Changes in soil macropores: Superposition of the roles of organic nutrient amendments and the greenhouse pattern in vegetable plantations

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingying Xu ◽  
Meiyan Wang ◽  
Yutian Tian ◽  
Xuezheng Shi ◽  
Yijie Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Amendments

Effect of Organic Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Brahmbhatt ◽  
S.K. Acharya ◽  
G.S. Patel ◽  
Chirag Thakar ◽  
N.R. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Organic Nutrient

Background: Organic production of cluster bean is to contribute to the enhancement of production sustainability along with ecology. Sustainability in organic farming must therefore be seen in a holistic sense, which includes ecological, economic and social aspects. A synergistic effectof bio fertilizer with crop increases the crop productivity and sustainability also. Bio fertilizers are low cost, effective and renewable sources of plant nutrients to supplement chemical fertilizers. Therfore to overcome the ill effect of chemical based farming, organic system is becoming the emerging need of the society.Methods: A field experiment ’’was carried out in Pusa Navbahar variety of clusterbean during summer season (February to May) of 2019 at College farm, College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat, India. Sixteen treatments having various combinations of organic sources of nutrients (FYM, vermicompost, and neem cake), bio fertilizers (Rhizobium + PSB + KSM) along with RDF (20/40/0 kg/ha) as a control. They were replicated thrice in a randomized block design having a plot size of 3.0 m × 2.0 m with a spacing of 60 cm × 20 cm. Standard practices were followed during the entire course of the investigation.Result: It showed highly significant differences among different treatments for majority of the growth and yield attributing traits, but treatment T6 (75% N through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB + KSM) was rated as the best treatment for characters like days taken for germination, number of root nodules per plant, plant height at 60 DAS (cm), number of pod per cluster, number of cluster per plant, green pod yield per plant (g), green pod yield per plot (kg) and green pod yield per hectare (kg) as compared to other treatment. It can be concluded that the organic nutrient management in cluster bean with the application of 75% N through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB + KSM is beneficial for obtaining a higher yield.

scholarly journals Response of heterotrophic and autotrophic microbial plankton to inorganic and organic inputs along a latitudinal transect in the Atlantic Ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1701-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Martínez-García ◽  
E. Fernández ◽  
A. Calvo-Díaz ◽  
E. Marañón ◽  
X. A. G. Morán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Growth Efficiency ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Plankton Biomass ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
Microbial Plankton

Abstract. The effects of inorganic and/or organic nutrient inputs on phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria have never been concurrently assessed in open ocean oligotrophic communities over a wide spatial gradient. We studied the effects of potentially limiting inorganic (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, silica) and organic nutrient (glucose, aminoacids) inputs added separately as well as jointly, on microbial plankton biomass, community structure and metabolism in five microcosm experiments conducted along a latitudinal transect in the Atlantic Ocean (from 26° N to 29° S). Primary production rates increased up to 1.8-fold. Bacterial respiration and microbial community respiration increased up to 14.3 and 12.7-fold respectively. Bacterial production and bacterial growth efficiency increased up to 58.8-fold and 2.5-fold respectively. The largest increases were measured after mixed inorganic-organic nutrients additions. Changes in microbial plankton biomass were small as compared with those in metabolic rates. A north to south increase in the response of heterotrophic bacteria was observed, which could be related to a latitudinal gradient in phosphorus availability. Our results suggest that organic matter inputs will result in a predominantly heterotrophic versus autotrophic response and in increases in bacterial growth efficiency, particularly in the southern hemisphere. Subtle differences in the initial environmental and biological conditions are likely to result in differential microbial responses to inorganic and organic matter inputs.

scholarly journals Treatment of overwintering apple leaves to reduce primary inoculum of apple black spot

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
K. Tshomo ◽  
I.J. Horner ◽  
M. Walter ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
M.V. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Primary Inoculum ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Ascospore Production ◽  
Nutrient Amendments

