The Impact of Subjective Social Position on Public Evaluations of Police

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Martinez‐Ebers ◽  
Regina Branton ◽  
Brian Calfano
Keyword(s):  
Social Position ◽  
Subjective Social Position ◽  
The Impact

Social skills scores

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-286
Author(s):  
Karien Dekker ◽  
Margje Kamerling
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Population ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Share

Purpose The paper aims to examine to what extent and why parental involvement as well as characteristics of ethnic school population influence social skills scores (social position, behavioural skills) of students. Design/methodology/approach The study used the COOL5-18 database (2010) that included 553 Dutch primary schools and nearly 38,000 students in Grades two, five and eight (aged approximately 5, 8, 11, respectively). Multilevel regression analyses were used for analysis. Findings The findings indicate that parental involvement has a positive impact on the social skills scores of the students; behavioural skill scores are higher in ethnically homogeneous schools and lower in schools with a high share of non-Western ethnic minority students. There is no impact of characteristics of school population composition on social position scores. Research limitations/implications A possible disadvantage is the way in which social skills and parental involvement were measured. These measurements are possibly negatively influenced by the teacher’s judgement of the language skills of the parents. Originality/value Existing research focuses on the impact of parental involvement and the composition of ethnic school population on cognitive skills. This study shows that parental involvement has a positive impact on social skills. This study also shows that in schools with a homogeneous ethnic composition or a high share of native Dutch children, behavioural skills scores are higher, but social position scores are not impacted.

scholarly journals Main motivating factors which affect employee satisfaction: Case studies in DongNai province inspectorate

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (X2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Thang Ngoc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Professional Environment ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to build a theoretical framework to explore some main motivating factors which affect employee satisfaction in DongNai Province Inspectorate. The researcher employs meta-analysis methods to utilise valuable findings from previous overseas and domestic studies. The proposed theoretical framework is based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1943), ERG (1969), Kovach (1987), Public service motivation (1990). Simultaneously, there is a modification in order to fit into the context of DongNai Province Inspectorate. The suggested theoretical model indicates elements including promotion, social position, public serving, interesting work, good relationship and responsibilities. Employee satisfaction in DongNai Province Inspectorate is mostly affected by “interesting work”, because professional environment makes people feel secure to work in an organization. The impact of other factors is in a descending order as follows: promotion, public serving, social position, responsibilities and good relationship.

scholarly journals The Weight of Social Position: the Unequal Health Trajectories of Children With a Diagnosis of Overweight or Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-238
Author(s):  
Andrea Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract This article studies the impact of the social position on the health trajectories of children who follow a therapy for overweight or obesity management. Based on a qualitative study conducted within a Swiss hospital with 29 families, the author explains how the social position influences children’s relationship to health norms. The study results show that children belonging to wealthy families internalize more easily the therapeutic prescriptions in their everyday lives than the children from underprivileged families.

scholarly journals Europeanization process in Hanoi in the early 20th Century – Viewed from changing social position of women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thúy Vy
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Impact

The late nineteenth and early twentieth century was a period that Western culture had a strong influence on East Asia countries. The need for finding new markets and expanding colonies of Western countries made most countries of East Asia were at risk of becoming Western colonies. This historical situation forced East Asia countries - whether they like it or not - to "Europeanize" and to absorb Western civilization achievements to survive. However, whether the impacts of Europeanization on values of culture were positive or negative, the Europeanization was strongly depended on the cultural characteristics and processes in each country. In the early twentieth century, under the impact of the process of Europeanization, large cities in Vietnam - especially Hanoi - greatly transformed the appearance and functions from medieval to early modern cities. Through research on the changing social position of Hanoi women in the process of Europeanization in the early 20th century on four dimensions: Time, space, human, and methods, the paper indicated the reasons, characteristics, rules, trends of the fluctuation of cultural values ​​in Hanoi in the early 20th century under the impact of the Europeanization process.

scholarly journals Bridging the Gap: Making Sense of the Disaccord between Migrants’ Education and Occupation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anica Waldendorf
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
High Regard ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Labour Market Entry ◽  
Economic Improvement

Social mobility is a central topic of interest within sociology and whilst it has been theoretically linked to spatial mobility, there is still little empirical research on the interplay between the two. Using a subsample of highly educated family migrants from a German mixed-methods project, this study qualitatively analyses the impact of geographical mobility on objective social position and on its subjective perception. Six qualitative interviews are analysed and supplemented with descriptive quantitative data from the German Socio-Economic Panel to firstly, reconstruct the spatial mobility trajectories of the individuals and secondly, determine their social position in Germany and ascertain whether they experienced occupational downgrading. These two analyses are integrated to explore how respondents experienced their change in social position. Across the board, respondents migrated as young adults, before or shortly after labour market entry. Five of the participants experienced occupational downgrading. Strikingly, this objective downgrading, whilst acknowledged, was not perceived negatively. The participants constructed a narrative that employed three legitimation strategies to cast their current social position in a positive light: (1) emphasising the rights, stability and security that they experience in Germany, (2) drawing attention to the economic improvement that they experienced and (3) displaying an inner attitude that is marked by modest life aspirations and a high regard for leisure time. By drawing on multinational frames of reference and thus drawing comparisons between their home country and Germany, participants highlighted the experienced benefits.

