The Politics of ‘Minimum Wage’ Welfare States: The Changing Significance of the Minimum Wage in the Liberal Welfare Regime

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime

scholarly journals The Less-Known History of the Voluntary Sector in an East Asian Welfare Regime: A South Korean Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Welfare Mix

AbstractAlthough the voluntary sector is internationally valued as an integral component of the welfare mix, studies on East Asian welfare regimes have primarily focused on state-market-family interactions, paying scant attention to the long-standing and pivotal role of voluntary agencies in their construction. This case study illuminates this less-known aspect of modern welfare history in the context of South Korea, with a particular focus on the activities of voluntary organizations. The study categorizes South Korean voluntary associations into four types and examines their different contributions in shaping South Korea’s welfare regime, by applying Young’s framework on government–voluntary organizations relations. This historical exploration on the South Korean voluntary sector aims to deepen understanding of an East Asian welfare state regime. It further suggests that current welfare mix debates, focusing on the service delivery role of voluntary organizations within Western European welfare states, should be broadened.

Are Aging OECD Welfare States on the Path to Gerontocracy?

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARKUS TEPE ◽  
PIETER VANHUYSSE
Keyword(s):  
Median Voter ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Public Pension ◽  
Public Pensions ◽  
Distributive Politics ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Time Period

ABSTRACTSince 1990 the age of the average OECD median voter has increased three times faster than in the preceding 30 years. We use panel data from 1980–2002 to investigate the effects of population aging on both the program size and the benefit generosity of public pensions in 18 OECD countries. Population aging is accompanied by cutting smaller slices out of larger cakes: it increases aggregate spending on pensions but freezes or decreases the generosity of individual benefits. Controlling for political, institutional and time-period effects, we find that public pension efforts are significantly mediated by welfare regime type. Moreover, since the late 1980s pension effort has more fully adopted a retrenchment logic. It is the politics of fiscal and electoral straitjackets, not gerontocracy, which shape public pension spending today. While population aging is accelerating, contrary to alarmist political economy predictions democracies are not yet dominated by a new distributive politics of elderly power.

scholarly journals The Emergence of East Central Europe in a Welfare Regime Typology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Ágnes Orosz
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central European ◽  
State Regime ◽  
East Central European ◽  
Over Time

The paper contributes to the welfare state regime literature by assessing the existence of the East-Central European welfare state regime. The article empirically tests whether East-Central European countries constitute a distinct welfare regime or they can be classified into existing regimes by using hierarchical cluster analysis. The paper defines clusters for two distinct time periods, in order to shed light on the changes over time. The research provides two substantive contributions. First, welfare states in East-Central Europe constitute a distinct welfare state regime only for the period of 2014-2016, and they might be subdivided into two groups: (1) Visegrad countries and (2) Balkan and Baltic countries together. Second, countries within the East-Central European welfare regime has become more similar over time.

5. Varieties

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garland
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
Welfare State Regimes ◽  
The Welfare State

Every developed country has a distinctive welfare state of its own. Welfare states generally rely on the same basic institutions, but these institutions can operate in different ways. Welfare state programmes are government programmes, but while public authority is necessary to establish, fund, and regulate these programmes, the nature of government involvement varies. Three worlds of welfare have been identified: social democratic; conservative; and liberal. ‘Varieties’ describes the welfare state regimes that developed in Sweden, Germany, and the USA, each of which exemplifies one of these ‘worlds’ of welfare. It goes on to consider briefly the welfare regimes beyond the ‘three worlds’ and how Britain’s welfare regime has changed over time.

scholarly journals Public Support for Sustainable Welfare Compared: Links between Attitudes towards Climate and Welfare Policies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fritz ◽  
Max Koch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

The emerging concept of sustainable welfare attempts to integrate environmental sustainability and social welfare research. Oriented at a mid-term re-embedding of Western production and consumption norms into planetary limits, it suggests the development of “eco-social” policies in the rich countries. In this theoretical context, this article empirically investigates the relationships between attitudes towards welfare and climate policy in 23 countries. Using 2016 data from the European Social Survey, we explored patterns of synergy between both kinds of policies as well as effects of crowding-out, where support for one kind of policy involves refusing the other. Since previous research addressed the role of welfare states and their institutional foundations in establishing environmentally sustainable societies, we studied how attitudes towards welfare and climate policies differ according to welfare regime affiliation. Additionally, we examined how a range of socio-demographic and political factors such as class, education, income, and political position shape people’s views on welfare and climate policy goals. The results of a multiple correspondence analysis indicate that the simultaneous support of welfare and climate policies follows welfare regime lines in that this support is the highest among social-democratic countries. However, also some conservative and Mediterranean countries score high in this regard. At the individual level, people with a higher education, employees in socio-cultural professions, and voters of moderate left and green parties display the highest mutual support for welfare and climate policies.

