Diversification of true water bugs revealed by transcriptome‐based phylogenomics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Wang ◽  
Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo Moreira ◽  
Dávid Rédei ◽  
Pingping Chen ◽  
Stefan Martin Kuechler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bugs

Water bugs (Hemipera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha & Gerromorpha) of Chile: phylogenetic and biogeographic considerations, and a catalog of the fauna

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-71
Author(s):  
JAKOB DAMGAARD ◽  
FELIPE FERRAZ FIGUEIREDO MOREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Easter Island ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Juan Fernández Islands ◽  
Aquatic Bugs ◽  
Juan Fernandez Islands ◽  
Water Bugs

The Chilean fauna of water bugs comprises seven species of semi-aquatic bugs (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha), representing five genera, three tribes, four subfamilies and four families; and 27 species and one subspecies of aquatic bugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha), representing four subgenera, eight genera, three tribes, seven subfamilies, and five families. We compare the fauna with neighboring countries and find that several otherwise widespread and abundant taxa are missing in Chile, but that Chepuvelia usingeri China, 1963 (Macroveliidae), Microvelia chilena Drake & Hussey, 1955 (Veliidae), Limnocoris dubiosus Montandon, 1898 (Naucoridae), Nerthra (Nerthra) parvula (Signoret, 1863), N. (N.) undosa Nieser & Chen, 1992, N. (Rhinodermacoris) praecipua Todd, 1957 (Gelastocoridae), and Sigara (Tropocorixa) termasensis (Hungerford, 1928a) (Corixidae) are endemic to the country. To this list, we add †Nerthra (Nerthra) subantarctica Faúndez & Ashworth, 2015, even though the species is only known from a subfossil. We can also inform that while water bugs are found in the archipelagoes of southern Chile, no species has been reported from the Juan Fernandez Islands, Easter Island and other off-shore islands. Several of the Chilean species are without any close extant relatives, such as C. usingeri and Aquarius chilensis (Berg, 1881) (Gerridae), or with relatives in Oceania (N. praecipua), suggesting that historical events such as dispersal and extinction have had a major influence on the composition of the Chilean fauna. 

Circadian organization of chitin in some insect skeletons

1965 ◽  
Vol s3-106 (76) ◽  
pp. 315-325
Author(s):  
A. C. NEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
General Feature ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Actual Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Parallel Fibres ◽  
Astronomical Clock ◽  
Circadian Organization ◽  
Water Bugs

A circadian clock is shown to be involved in the control of macromolecular orientation of chitin by cells secreting and organizing insect endocuticle. Daily organization of locust endocuticle into alternating lamellate and non-lamellate layers persists in constant temperature (36° C) and constant darkness for at least 2 weeks; the freerunning period is then about 23 h, so that after a number of days the circadian clock is 180° out of phase with the astronomical clock, with which it is normally phased. The rhythm is almost independent of temperature, with a Q10 of 1.04, as contrasted with a Q10 of 2.0 for the actual rate of increase of endocuticular thickness. Locust epidermal cells differ in response to specific imposed environmental conditions according to their location in the integument. In some cells, constant low temperature uncouples chitin lamellogenesis from the circadian clock, provided that illumination (light or dark) is constant also: the result is continuously lamellate endocuticle. In other cells constant light acts as an uncoupling factor, provided that temperature (high or low) is constant also: the result in this case is continuously non-lamellate endocuticle. The circadian rhythm of chitin lamellogenesis persists in a cave cricket (Dolichopoda linderi). A similar circadian lamellogenesis rhythm occurs in the endocuticle of nymphs and adults of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. A crossed-fibre multiple-ply endocuticle in the legs and wings of giant toe-biter water bugs (Belosto-matidae) also displays circadian organization, the chitin macromolecules in any one layer lying in parallel fibres, at an angle of approximately 6o° to those in the next layer. It is suggested that daily organization of the skeleton may be a general feature of arthropods. Examples include the phenomena of timing of chitin lamellogenesis; chitin crossed-fibrillar organization; degree of fluorescence of the rubber-like protein resilin; and mineralization of crayfish gastroliths.

Karyotype, sex determination and male meiosis in three benthic water bugs (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha: Aphelocheiridae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desislava Stoianova ◽  
S. Grozeva ◽  
N. Simov ◽  
V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Water Bugs

LIFE-HISTORIES OF NORTH-AMERICAN WATER-BUGS

1906 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. De La Torre Bueno
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Water Bugs

At every turn, since beginning my studies in the aquatic Hemiptera some four years ago, my attempts to verify some observation have been balked by the extreme meagreness of the information on the subject running all through the field of entomological literature. This lack is far more noticeable with reard to the immature stages of the Cryptocerata and of the aquatic and semi-aquatic forms of the Gymnocerata.

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