Different amounts of sugarcane trash left on the soil: Effects on microbial and enzymatic indicators in a short‐term experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Faria Vieira ◽  
Nilza P. Ramos ◽  
Ricardo Antônio A. Pazianotto
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Soil Effects ◽  
Short Term Experiment

scholarly journals An experimental study of the ecological impacts of hydraulic bivalve dredging on maerl

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hauton ◽  
J.M Hall-Spencer ◽  
P.G Moore
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Sediment Tracer ◽  
Razor Clams ◽  
Short Term Experiment ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

AbstractA short-term experiment to assess the ecological impact of a hydraulic blade dredge on a maerl community was carried out during November 2001 in the Clyde Sea area on the west coast of Scotland. A fluorescent sediment tracer was used to label dead maerl, which was then spread out on the surface of sediment to act as a proxy for living maerl. The fauna collected by the dredge was dominated by the bivalves Dosinia exoleta and Tapes rhomboides, which were found to be intact. The target razor clams Ensis spp. were caught in low numbers, which reflected the low abundance of this genus within the maerl habitat. The hydraulic dredge removed, dispersed and buried the fluorescent maerl at a rate of 5.2 kg m−2 and suspended a large cloud of sediment into the water column, which settled out and blanketed the seabed to a distance of at least 8 m either side of the dredge track. The likely ecological consequences of hydraulic dredging on maerl grounds are discussed, and a case is made for protecting all maerl grounds from hydraulic dredging and establishing them as reservoirs to allow for the recruitment of commercial bivalve populations at adjacent fished sites.

scholarly journals Direct AC/DC Heating of Oxygen Transport Membranes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ivan Kovalev ◽  
Alexander Vorobyev ◽  
Artem Bagishev ◽  
Mikhail Popov ◽  
Marat Sharafutdinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Resistive Heating ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Direct Heating ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Term Experiment

This article is devoted to the development of the direct resistive heating of oxygen transport membranes technique. In this case, DC was selected to perform direct heating. The effect of DC on the oxygen fluxes and the microstructure of the membrane was studied. It is shown that in the short-term experiment with DC, a positive significant effect on the oxygen transport was found, while sample exposure under the influence of DC for a long period of time had a significant negative effect on the microstructure of the membrane.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Organic Manures on the Biochemical and Microbial Characteristics of Albic Paddy Soil in a Short-Term Experiment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0124096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Guoqing Liang ◽  
Xiubin Wang ◽  
Jingwen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Short Term Experiment

Predicting isoproturon long-term mineralization from short-term experiment: Can this be a suitable approach?

Chemosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ulrike Dörfler ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Reiner Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Short Term Experiment

scholarly journals Long-term resource addition to a detrital food web yields a pattern of responses more complex than pervasive bottom-up control

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra L. Lawrence ◽  
David H Wise
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Short Term Experiment ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Background. Theory predicts strong bottom-up control in detritus-based food webs, yet field experiments with detritus-based terrestrial systems have uncovered contradictory evidence regarding the strength and pervasiveness of bottom-up control processes. Two factors likely leading to contradictory results are experiment duration, which influences exposure to temporal variation in abiotic factors such as rainfall and affects the likelihood of detecting approach to a new equilibrium; and openness of the experimental units to immigration and migration. To investigate the contribution of these two factors, we conducted a long-term experiment with open and fenced plots in the forest that was the site of an earlier, short-term experiment (3.5 months) with open plots (Chen & Wise 1999) that produced evidence of strong bottom-up control for 14 taxonomic groupings of primary consumers of litter and fungi (microbi-detritivores) and their predators. Methods. We added artificial high-quality detritus to ten 2 x 2-m forest-floor plots at bi-weekly intervals from April through September in three consecutive years (Supplemented treatment). Ten comparable Ambient plots were controls. Half of the Supplemented and Ambient plots were enclosed by metal fencing. Results. Arthropod community structure (based upon 18 response variables) diverged over time between Supplemented and Ambient treatments, with no effect of Fencing on the multivariate response pattern. Fencing possibly influenced only ca. 20% of the subsequent univariate analyses. Multi- and univariate analyses revealed bottom-up control by fall of Year 1 of some, but not all, microbi-detritivores and predators. During the following two years the pattern of responses became more complex than that observed by Chen & Wise (1999). Some taxa showed consistent bottom-up control whereas many did not. Variation across years could not be explained completely by differences in rainfall because some taxa exhibited negative, not positive, responses to detrital supplementation. Discussion. Our 3-yr experiment did not confirm the conclusion of strong, pervasive bottom-up control of microbi-detritivores and predators reported by Chen and Wise (1999). Our longer-term experiment revealed a more complex pattern of responses, a pattern much closer to the range of outcomes reported in the literature for many short-term experiments. Much of the variation in responses across studies likely reflects variation in factors such as rainfall and the quality of added detritus. Nevertheless, it is also possible that long-term resource enhancement can drive a community towards a new equilibrium state that differs from what would have been predicted from the initial short-term responses exhibited by primary and secondary consumers.

The Effect Of Kinesio Taping On The Result In The Standing Long Jump

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleš Kaplan ◽  
Iva Hnátová ◽  
Miloš Peca
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Short Term Experiment ◽  
Prior Injury

This paper draws attention to a short-term experiment that aims to elucidate the effect of kinesio taping of the musculus triceps surae on performance in the standing long jump. We therefore dealt with an area that has not yet been suficiently explored. For this reason, our aim was to determine and evaluate the effect of the application of kinesio taping on muscle strength in the standing long jump and to make a comparison with the results without the use of kinesio taping. The musculus triceps surae was selected for testing. Thus, we assume that the application of facilitation kinesio taping to the musculus triceps surae will influence the probands’ performance in the standing long jump. The experiment was performed with a group of n=20 young probands, athletes aged 16.25 (± 0.76), without prior injury. In this context, we realise that we cannot generalise the results to cover the entire population, es-pecially to injured individuals or after an accident.

Species differences in scarab–pasture relationships

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Davidson ◽  
R.J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Short Term Experiment

The damage caused by the larvae of four Melolonthine and one Ruteline scarab species to four grasses and Trifolium repens grown in pots was examined for interactions between species with and without manure added to the soil. Only slight interactions between scarab species and plant species were detected in the damage to pastures, and these were caused by a differential insect response to Trifolium. Most scarabs damaged Trifolium as much as they damaged the grasses, but Anoplognathus sp. appeared to avoid Trifolium in the absence of manure. Sericesthis geminata Boisd. caused more damage to Trifolium than S. vigilans (Sharp) or Rhopaca magnicornis Blkb.The addition of manure to soil reduced to negligible proportions the damage to all pasture species except Phalaris tuberos, which suffered significantly greater reduction of foliage than other plants in the presence of manure. The highly significant alleviation of damage by manure occured with all scarab species except S. vigilans, which did not cause damage even in the absence of manure.In this short-term experiment survival and pupation were not influenced significantly by plant species or manure.

Implications of climate change for Daphnia in alpine lakes: predictions from long-term dynamics, spatial distribution, and a short-term experiment

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 676 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Fischer ◽  
Mark H. Olson ◽  
Craig E. Williamson ◽  
Jennifer C. Everhart ◽  
Paula J. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Alpine Lakes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Short Term Experiment
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