Effects of a plastic cover on soil moisture change in a Mediterranean climatic regime

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Díaz-Hernández ◽  
T. Salmerón
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
Climatic Regime

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Seasonal Soil Moisture Drought Onset and Termination in the Southern Great Plains

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Seager ◽  
Jennifer Nakamura ◽  
Mingfang Ting
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
Southern Plains ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Over Time

AbstractMechanisms of drought onset and termination are examined across North America with a focus on the southern Plains using data from land surface models and regional and global reanalyses for 1979–2017. Continental-scale analysis of covarying patterns reveals a tight coupling between soil moisture change over time and intervening precipitation anomalies. The southern Great Plains are a geographic center of patterns of hydrologic change. Drying is induced by atmospheric wave trains that span the Pacific and North America and place northerly flow anomalies above the southern Plains. In the southern Plains winter is least likely, and fall most likely, for drought onset and spring is least likely, and fall or summer most likely, for drought termination. Southern Plains soil moisture itself, which integrates precipitation over time, has a clear relationship to tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies with cold conditions favoring dry soils. Soil moisture change, however, though clearly driven by precipitation, has a weaker relation to SSTs and a strong relation to internal atmospheric variability. Little evidence is found of connection of drought onset and termination to driving by temperature anomalies. An analysis of particular drought onsets and terminations on the seasonal time scale reveals commonalities in terms of circulation and moisture transport anomalies over the southern Plains but a variety of ways in which these are connected into the large-scale atmosphere and ocean state. Some onsets are likely to be quite predictable due to forcing by cold tropical Pacific SSTs (e.g., fall 2010). Other onsets and all terminations are likely not predictable in terms of ocean conditions.

Estimation of soil moisture change with PALS's L-band radiometer

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Shi ◽  
E.G. Njoku ◽  
K.S. Chen ◽  
T. Jackson ◽  
P. O'neill
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
L Band ◽  
Band Radiometer

EFFECT OF MOISTURE CHANGE AND SALINITY ON THE Mg/Ca RATIO AND RATIO OF Ca/TOTAL CATIONS IN SOIL SOLUTIONS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. CARTER ◽  
G. R. WEBSTER ◽  
R. R. CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Effect Of Moisture ◽  
Cation Ratio

The magnitude of change of the Mg/Ca ratio and ratio of Ca/total cations were determined over the available moisture range in the soil solution of saline (Na, Mg and Ca sulfates) and non-saline soils. Estimates of the soil solution were obtained by displacement with ethanol. As the soil moisture declined in saline or near saline soils, the Mg/Ca ratio and Ca/total cation ratio increased and remained relatively stable, respectively. Saturation paste extracts were found to serve as an indicator to changes in the above ratios.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Capabilities of the ERS Satellites' Active Microwave Instruments for Monitoring Soil Moisture Change

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Blyth
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Satellite Observation ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Radar Altimeter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Moisture Change ◽  
Radar Sensors ◽  
Microwave Radar ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Inversion Modelling

Abstract. The launch of the European Remote sensing Satellite (ERS-1) in July 1991 represented an important turning point in the development of Earth observation as it was the first of a series of satellites which would carry high resolution active microwave (radar) sensors which could operate through the thickest cloudeover and provide continuity of data for at least a decade. This was of particular relevance to hydrological applications, such as soil moisture monitoring, which generally require frequent satellite observations to monitor changes in state. ERS-1 and its successor ERS-2 carry the active microwave instrument (AMI) which operates in 3 modes (synthetic aperture radar, wind scatterometer and wave seatterometer) together with the radar altimeter which may all be useful for the observation of soil moisture. This paper assesses the utility of these sensors through a comprehensive review of work in this field. Two approaches to soil moisture retrieval are identified: 1) inversion modelling, where the physical effects of vegetation and soil roughness on radar backscatter are quantified through the use of multi-frequency and/or multi-polarization sensors and 2) change detection where these effects are normalized through frequent satellite observation, the residual effects being attributed to short-term changes in soil moisture. Both approaches will be better supported by the future European Envisat-l satellite which will provide both multi-polarization SAR and low resolution products which should facilitate more frequent temporal observation.

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