Assessing Welfare State Change: The German Social Insurance State between Reciprocity and Solidarity

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Leitner ◽  
Stephan Lessenich
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
State Change ◽  
Analytic Framework ◽  
Social Policy Reform ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
Different Dimensions

The analytic framework used here to study welfare state change builds upon the distinction of two fundamentally opposed logics of social exchange: the logic of reciprocity and of solidarity. The approach enables to assess the complexity and ambivalence of policy change in advanced welfare states. Using recent social policy reform in Germany as an illustration of the analytical capacity of our approach, it is shown that change can be detected in two different dimensions. One type of change is in the overall mix between reciprocity-based insurance and solidarity-based assistance programmes which makes up the specific profile of a national welfare regime. Another type is in the balance between elements of reciprocity and solidarity within social insurance schemes. This approach can be replicated with any of the developed welfare states of the OECD world.

India's tryst with Modi-fare 2014–19: towards a universalistic welfare regime

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerty Nakray
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Weapon

PurposeThis paper examines India’s tryst with welfare/dis-fare with a specific focus on Modi Sarkar's (2014–2019) dirigiste style reforms. In the welfare regime research, Esping-Andersen (1990) classified advanced economies into three ideal-types of liberal, conservative-corporatist and social-democratic welfare states by government-led welfare provisions and levels of decommodification. The classical typology discussions include countries such as India which is classified as informal-insecurity regime due to a large informal economy with no social security for workers. Based on theoretical standpoints of the political economy of welfare states, comparative historical institutionalism and critical junctures this article examines Modifare has expanded formal welfare to its citizens.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses crisp-set analysis to examine the social policy developments under Modi's regime in India.FindingsThis paper examines if the centre-right Modi government did bring about a radical departure from UPA I and II lacklustre welfare approach to the more strategic use of welfare reforms as a political weapon on a national scale. It concludes that Modi-fare falls short in being transformatory.Originality/valueThe article is an original contribution to the field of comparative welfare regimes.

Varieties of Scandinavian universalism

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Frederiksen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Universal Model ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Risk Pooling ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Welfare Attitudes

Attitudes research shows that the Scandinavian, universal welfare regime receives strong popular support. Why the inhabitants consider this universal model of welfare appropriate is, however, all but unknown. This paper explores the level of welfare attitudes and welfare legitimacy to investigate the cultural standards of worth which justify the universal welfare state to people in Sweden and Denmark. A total of 115 qualitative interviews conducted in Denmark and Sweden in 2013–2014 are analysed to determine and compare the principles of valuation Danes and Swedes employ in evaluating their universal welfare states. Findings include a general cross-country consensus on generalised reciprocity; however, Swedes emphasise security and emancipation, while, in contrast, Danes emphasise societal efficiency and risk pooling.

From Worlds to Cases: Case Selection and ‘Other Worlds’ in the Welfare Modelling Business

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Case Selection ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
The Common ◽  
Business Needs ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Selection Practices

The case selection issue has long been neglected in cross-national welfare regime studies, despite its importance in securing validity and reliability. This article reviews thirty-three studies that produced their own welfare regime typology, and analyses their case selection practices. They can be divided into five groups in terms of their case sizes: from Esping-Andersen's (1990) original eighteen nations to ‘all’ nations. Three peculiar patterns can be observed in the approaches. First, more than two-thirds of studies still focus on the old set of eighteen nations, arguably ignoring emerging welfare states. Second, theoretical tension exists between ‘isolationists’ and ‘expansionists’ on the exportability of the welfare regime concept to wider cases. Lastly only a few studies have clarified and justified their case selections. It is concluded that the welfare modelling business needs to rectify the common practice of ignoring case selection issues.

Retreating State? Political Economy of Welfare Regime Change in Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Eder
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
State Power ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The State ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Welfare Provision

AbstractInformed by the debates on the transformation of welfare states in advanced industrial economies, this article evaluates the changing role of the state in welfare provision in Turkey. Turkey's welfare state has long been limited and inegalitarian. Strong family ties coupled with indirect and informal channels of welfare (ranging from agricultural subsidies to informal housing—both costly but politically expedient) have compensated for the welfare vacuum. At first glance, Turkey's welfare reform that emerged from the 2000-2001 fiscal crisis appears like a classic case of moving towards a minimalist, 'neoliberal' welfare regime—with increasingly privatized health care and private social insurance. The state retreats via the subcontracting of welfare provision to private actors, growing involvement of charity organizations, and increasing public-private cooperation in education, health, and anti-poverty schemes. Yet, there is also evidence of the expansion of state power. The newly empowered 'General Directorate of Social Assistance and Solidarity (SYDGM)' manages an ever-increasing budget for social assistance, the number of mean-tested health insurance (Green Card) holders explodes, health care expenditures rise substantially, and municipalities become important liaisons for channeling private money and donations for antipoverty purposes. The cumulative effect is an 'institutional welfare-mix' that has actually mutated so as to compensate for the absence of the earlier, politically attractive but fiscally unsustainable welfare conduits. The result has so far been the creation of immense room for political patronage, the expansion of state power, and no significant improvement of welfare governance.

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