Youth unemployment and job insecurity in Europe: Problems, risk factors and policiesBjørn Hvinden, Christer Hyggen, Mi Ah Schoyen and Tomáš SirovátkaElgarCheltenham: Edward . 2019. ISBN: 978788118880; £95 (Hbk)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
Sarah Weakley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Youth Unemployment

The Deterioration of the Spanish Youth Labour Market (1985–2015): An Interdisciplinary Case Study

Young ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Úbeda ◽  
M. Àngels Cabasés ◽  
Malena Sabaté ◽  
Tanja Strecker
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Youth Labour Market ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Youth Labour

The Spanish labour market is notorious for its high unemployment rate and its exceptionally high youth unemployment rate, job insecurity, impermanence and underemployment. This article presents a systematic analysis of the Spanish labour market’s deterioration process, in particular focusing on the youth labour market. It combines historic reviews with statistical analyses of data from official sources, like the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL), through different econometric models. The procedure consists of three steps: (a) first, a historical estimation to facilitate the systematic selection of the statistics, in this case contracts taken from a large sample of the Spanish workforce over the period 1985–2015; (b) econometric modelling of relevant indicators, in this case the average annual income, daily working hours and average length of contract; and (c) an analysis of the identified trends and conjuncture regarding precarious work and gender inequality.

scholarly journals Riscos Psicossociais, Saúde e Bem-estar: análise de uma empresa de Cablagem em Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Jorge Faria ◽  
Paula Veiga ◽  
João Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Leadership Quality ◽  
Health And Well Being

Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the psychosocial risks to which workers in a wiring firm in Portugal are exposed, and to assess their impact in terms of worker’s health and well-being. The exposure to risks, the risk levels and the health and well-being status were self-reported. Methods Data was collected using the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Data analysis was descriptive: the scale’s reliability was assessed, traffic light analysis was performed, and relative risk of exposure to psychosocial risks was calculated. Workers perceive exposure to several psychosocial risks, in particular in the production line and women. In general, the deteriorating psychosocial work environment is associated with lower health and well-being. Results The study identifies job demands and job insecurity as the main psychosocial risk factors. However, some of the risk factors that are perceived less frequently, such as Social Relations and Leadership, Quality of Leadership, Rewards, Work/ Family Conflict and Self-efficacy, have a strong impact on the health and well-being of the workers who perceive them. Conclusions The results highlight the need for a multidimensional approach to the assessment and management of psychosocial risks, to facilitate targeted intervention that take into account different risk factors, as well as different groups of workers.

scholarly journals Salaried Workers’ Self-Perceived Health and Psychosocial Risk in Guayaquil, Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9099
Author(s):  
Antonio Ramón Gómez-García ◽  
Cecilia Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarría ◽  
Christian Arturo Arias-Ulloa ◽  
César Eduardo Espinoza-Samaniego
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Salaried Workers

Self-perceived health is an important indicator of occupational health. This research explored the relationship between poor self-perceived health and exposure to psychosocial risk factors, taking into account potential socio-demographic, occupational, and employment determinants. Using data from the First Survey of Occupational Safety and Health Conditions, covering 1049 salaried workers in Guayaquil, Ecuador, descriptive and stratified binary logistic regression analyses (odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals) were carried out. A significant relationship was found between exposure to psychosocial risk factors and the probability of presenting poor self-perceived health by socio-demographic, occupational, and employment characteristics. Occupational exposure factors to psychosocial risks were predictors of self-perceived ill health and were related to the variables analyzed; the most frequently expressed factors among the respondents were cognitive demands (DCOG) and job insecurity (IL). The results have implications in terms of designing effective workplace interventions pursuant to ensuring the health and well-being of employees.

scholarly journals Association of Work Risk Factors and the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol of a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Moretti Anfossi ◽  
Christian Tobar Fredes ◽  
Eduardo Quiñelen Rojas ◽  
Jamie Ross ◽  
Jenny Head ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Control Studies

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death, representing 31.8% of all global deaths. Several lifestyle behaviours are associated with the development and clinical manifestation of CVDs, however, these behavioural risk factors by themselves do not fully explain the population burden of CVDs. There is increasing recognition that working conditions and risk factors of the work environment are associated with health, including the development of CVDs. We will systematically review observational studies of adults exposed to work risk factors and their association with CVDs.Methods: We will follow the Navigation Guide framework. We will include cohort and case-control studies. The population will be adults of working age (18-65). The exposure will include six categories of work exposure: job strain, effort-reward imbalance, long working hours, job insecurity, shift work and occupational noise; the comparator will be the unexposed group or specified control group. The outcomes will be cerebrovascular diseases, ischaemic heart disease and hypertensive diseases. Published and unpublished studies will be included. The selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, quality assessment and strength of evidence will be carried out by two reviewers independently and disagreements will be solved by a third. Due to the diversity in the populations and exposures in the studies, the synthesis of the results, the quality and the strength of the evidence will be done by a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM), following the SWiM reporting guideline.Discussion: This systematic review will identify and synthesise the evidence for the association between work risk factors and risk of CVDs. This work will underpin and inform a broader objective to examine the effectiveness of interventions to minimise the effects of risk factors for CVDs in workplaces, with the final aim of informing occupational health policies in the future. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020179972.

scholarly journals Medical Student and Physician Burnout in the Gulf Region: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Gulf Region

Background: Physician burnout is highly prevalent throughout medical education, training and practice, and substantially comprises the personal and professional well-being of those affected. This report is the first to comprehensively review published studies on physician burnout coming from the Gulf Region, examining the manner in which burnout is diagnosed, prevalence rates, and unique risk factors. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review on studies of burnout among medical students, residents, general physicians, specialist physicians and consultant physicians in Arab Gulf countries (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Kingdom of Bahrain, Qatar, Yemen and Iraq). Results: Our results demonstrate the increased recognition of, and interest in, physician burnout in the Gulf Region. For the most part, our findings parallel reports from other regions around the world. While there is great variability in the reported rates of burnout, at least in part to the different ways burnout is measure and defined, most studies of medical student, resident and attending-level physicians report burnout rates of between 30-50% in each cohort. Findings related to risk factors are inconsistent. Some reports suggest that working in the same center for long time, time on-call, shift work, tests/examinations, unfair assessment from superiors, lack of support from superiors, work demands affecting personal/home life, less satisfaction with career, less satisfaction with income, disorganized patient flow to clinics, patient pressure and violence, more paper work, less cooperative colleagues and job insecurity all may be related to burnout. Personal factors like having chronic disease, taking psychotropic drugs, smoking, sleeping less than 6 hours, suffering from sleep deprivation, back pain or having social problems also are associated with burnout, while participating in sports and having hobbies seem protective. Paralleling reports from other regions of the globe, burnout in the Gulf Region is associated with physical, psychological and occupational disturbances. Conclusions: This systematic review of burnout in the Gulf Region confirms the universality of physican burnout regardless of age, gender, race, geography, religion, cultural background or positions in the medical job hierarchy, and the critical need to find effective preventative strategies.

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