Field trials were conducted in Hawkes Bay and Lincoln into methods of treating overwintering apple leaves to reduce ascospore production by the apple black spot pathogen Venturia inaequalis The leaf treatments comprised three levels of nutrient amendments (including a water control) and five levels of saprophytic fungal isolates (including a nofungus control) in a factorial design Leaves were left to overwinter on the orchard floor and in spring the V inaequalis ascospores released were trapped on glass slides and counted Ascospore numbers were reduced (Plt;005) by the leaf amendment urea which alone caused 73 reduction but not by the BioStarttrade; product The effect of fungal isolates was not significant (P012) although when combined with the water treatment the isolates Chaetomium Phoma and Epicoccum spp and Trametes versicolor reduced numbers of ascospores by 33 27 15 and 28 respectively compared to the nofungus control When combined with urea the Chaetomium isolate reduced ascospore numbers by 92 and 82 compared to the nil fungus/water control treatments in Hawkes Bay and Lincoln respectively indicating that this treatment has potential for reducing primary inoculum of apple black spot

scholarly journals Toward Zero Hunger Through Coupled Ecological Sanitation-Agriculture Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ryals ◽  
Elena Bischak ◽  
Katherine K. Porterfield ◽  
Steven Heisey ◽  
Julie Jeliazovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Human Excreta ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Zero Hunger ◽  
Nutrient Resources

Ecological sanitation (EcoSan) systems capture and sanitize human excreta and generate organic nutrient resources that can support more sustainable nutrient management in agricultural ecosystems. An emerging EcoSan system that is implemented in Haiti and several other contexts globally couples container-based household toilets with aerobic, thermophilic composting. This closed loop sanitation system generates organic nutrient resources that can be used as part of an ecological approach to soil nutrient management and thus has the potential to contribute to Sustainable Development Goals 2 (zero hunger), 6 (clean water and sanitation for all), and 13 (climate change solutions). However, the role of organic nutrient resources derived from human excreta in food production is poorly studied. We conducted a greenhouse experiment comparing the impact of feces-derived compost on crop production, soil nutrient cycling, and nutrient losses with two amendments produced from wastewater treatment (pelletized biosolids and biofertilizer), urea, and an unfertilized control. Excreta-derived amendments increased crop yields 2.5 times more than urea, but had differing carry-over effects. After a one-time application of compost, crop production remained elevated throughout all six crop cycles. In contrast, the carry-over of crop response lasted two and four crop cycles for biosolids and biofertilizer, respectively, and was absent for urea. Soil carbon concentration in the compost amended soils increased linearly through time from 2.0 to 2.5%, an effect not seen with other treatments. Soil nitrous oxide emissions factors ranged from 0.3% (compost) to 4.6% (biosolids), while nitrogen leaching losses were lowest for biosolids and highest for urea. These results indicate that excreta-derived compost provides plant available nutrients, while improving soil health through the addition of soil organic carbon. It also improved biogeochemical functions, indicating the potential of excreta-derived compost to close nutrient loops if implemented at larger scales. If captured and safely treated through EcoSan, human feces produced in Haiti can meet up to 13, 22, and 11% of major crop needs of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, respectively.

scholarly journals EFFECT ORGANIC NUTRIENT HUMIC AND COMPOUND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER IN LEAVES CONTENT FROM ELEMENTS AND TOTAL YIELD CUCUMBER

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-AZZAWI & AL-IBADI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Production ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

This experiment was carried out at the Scientific Research Station of the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Al-Jadiriyah), Spring and Autumn seasons 2015, using to Cucumber hybrid Gazeer, to study effect of adding organic material the vegetative growth of Cucumber. The experiment was conducted as factorial experiment (4x3) with in randomized complete Block design, with three replicates, First factor includes four levels of chemical fertilizer (0, 100%, 50% and 25%) of the recommended doses of fertilizers, The second factor was three levels of organic nutrient humic (0, 5kg ha-1 and 10kg ha-1). The results showed superiority of the treatment of  interaction C1H2 (NPK 100%+10 kg.ha-1 nutrient organic) in leaves content (2.63 and 2.70)%, Phosphorus (0.49 and 0.53)%, Potassium (3.69 and 3.50)%, Magnesium (0.81 and 0.77)%, Iron (192.84 and 187.71) mg kg-1 and Zinc (51.97 and 52.67) mg kg-1, also the same treatment was superiority in total production (42.51 and 30.50) tons for two seasons, spring and autumn respectively.

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