Ash and biochar amendment of coarse sandy soil for growing crops under drought conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Bruun ◽  
D. Müller‐Stöver ◽  
B. N. Pedersen ◽  
L. V. Hansen ◽  
C. T. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Studies on the water retention in arable sandy soil amended with fine size-fractionated sunflower husk biochar 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gluba ◽  
Anna Rafalska-Przysucha ◽  
Kamil Szewczak ◽  
Mateusz Łukowski ◽  
Radosław Szlązak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Biochar Amendment

<p>Biochar application has been reported for improving the physical, chemical, and hydrological properties of soil. However, biochar can be produced from different feedstocks and at different conditions having a direct impact on its properties. Furthermore, the overall effect of improvement depends on the type of soil. That makes biochar amendment difficult to optimize and creates the need for extensive studies of this issue for its better understanding. In these studies, we show that water holding capacity (by means of Available Water Content - AWC) can be significantly improved in arable sandy soil using fine-sized biochar particles.</p><p>For our studies, we have used sunflower husk biochar (pyrolyzed at 650<sup>o</sup>C). Biochar samples were characterized using an elemental analyzer for C, H, N content studies, mercury porosimeter for porosity and specific pore volumes, and vibratory shaker with a stack of sieves for particle size distribution. The examined biochar was sieved in order to obtain four diameter size fractions: <50 µm, 50–100 µm, 100–250 µm and <2000 µm and mixed with arable sandy soil for 0.95, 2.24, 4.76 and 9.52 wt.%. The unamended soil sample served as a reference. At first, we have measured the bulk density of the air-dried samples. After then the pressure plate method was used to determine the water retention curves. The results were fitted using the van Genuchten equation. Finally, the AWC for all the measured samples was calculated from a difference between soil water contents for pF=2.2 and pF=4.2.  </p><p>The bulk density studies have shown a nonlinear behavior as a function of dose for all fractions of the biochar. The clearest effect is observed for fractions below 100 µm for which the density vs dose characteristics of the samples revealed a maximum for 0.95 wt.% and a decreasing trend for higher biochar contents. The AWC studies shown that the particle size fractions of biochar below 100 µm in diameter cause also the most significant improvement in the water retention, almost doubling the reference level (0.078 m<sup>3 </sup>m<sup>-3</sup>) to approximately 0.155 m<sup>3 </sup>m<sup>-3</sup> after biochar amendment. The results are explained by the filling of the free volume in the sandy soil matrix by small biochar particles. That leads to a shift of the pore size distribution to smaller radiuses, which in consequence promotes an increase in AWC. </p><p> </p><p>The research was conducted under the project  "Water in soil  -  satellite monitoring and improving the retention using biochar" No. BIOSTRATEG3/345940/7/NCBR/2017 which was financed by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development in the framework of “Environment, agriculture and forestry" -BIOSTRATEG strategic R&D programme.</p>

Effects of biochar amendment on sorption, dissipation, and uptake of fenamiphos and cadusafos nematicides in sandy soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2652-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif B Abdel Ghani ◽  
Suloiman Al-Rehiayani ◽  
Moustafa El Agamy ◽  
Luigi Lucini
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Attenuation of Amoeba in Biochar-amended Clayey and Sandy Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PEARL APHRODITE BOBON CARNICE
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Saturated Clay ◽  
Initial Texture ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Limited information has been published regarding the attenuation ofmicroorganism, specifically amoeba in soil with biochar amendment. This studydetermines the attenuation of amoeba between water-saturated clay and sandysoil with biochar and to determine the effect of biochar in clayey and sandy soilwith amoeba contamination in relation to its transport. Four treatments wereformulated, TS (sandy soil, control), TSB (sandy soil + biochar), TC (clayeysoil, control) and TCB (clayey soil + biochar) and replicated three times. Theexperiment was rendered using a 17cm soil column with 2.5cm diameter;all treatments were saturated and leached. Number of amoeba leached andattenuated was counted under a compound microscope. Results revealed thatclayey soil attenuated more amoeba compared to sandy soil treatment due toits smaller pores. Moreover, biochar amendment in a sandy soil would enhance the attenuation of amoeba and lessen the transport of amoeba while biochar amendment in clayey soil lessens the attenuation and facilitate the transfer ofamoeba. It has also been observed that at four to eight centimeters depth of thesoil column, the spatial distribution of amoeba is superior. The study implies thatbiochar physical enhancement of soil would depend upon the initial texture ofthe soil.' Keywords - Ecology and Conservation, Biochar as Filter for Amoeba Attenuation,Experimental Study, Philippines