How Can Migrants’ Language Proficiency Be Measured? A Discussion of Opportunities and Challenges When Studying the Impact of Language Skills on Social Position

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-704
Author(s):  
Isabell Diekmann ◽  
Joanna Jadwiga Fröhlich
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Speaking Proficiency ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
The Impact

Language proficiency is crucial for migrants’ social position in the labour market and therefore plays a key role in the (re-)production of social inequalities in modern societies. There are different ways of capturing language skills in quantitative studies. However, it is important to question the extent to which existing language measures mirror migrants’ realities and relevant linguistic everyday life practices. In our paper, we contribute to this question by disentangling various measures of language proficiency. We use a large sample of migrants in Germany (GSOEP) that contains numerous language measures. We conduct detailed quantitative analyses on how various language variables influence migrants’ social position, by which we mean migrants’ socioeconomic status (as measured by ISEI). The ISEI is mainly based on occupation, but also on education and income. Our findings indicate that especially the self-assessed German speaking proficiency is an important and parsimonious predictor for migrants’ social position in Germany.

BODY MASS INDEX VALUES IN THE GENTRY AND PEASANTRY IN NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY POLAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Czapla ◽  
Grażyna Liczbińska ◽  
Janusz Piontek
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Social Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of social and occupational status on the BMI of the gentry and peasantry in the Kingdom of Poland at the turn of 19th and early 20th centuries. Use was made of data on the height and weight of 304 men, including 200 peasants and 104 gentlemen, and 275 women, including 200 from the peasantry and 75 from the gentry. Gentlemen were characterized by a greater body height than peasants (169.40 cm and 166.96 cm, respectively), a greater body weight (67.09 kg and 60.99 kg, respectively) and a higher BMI (23.33 kg/m2and 21.83 kg/m2, respectively). Landowners and intelligentsia had a greater BMI than peasants (23.12 kg/m2and 24.20 kg/m2vs 21.83 kg/m2, respectively). In the case of women, there were no statistically significant differences in mean height, weight and BMI by their social position, and in BMI by occupational status. Underweight occurred less frequently in the gentry and more frequently in the peasantry (0.97% and 2.04%, respectively). Overweight was five times more common in gentlemen than in peasants (26.21% and 5.10%, respectively). Differences in the BMI of gentlefolk and peasants resulted from differences in diet and lifestyle related to socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals DISCERNING STATUS: SUBJECTIVE SOCIAL POSITION AND COGNITIVE HEALTH AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S816-S816
Author(s):  
Lindsay C Kobayashi ◽  
Guy Harling ◽  
Meagan T Farrell ◽  
Ryan G Wagner ◽  
Lisa F Berkman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Subjective Social Position

Abstract Rapid population aging in high absolute poverty settings, such as much of South Africa, demands new research on the social context factors that affect cognitive aging in these settings. We investigated the relationships between subjective social position within one’s village and cognitive function and impairment, with the rationale that psychosocial stress induced by low relative social position may affect cognitive aging outcomes independently of absolute socioeconomic conditions. Data were from the population-representative HAALSI study of 5,059 adults aged 40+ in rural Agincourt, South Africa. Subjective social position was assessed using the MacArthur Network social ladder, which asks respondents to indicate how high up a ladder they stand, relative to others, in their village. Cognitive function was a composite z-score of time orientation and word recall tests; scores ≤1.5 standard deviations (SD) below the mean indicated cognitive impairment. Twenty percent of those on the bottom rung had cognitive impairment, declining to 2% on the top rung. In regression models adjusted for age, sex, country of birth, education, literacy, marital status, employment, and asset-based household wealth, each ladder rung increase was associated with an 0.05 SD increase in cognitive z-score (95% CI: 0.04-0.06), and a 17% decrease in odds of cognitive impairment (OR=0.83; 95% CI: 0.79-0.88); these associations were greater in magnitude than those for years of education with these cognitive outcomes. Future work should examine if these relationships persist longitudinally, and investigate the mechanisms of these relationships, including village-level contextual factors that may contribute to subjective social position in this setting.

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