scholarly journals Economic and Social Impacts on Well‐Being: A Cross‐National Multilevel Analysis of Determinants of Access to Water and Sanitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-526
Author(s):  
Andrew Hargrove
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts ◽  
Cross National

scholarly journals Factors that determine the sustainability of the basic sanitation service in Manizales

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Castano-Isaza ◽  
María Arango-Ospina ◽  
Diana Cardenas-Villamizar
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
The City

Sewage treatment is one of the great challenges in water management. In this regard, 80% of wastewater is discharged into water sources without any treatment, thus ignoring the fundamental right of access to water and sanitation and its implications for the well-being and development of populations. Colombia since the 50's began the strategy of improving water and sanitation. Seven decades of design and implementation of policies in favor of the expansion of coverage in aqueduct, sewerage and sanitation services, with significant advances for aqueduct and sewerage services and with great challenges facing the need to focus and optimize efforts to be more efficient and make the sanitation. The study and understanding of sustainable basic sanitation was carried out through the search for secondary information carried out in sectoral reports and research documents, where factors that positively or negatively affected the provision of the sanitation service were identified. On the other hand, the understanding of the social and political dynamics of the territory allows in the context of the city of Manizales to identify and analyze the perceptions from the three pillars of sustainability, natural environment, social environment and economic environment of two interest groups in the company Aguas de Manizales SA ESP, provider of the aqueduct and sewerage service in the city, through the application of a user survey and the carrying out of focus groups with institutions and community leaders. Lastly, solutions and strategies are proposed that eliminate causes or reduce the impacts that make it impossible to consolidate the public sanitation service or to maintain it over time.

scholarly journals Challenges of Access to WASH in Schools in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Case Study from Rural Central Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9652
Author(s):  
Zhanerke Bolatova ◽  
Kamshat Tussupova ◽  
Berik Toleubekov ◽  
Kanat Sukhanberdiyev ◽  
Kulyash Sharapatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Access To Water

Safe water and sanitation, which give rise to appropriate hygiene, are fundamental determinants of individual and social health and well-being. Thereby, assessing and widening access to sustainable, durable water and sanitation infrastructure remains a global health issue. Rural areas are already at a disadvantage. Poor access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) can have a major negative effect on students in rural schools. Thus, the paper aims to assess the current condition and the challenge to access WASH in rural Kazakh schools. The study was conducted in three rural schools in Central Kazakhstan. Data were gathered through a survey among pupils, observations of the WASH infrastructure and maintenance, and a face-to-face interview with school administrators. The mean survey response rate was 65% across schools. Results indicated there was no alternative drinking-water source in schools, and 15% of students said they had access to water only occasionally. Half of the students reported that the water was unsafe to drink because of a poor odor, taste, or color. The toilet in school 3 was locked with a key, and a quarter of the students reported there was no access to a key. Moreover, not having gender-separated toilet facilities was a challenge because of the traditional gender norms. Despite the effective regulations and measures of handwashing taken during COVID-19, 27.7% of the students answered that soap was not offered daily in classrooms. Additionally, warm water was only provided in school 2. About 75% of students did not have access to drying materials continuously. The study shows that having the schools’ infrastructure is not enough when characteristics, such as availability, accessibility, maintenance, operation, quality of services, education, and practices, are ignored. Cooperation between local education authorities, school administration, and parents should be encouraged to the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030.

scholarly journals Modelling Human Behaviour in the Digital Era: Economic and Social Impacts

ECONOMICS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena de la Poza ◽  
Lucas Jódar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

Abstract This paper critically analyses the implications the digitalisation process has on individuals and organization ‘s behaviour. The digital era has positive aspects such as the access to information on real time from almost any geographical place combined with the shorten the length of time of processes. In addition, new economic trends and paradigms emerge in the digital era. However, we cannot deny the existence of negative or at least unexpected aspects of the digitalization. This work highlights some of the most alarming aspects of digitization that require the attention and implementation of measures by public authorities to prevent from the collateral damages the digitalisation can produce on citizenship well-being.

scholarly journals Access to water and sanitation in brazilian regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walef Pena Guedes ◽  
Cibele Roberta Sugahara ◽  
Denise Helena Lombardo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Face ◽  
Access To Water

The lack of urban planning combined with the disorderly occupation of large urban centers results in the lack of sanitation services. This condition generates harmful impacts on social well-being and natural resources. The water crisis in Brazilian regions imposed by the serious pollution of water bodies triggers a series of conflicts related to water scarcity and multiple uses. The present study aims to verify the consequences in the generation of diseases in the face of sanitation conditions in Brazilian regions. The method used in this work is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Indicators related to the share of the population with access to water and sewage collection and hospitalizations due to waterborne diseases in the Brazilian regions were analyzed. The sanitation indicators are intended to measure the impacts generated and provide information that can help in the management and sustainable use of water resources in order to establish priority actions for public policies. As a result, it is observed that the issue of universal sanitation that emerges from this discussion should be of interest to the national policy agenda, considering the negative externalities arising from the lack of this service. This argument is based on promoting the dignity of human life as advocated by the 2030 Agenda. It is important to highlight the implications of the precariousness of access to water and sanitation in the context of productive activities and income generation, since the health of workers in the regions most deprived of these services tends to be precarious.

Disparities in access to clean water and sanitation: institutional causes

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 155-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Whitford ◽  
Helen Smith ◽  
Anant Mandawat
Keyword(s):  
National Data ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
Development Path ◽  
Quality Regulation ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National

This paper uses cross-national data from 2002 and 2004 to assess the effects of key institutional variables on the improvement of access to safe water and sanitation. Two key variables of specific interest are a country's commitment to ‘quality regulation’ and the country's long-term development path. The evidence for the impact of those factors on expanding or contracting access to water and sanitation is mixed.

Water and sanitation policies for improving health in South Africa: overcoming the institutional legacy of apartheid

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Sinanovic ◽  
Sandi Mbatsha ◽  
Stephen Gundry ◽  
Jim Wright ◽  
Clas Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The South ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
New Policies

The burden of water-related disease is closely related to both the socio-economic situation and public health issues like access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene services. Poverty eradication, through improved access to water and sanitation, is the South African government's major priority. This is partly achieved through subsidising the cost of water and sanitation provision to the poor in rural areas. Whilst the new policies have made a remarkable impact on improved access to water and sanitation services, a general problem since the new approach in 1994 has been the lack of integration of policies for water and sanitation and health. This paper analyses the policies concerning rural water supply and sanitation in South Africa. It considers the structure of institutions, the division of responsibilities and legislated and financial capacity of the South Africa's water sector. A more integrated approach for the policies aiming at water access, sanitation and health is needed. In addition, as the local government's capacity to implement different programmes is limited, a review of the financing system is necessary.

Framework

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Roe ◽  
Jeffery Round
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

This chapter discusses the channels of impact of an extractives activity on an economy by describing the different routes through which the direct economic and social impacts of these activities might be enhanced. These routes include those that often have the highest political profile, namely spending of government revenues. It also discusses other channels that arguably are far more important, such as the direct effects of corporate spend in local supply chains; the immediate ‘multiplier’ effects of this; the further multipliers that follow from significant income growth; the new downstream activities that may be built on the primary extractive activity; and the externalities that may accrue from the direct boost that a large extractive investment is likely to provide.

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