Effect of biochar amendment on sorption and leaching of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate in a sandy soil

Chemosphere ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yao ◽  
Bin Gao ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Mandu Inyang ◽  
Andrew R. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Biochar Amendment

scholarly journals Biochar Amendment Enhances Water Retention in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Lustosa Carvalho ◽  
Moacir Tuzzin de Moraes ◽  
Carlos Eduardo P. Cerri ◽  
Maurício Roberto Cherubin
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Biochar Amendment

The use of biochar, which is the solid product of biomass pyrolysis, in agricultural soils, has been shown as a strategic solution for building soil carbon stocks and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. However, biochar amendment might also benefit other key soil processes and services, such as those that are related to water retention, particularly in sandy soils. Here, we conducted an experiment to investigate the potential of biochar to enhance pore size distribution and water retention properties in a tropical sandy soil. Three biochar rates were incorporated (equivalent to 6.25, 12.5, and 25 Mg ha−1) into plastic pots containing a sandy Oxisol sampled from a sugarcane field in Brazil. Undisturbed samples of the mixture were collected at two evaluation times (50 and 150 days) and used to determine water retention curves and other soil physical properties. The results showed that biochar amendment decreased soil bulk density and increased water retention capacity, micropore volume, and available water content. Higher soil water retention in amended soil is associated with the inherent characteristics of biochar (e.g., internal porosity) and potential improvements in soil structure. Microporosity and water retention were enhanced with intermediate biochar rate (12.5 Mg ha−1), instead of the highest rate (25 Mg ha−1) tested. Further studies are needed to validate these results under field conditions.

Homeowners’ Preferences for Smart Irrigation Systems and Features

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Hayk Khachatryan ◽  
Alicia Rihn ◽  
Dong Hee Suh ◽  
Michael Dukes
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Resource Economics ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Economics Department ◽  
Irrigation Technologies

Drought conditions make landscape irrigation and reducing water use top-of-mind for many Floridians. Encouraging wise water use is of particular importance to the smart irrigation industry and water policy makers. This 5-page fact sheet written by Hayk Khachatryan, Alicia Rihn, Dong Hee Suh, and Michael Dukes and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department pinpoints key attributes and barriers affecting consumers' irrigation purchases and their adoption of smart irrigation technologies. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1080

EVALUATION OF CLOVERS ON SANDY COASTAL SOIL

1977 ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Williams ◽  
L.B. Anderson ◽  
B.M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Winter Annual

In evaluations of clover performances on summer-dry Himatangi sandy soil, it was found that none could match lucerne over summer. Emphasis was therefore placed on production in autumn-winter- early spring when lucerne growth was slow. Evaluations of some winter annual clover species suggested that Trifolium spumosum, T. pallidum, T. resupinatum, and T. vesiculosum would justify further investigation, along with T. subterraneum which is already used in pastures on this soil type. Among the perennial clover species, Kenya white clover (7'. semipilosum) showed outstanding recovery from drought and was the only species to produce significantly in autumn. However, it failed to grow in winter-early spring. Within red clover, materials of New Zealand x Moroccan origin substantially outproduced the commercial cultivars. Within white clover, material from Israel, Italy and Lebanon, as well as progeny of a selected New Zealand plant, showed more rapid recovery from drought stress and subsequently better winter growth than New Zealand commercial material ('Grasslands Huia'). The wider use of plant material of Mediterranean origin and of plants collected in New Zealand dryland pastures is advocated in development of clover cultivars for New Zealand dryland situations.

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

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