scholarly journals Peanut residues supply minimal plant‐available nitrogen on a major soil series in the USA peanut basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284
Author(s):  
Arun D. Jani ◽  
Michael J. Mulvaney ◽  
Kipling S. Balkcom ◽  
Charles Wesley Wood ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Series ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen

Beginnings of the Soil Type and Soil Series in the USA

Soil Horizons ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy W. Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
The Usa

The Reduction of Plant-Available Nitrogen by Cover Crop Mulches and Subsequent Effects on Soybean Performance and Weed Interference

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Wells ◽  
S. C. Reberg-Horton ◽  
A. N. Smith ◽  
J. M. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen

scholarly journals Potential of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria to Fix Nitrogen in Rice Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Isamu Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogenase Activities ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Biological nitrogen fixation catalyzed by Mo-nitrogenase of symbiotic diazotrophs has attracted interest because its potential to supply plant-available nitrogen offers an alternative way of using chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) diazotrophically grow under light anaerobic conditions and can be isolated from photic and microaerobic zones of rice fields. Therefore, PNSB as asymbiotic diazotrophs contribute to nitrogen fixation in rice fields. An attempt to measure nitrogen in the oxidized surface layer of paddy soil estimates that approximately 6–8 kg N/ha/year might be accumulated by phototrophic microorganisms. Species of PNSB possess one of or both alternative nitrogenases, V-nitrogenase and Fe-nitrogenase, which are found in asymbiotic diazotrophs, in addition to Mo-nitrogenase. The regulatory networks control nitrogenase activity in response to ammonium, molecular oxygen, and light irradiation. Laboratory and field studies have revealed effectiveness of PNSB inoculation to rice cultures on increases of nitrogen gain, plant growth, and/or grain yield. In this review, properties of the nitrogenase isozymes and regulation of nitrogenase activities in PNSB are described, and research challenges and potential of PNSB inoculation to rice cultures are discussed from a viewpoint of their applications as nitrogen biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Influences of different organic fertilizers on nutrients of humic sandy soil and on the growth of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Andrea Balláné Kovács ◽  
Rita Kremper ◽  
Ida Kincses ◽  
Ágnes Leviczky
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen ◽  
Food Waste Compost

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of manure with different origin (horse, cattle), various bedding materials (straw, sawdust) and diverse doses (30 t ha-1, 60 t ha-1) and the impact of food waste compost on the plant growth and the available plant nutrient content of soil. The study was conducted on humic sandy soil and consisted of 9 treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was grown as the test crop. The treatments were: 1. unfertilized control; 2. horse manure with straw (30 t ha-1); 3. horse manure with sawdust (30 t ha-1); 4. cattle manure (30 t ha-1); 5 food waste compost (30 t ha-1); 6. horse manure with straw (60 t ha-1); 7. horse manure with sawdust (60 t ha-1); 8. cattle manure (60 t ha-1); 9. food waste compost (60 t ha-1). Plant growth was monitored for 4 weeks. Shoot and root weights per pot were measured, total biomass weight per pot were counted. On the basis of the results it can be concluded, that among treatments the application of horse manure with straw enhanced spinach growth most significantly compared to other treatments and to the non-treated control, resulted the highest weights of leaves and roots of spinach. At the same time even small dose (30 t ha-1) of this fertilizer caused increased plant available nitrogen and phosphorus of soil and the higher dosage further increased these values. The horse manure with sawdust applied in lower dose did not alter the leaves and roots weights, but higher portion (60 t ha-1) caused significantly decreased plant biomass. The results proved that the bedding material may significantly alter the composition of manure and may change the plant nutrition effect of organic fertilizer. Cattle manure and food waste compost in both applied doses enhanced plant growth. Both fertilizers increased the plant available nitrogen forms and phosphorus content of soil, but cattle manure caused higher increase.

Nitrogen release and plant available nitrogen of composted and un‐composted biosolids

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale Oladeji ◽  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Pauline Lindo ◽  
Kuldip Kumar ◽  
Albert Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Release ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen

Matching Plant-Available Nitrogen from Biosolids with Dryland Wheat Needs

jpa ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Cogger ◽  
D. M. Sullivan ◽  
A. I. Bary ◽  
J. A. Kropf
Keyword(s):  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen

Decomposition and Plant-Available Nitrogen in Biosolids

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Gilmour ◽  
Craig G. Cogger ◽  
Lee W. Jacobs ◽  
Gregory K. Evanylo ◽  
Dan M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen

The usability of digestate in organic farming

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1864-1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Clements ◽  
A. M. Salter ◽  
C. J. Banks ◽  
G. M. Poppy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Plant Available Nitrogen ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Weed Emergence

As organic farming prohibits the use of synthetic fertilisers, animal slurries and manures must be used. Digestate offers an alternative to these and this study reports on three experiments conducted to determine its usability in terms of: (1) the effect on earthworm populations, (2) its fertilising effects on Italian Ryegrass and wild Creeping Thistle, and (3) the suppression effects digestate has on weed emergence. The results for digestate application to field plots were intermediate between slurry and no treatment for earthworm attraction and wild thistle suppression. In glasshouse trials it led to increased ryegrass growth compared with undigested slurry. Analysis showed that the digestate had improved nitrogen availability, leading to increased plant growth, but a reduced organic matter content compared with the slurry, leading to a positive though less beneficial impact on the earthworms. Digestate therefore provides a suitable fertiliser for organic farming. This suitability could be improved by drying or separation to increase the OM content making its properties closer to those of slurry whilst still retaining the higher content of plant available nitrogen.

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