The Role of Perceived Friendship Self-efficacy as a Protective Factor against the Negative Effects of Social Victimization

Sally Fitzpatrick; Kay Bussey

doi:10.1111/sode.12032

Self-Efficacy as an Agentic Protective Factor against Death Anxiety in PTSD and Psychiatric Co-Morbidity

Psychiatric Quarterly ◽

10.1007/s11126-019-09694-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 165-181

Author(s):

Mark Hoelterhoff ◽

Man Cheung Chung

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Preliminary Finding ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Undergraduate University Students ◽

Life Threatening

AbstractPTSD has profound personal, social and economic impact. Understanding factors that influence strong recovery is a priority for informing the use of limited treatment resources. This study follows up a preliminary finding from Hoelterhoff and Cheung Chung, Psychiatr Q, 88, 635-651, [30] which found that death anxiety is related to PTSD and suggested that self-efficacy may mediate this relationship. Specifically, this study examined self-efficacy as a protective factor in the context of people who have experienced a life-threatening event. 109 undergraduate university students completed self-report questionnaires on, self-efficacy, death anxiety, trauma and well-being as well as a number of demographic factors. Self-efficacy was found that to be significantly and inversely related to death anxiety and psychiatric co-morbidity, but not PTSD. Results were discussed in light of literature regarding death anxiety. It seems that self-efficacy is related to death anxiety and well-being; however, it interacts with these processes independently and not as a mediating factor. More research is needed to understand coping mechanisms that help develop resilience against the negative effects of death anxiety against PTSD and minimize its detrimental impact on mental health.

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Rumination and Sleep Quality Among Older Adults:Examining the Role of Social Support

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa230 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christina M Marini ◽

Stephanie J Wilson ◽

Suyoung Nah ◽

Lynn M Martire ◽

Martin J Sliwinski

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Independent Living ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Spousal Support ◽

Retirement Communities ◽

Negative Effects

Abstract Objectives Although the adverse link between rumination and sleep quality is well established, much of the literature neglects the role of social factors. This study examined the role of older adults’ perceived social support from spouses and from family/friends in modifying the association between trait rumination and sleep quality. Existing hypotheses suggest that social support may play three unique roles, each tested within the current study: (H1) support may act as a protective factor that buffers negative effects of rumination on sleep quality, (H2) support may curtail rumination and, in turn, promote sleep quality, and (H3) rumination may erode support and, in turn, undermine sleep quality. Method Data came from 86 partnered older adults in independent-living or retirement communities (Mage = 75.70 years). We utilized three waves of interview data collected annually between 2017 and 2019. The first hypothesis was tested using moderation in multilevel models; the second two hypotheses were evaluated with prospective associations using multilevel mediation. Results Negative effects of high-trait rumination on time-varying sleep quality were attenuated among those who reported high, stable levels of support from their spouses. Perceived family/friend support did not yield the same protective effect. There was no evidence that support preempted, or was eroded by, rumination. Discussion Perceived spousal support may act as a psychosocial resource that mitigates negative effects of trait rumination on older adults’ sleep quality. Interventions aimed at mitigating maladaptive outcomes of rumination on sleep quality for older adults should consider spousal support as a key target.

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Teacher Support and Student’s Self-efficacy Beliefs

Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education ◽

10.20355/c5x30q ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sid Mitchell ◽

Julie DellaMattera

Keyword(s):

Middle School ◽

Middle School Teachers ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Teacher Support ◽

Efficacy Beliefs ◽

Negative Effects ◽

School Teachers ◽

School Students ◽

Student's Perceptions

Abstract The present study investigated the role of teacher support and its influence on middle school student’s self-efficacy beliefs. A statewide survey of 9,702 urban and rural middle school students found that teacher support declined across the middle school years and that this had negative effects on student self-efficacy beliefs. The data do show that girls received more support than did boys and that girls also had generally higher self-efficacy beliefs than did boys. Overall, the results show that middle school teachers can do more in fostering self-efficacy, particularly in boys, and maintaining support throughout a student’s middle school experience. The present study of student’s perceptions of teacher support over the middle school years is an important step in our ability to understand the complex ways in which teachers influence student’s self-efficacy beliefs.

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Reducing Prejudice Through Narratives

Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications ◽

10.1027/1864-1105/a000249 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 185-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emily Moyer-Gusé ◽

Katherine R. Dale ◽

Michelle Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Intergroup Relations ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intergroup Contact ◽

Contact Hypothesis ◽

Muslim Americans ◽

Intergroup Anxiety ◽

Intergroup Interactions

Abstract. Recent extensions to the contact hypothesis reveal that different forms of contact, such as mediated intergroup contact, can reduce intergroup anxiety and improve attitudes toward the outgroup. This study draws on existing research to further consider the role of identification with an ingroup character within a narrative depicting intergroup contact between Muslim and non-Muslim Americans. Results reveal that identification with the non-Muslim (ingroup) model facilitated liking the Muslim (outgroup) model, which reduced prejudice toward Muslims more generally. Identification with the ingroup model also increased conversational self-efficacy and reduced anxiety about future intergroup interactions – both important aspects of improving intergroup relations.

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