scholarly journals Effects of including sprints during prolonged cycling on hormonal and muscular responses and recovery in elite cyclists

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicki Winfield Almquist ◽  
Stian Ellefsen ◽  
Øyvind Sandbakk ◽  
Bent R. Rønnestad
Keyword(s):  
Elite Cyclists ◽  
Muscular Responses

scholarly journals Systemic and muscular responses to effort‐matched short intervals and long intervals in elite cyclists

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1140-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicki W. Almquist ◽  
Håvard Nygaard ◽  
Geir Vegge ◽  
Daniel Hammarström ◽  
Stian Ellefsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Intervals ◽  
Elite Cyclists ◽  
Muscular Responses

The anthropometric profile of Italian elite cyclists

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizio Ripari ◽  
Joan Viciano ◽  
Matteo Mazzia ◽  
Mario Pasquali ◽  
Giorgia Di Domizio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropometric Profile ◽  
Elite Cyclists

Seasonal changes in aerobic fitness indices in elite cyclists

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Sassi ◽  
Franco M. Impellizzeri ◽  
Andrea Morelli ◽  
Paolo Menaspà ◽  
Ermanno Rampinini
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Elite Cyclists

The primary purpose of this study was to compare seasonal changes in cycling gross efficiency (GE) and economy (EC) with changes in other aerobic fitness indices. The secondary aim was to assess the relationship between maximum oxygen consumption, GE, and EC among elite cyclists. The relationships of maximum oxygen consumption with GE and EC were studied in 13 cyclists (8 professional road cyclists and 5 mountain bikers). Seasonal changes in GE and EC, predicted time to exhaustion (pTE), maximum oxygen consumption, and respiratory compensation point (RCP) were examined in a subgroup of 8 subjects, before (TREST) and after (TPRECOMP) the pre-competitive winter training, and during the competitive period (TCOMP). GE and EC were assessed during a constant power test at 75% of peak power output (PPO). Significant main effect for time was found for maximum oxygen consumption (4.623 ± 0.675, 4.879 ± 0.727, and 5.010 ± 0.663 L·min–1; p = 0.028), PPO (417.8 ± 46.5, 443.0 ± 48.0, and 455 ± 48 W; p < 0.001), oxygen uptake at RCP (3.866 ± 0.793, 4.041 ± 0.685, and 4.143 ± 0.643 L·min–1; p = 0.049), power output at RCP (330 ± 64, 354 ± 52, and 361 ± 50 W; p < 0.001), and pTE (17 ± 4, 30 ± 8, and 46 ± 17 min; p < 0.001). No significant main effect for time was found in GE (p = 0.097) or EC (p = 0.225), despite within-subject seasonal changes. No significant correlations were found between absolute maximum oxygen consumption and GE (r = –0.276; p = 0.359) or EC (r = –0.328; p = 0.272). However, cyclists with high maximum oxygen consumption values (i.e., over 80 mL·kg–1·min–1), showed low efficiency rates. Despite within-subject seasonal waves in cycling efficiency, changes in GE and EC should not be expected as direct consequence of changes in other maximal and submaximal parameters of aerobic fitness (i.e., maximum oxygen consumption and RCP).

scholarly journals Muscular responses during motor imagery as a function of muscle contraction types

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guillot ◽  
F. Lebon ◽  
D. Rouffet ◽  
S. Champely ◽  
J. Doyon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Muscular Responses

scholarly journals Influence of COVID-19 Restrictions on Training and Physiological Characteristics in U23 Elite Cyclists

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Peter Leo ◽  
Iñigo Mujika ◽  
Justin Lawley
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
Elite Cyclists

PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated mobility restrictions caused many athletes to adjust or reduce their usual training load. The aim of this study was to investigate how the COVID-19 restrictions affected training and performance physiology measures in U23 elite cyclists. METHODS: Twelve U23 elite cyclists (n = 12) participated in this study (mean ± SD: Age 21.2 ± 1.2 years; height 182.9 ± 4.7 cm; body mass 71.4 ± 6.5 kg). Training characteristics were assessed between 30 days pre, during, and post COVID-19 restrictions, respectively. The physiological assessment in the laboratory was 30 days pre and post COVID-19 restrictions and included maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), peak power output for sprint (SprintPmax), and ramp incremental graded exercise (GXTPmax), as well as power output at ventilatory threshold (VT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP). RESULTS: Training load characteristics before, during, and after the lockdown remained statistically unchanged (p > 0.05) despite large effects (>0.8) with mean reductions of 4.7 to 25.0% during COVID-19 restrictions. There were no significant differences in maximal and submaximal power outputs, as well as relative and absolute V̇O2max between pre and post COVID-19 restrictions (p > 0.05) with small to moderate effects. DISCUSSION: These results indicate that COVID-19 restrictions did not negatively affect training characteristics and physiological performance measures in U23 elite cyclists for a period of <30 days. In contrast with recent reports on professional cyclists and other elite level athletes, these findings reveal that as long as athletes are able to maintain and/or slightly adapt their training routine, physiological performance variables remain stable.

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