión detalladas de la variación espacial y temporal de las especies mamófilas y/o generalistas más abundantemente capturadas, siendo éstas C. imicola, complejo C. obsoletus, C. circumscriptus, C. newsteadi, C. pulicaris, C. punctatus, C. nubeculosus y C. parroti. Asimismo, se aportan datos sobre las diferencias en la proporción de sexos y el estado gonotrófico entre los diferentes taxones.Framed into the National Bluetongue Entomological Surveillance Program in Castile-La Mancha, 21 species of the genus Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) has been identified in the 2007-2009 period, of which 10 are new records for the autonomous community. A detailed description and discussion of the spatial and temporal variation of mammal and/or generalist feeders more abundantly captured was undertaken, being these C. imicola, C. obsoletus complex, C. circumscriptus, C. newsteadi, C. pulicaris, C. punctatus, C. nubeculosus and C. parroti. In addition, data on differences in sex ratio and gonotrophic state between taxa are given.

Management of North American Culicoides Biting Midges: Current Knowledge and Research Needs

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Pfannenstiel ◽  
Bradley A. Mullens ◽  
Mark G. Ruder ◽  
Ludek Zurek ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation in the abundance of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in nine European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Cuéllar ◽  
Lene Jung Kjær ◽  
Carsten Kirkeby ◽  
Henrik Skovgard ◽  
Søren Achim Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges
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