Soil carbon increases with long‐term cattle stocking in northern temperate grasslands

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Bork ◽  
Lisa L. Raatz ◽  
Cameron N. Carlyle ◽  
Daniel B. Hewins ◽  
Karen A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Temperate Grasslands

Herbage biomass and its relationship to soil carbon under long-term grazing in northern temperate grasslands

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-916
Author(s):  
E.W. Bork ◽  
M.P. Lyseng ◽  
D.B. Hewins ◽  
C.N. Carlyle ◽  
S.X. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Soil C

While northern temperate grasslands are important for supporting beef production, it remains unclear how grassland above- and belowground biomass responds to long-term cattle grazing. Here, we use a comprehensive dataset from 73 grasslands distributed across a broad agro-climatic gradient to quantify grassland shoot, litter, and shallow (top 30 cm) root biomass in areas with and without grazing. Additionally, we relate biomass to soil carbon (C) concentrations. Forb biomass was greater (p < 0.05) in grazed areas, particularly those receiving more rainfall. In contrast, grass and total aboveground herbage biomass did not differ with grazing (total: 2320 kg ha−1 for grazed vs. 2210 kg ha−1 for non-grazed; p > 0.05). Forb crude protein concentrations were lower (p < 0.05) in grazed communities compared with those that were non-grazed. Grasslands subjected to grazing had 56% less litter mass. Root biomass down to 30 cm remained similar between areas with (9090 kg ha−1) and without (7130 kg ha−1) grazing (p > 0.05). Surface mineral soil C concentrations were positively related to peak grassland biomass, particularly total (above + belowground) biomass, and with increasing forb biomass in grazed areas. Finally, total aboveground shoot biomass and soil C concentrations in the top 15 cm of soil were both positively related to the proportion of introduced plant diversity in grazed and non-grazed grasslands. Overall, cattle grazing at moderate stocking rates had minimal impact on peak grassland biomass, including above- and belowground, and a positive contribution exists from introduced plant species to maintaining herbage productivity and soil C.

Effects of Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation on Yield and Soil Carbon

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Al-Kaisi ◽  
Mark A. Licht ◽  
Beth E. Larabee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation

Effects of Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation on Yield and Soil Carbon

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Al-Kaisi ◽  
Mark A. Licht ◽  
Beth E. Larabee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation

scholarly journals Long-Term Nitrogen Addition Decreases Soil Carbon Mineralization in an N-Rich Primary Tropical Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Xiankai Lu ◽  
Qinggong Mao ◽  
Zhuohang Wang ◽  
Taiki Mori ◽  
Jiangming Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Soil Carbon Mineralization ◽  
N Additions

Anthropogenic elevated nitrogen (N) deposition has an accelerated terrestrial N cycle, shaping soil carbon dynamics and storage through altering soil organic carbon mineralization processes. However, it remains unclear how long-term high N deposition affects soil carbon mineralization in tropical forests. To address this question, we established a long-term N deposition experiment in an N-rich lowland tropical forest of Southern China with N additions such as NH4NO3 of 0 (Control), 50 (Low-N), 100 (Medium-N) and 150 (High-N) kg N ha−1 yr−1, and laboratory incubation experiment, used to explore the response of soil carbon mineralization to the N additions therein. The results showed that 15 years of N additions significantly decreased soil carbon mineralization rates. During the incubation period from the 14th day to 56th day, the average decreases in soil CO2 emission rates were 18%, 33% and 47% in the low-N, medium-N and high-N treatments, respectively, compared with the Control. These negative effects were primarily aroused by the reduced soil microbial biomass and modified microbial functions (e.g., a decrease in bacteria relative abundance), which could be attributed to N-addition-induced soil acidification and potential phosphorus limitation in this forest. We further found that N additions greatly increased soil-dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and there were significantly negative relationships between microbial biomass and soil DOC, indicating that microbial consumption on soil-soluble carbon pool may decrease. These results suggests that long-term N deposition can increase soil carbon stability and benefit carbon sequestration through decreased carbon mineralization in N-rich tropical forests. This study can help us understand how microbes control soil carbon cycling and carbon sink in the tropics under both elevated N deposition and carbon dioxide in the future.

Long‐term effect of tillage and straw retention in conservation agriculture systems on soil carbon storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Gómez‐Muñoz ◽  
Lars Stoumann Jensen ◽  
Lars Munkholm ◽  
Jørgen Eivind Olesen ◽  
Elly Møller Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Soil Carbon Storage ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Straw Retention ◽  
Agriculture Systems

Soil nutrients increase long‐term soil carbon gains threefold on retired farmland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Seabloom ◽  
Elizabeth T. Borer ◽  
Sarah E. Hobbie ◽  
Andrew S. MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Nutrients
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