Opioid use as a proximal risk factor for suicidal behavior in young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marengo ◽  
Antoine Douaihy ◽  
Yongqi Zhong ◽  
Katie Krancevich ◽  
Bradley Brummit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Proximal Risk Factor

scholarly journals Why should medical students (not) be recruited to care for patients with COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bank ◽  
Marjo Wijnen-Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Worldwide it is being discussed whether medical students might be of help during the present COVID-19 epidemic. Although this question is probably a legitimate one, one should however discuss this thoroughly before deciding whether medical students are to be included in this kind of medical care on a larger scale. Various arguments should be weighted, and potential tasks should be chosen carefully. This period could however be also an opportunity for medical students to learn things they would probably never learn about. Nevertheless, medical students have a deficit concerning knowledge about epidemics, and they are also not really well skilled in many hygiene measures. Furthermore, some of the known medical students’ behaviour could be a risk factor for further spread of the virus as well. Then, young adults are at risk of getting infected themselves. Last but not least, medical students in general are under a great deal of pressure from their studies which could lead to the development of anxiety and other mental disorders. One could only speculate on the effects of this epidemic on their further mental well-being. Therefore, medical students participating in direct care of patients with COVID-19 should first be trained well, and then properly supervised at all times. Only then it might be a really useful and exceptional experience, for healthcare, medical schools as well as for society.

Suicide attempt in alcohol use disorder and Wernicke encephalopathy: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S599-S599
Author(s):  
L. Espinosa ◽  
A. Fortea ◽  
G. Oriolo ◽  
M. Balcells ◽  
C. Oliveras
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Wernicke Encephalopathy ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Concomitant Condition ◽  
Image Volume

BackgroundThe relation between alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior is well known and alcohol consumption is a risk factor to take in consideration in order to prevent suicidal attempts. Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a common acute neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency frequently associated with alcohol use disorder and often infra-diagnosed. Just few cases are reported about the possible correlation between suicidal behaviour and Wernicke encephalopathy.ObjectiveTo describe the possible association between suicidal attempts and Wernicke encephalopathy.MethodsWe report the case of a 57 year old man, with past diagnosis of disthymia and amphetamine abuse disorder, and a history of bariatric surgery, who was hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of hospital clinic for a suicidal attempt by mean of metro railway precipitation. He presented two episodes of psychomotor agitation in the context of an abstinence syndrome that reverted with midazolam continuous perfusion and clonazepam 8 mg per day. Consequently to medical improvement, he was moved to Psychiatry Unit of Addictive Behavior and finally diagnosed with alcohol use disorder.ResultsIn the physical exam, bilateral nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia were observed. Signs of malnutrition were detected in the blood analysis. In a brain magnetic resonance image, volume deficits in the mammillary bodies, thalamus, cortex and corpus callosum, as well as peri-aqueductal altered signal were observed, all signs compatible with Wernicke encephalopathy diagnoses.ConclusionsWernicke encephalopathy is a frequent concomitant condition in patients with alcohol use disorder. The consequent cognitive decline could represent an independent added risk factor for suicidal behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Risk of suicide attempts in adolescents and young adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Lin Huang ◽  
Han-Ting Wei ◽  
Ju-Wei Hsu ◽  
Ya-Mei Bai ◽  
Tung-Ping Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

BackgroundAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increases the risk of suicidal behaviours through psychiatric comorbidities; however, a significant direct association has not been observed between ADHD and suicide attempts.AimsTo evaluate the risk of suicide attempt in adolescents and young adults with ADHD.MethodUsing a nationwide, population-based insurance claims database, this longitudinal cohort study enrolled 20 574 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 61 722 age- and gender-matched controls between 2001 and 2009. Any suicide attempt was identified from enrolment to 31 December 2011. The association between ADHD medications and the likelihood of suicide attempt was assessed.ResultsADHD was an independent risk factor for any suicide attempt (hazard ratio = 3.84, 95% CI = 3.19–4.62) and repeated suicide attempts (hazard ratio = 6.52, 95% CI = 4.46–9.53). Subgroup analyses of men, women, adolescents and young adults demonstrated the same trend. Methylphenidate or atomoxetine treatment did not increase the risk of suicide attempt or repeated suicide attempts. Long-term methylphenidate treatment was associated with a significantly decreased risk of repeated suicide attempts in men (hazard ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22–0.97).ConclusionADHD was a risk factor for suicide attempt and a stronger predictor of repeated suicide attempts, independent of comorbidities. Further investigation is warranted to explore the mechanism underlying the association between ADHD and suicidal behaviours.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Cumulative Childhood Adversity as a Risk Factor for Common Chronic Pain Conditions in Young Adults

Pain Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dokyoung S You ◽  
Sergiu Albu ◽  
Hans Lisenbardt ◽  
Mary W Meagher
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Chronic Pain Conditions

scholarly journals Evaluating Opioid Dispensing Rates among Pediatrics and Young Adults based on CURES Data Reporting in California from 2015-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Michael Phan ◽  
Courtney Wong ◽  
Daniel Tomaszewski ◽  
Zeev Kain ◽  
Brooke Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Utilization Review ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Rates

Background Receipt of opioid prescriptions in pediatric and young adult patients may be a risk factor for future opioid misuse. Data from prescription drug monitoring programs provide insight on outpatient opioid use. In our study, we analyzed the opioid dispensing rates for pediatrics and young adults in California. Methods A secondary analysis was performed from 2015-2019 using Controlled Utilization Review and Evaluation System data. This database provides dispensing data of controlled substances in California. Patients younger than 25 years who were prescribed opiates were analyzed by county. We further divided them into two groups (children: ≤14 years; adolescents and young adult: 15-24 years). Descriptive statistics and heat maps were used to illustrate the trends in opioid usage among different age groups. Results The overall percentages for the number of opioids being dispensed to patients aged <25 years have decreased over the past four years. In 2015, 6 out of 58 counties in California were considered “high-rate” with >2.9% of opioids dispensed to patients younger than 25 years old; in 2019, this number reduced to zero. Patients 25 and older received a higher proportion of opioids compared to younger populations; in 2019, 35.91% of opioids were dispensed to patients 45-64, and 8.92% to patients younger than 25. Conclusion Pediatric opioid prescriptions have declined over the recent years. However, a high degree of variability of prescription rates between demographic counties was noted. More studies are warranted in order to understand this discrepancy in opioid prescribing among pediatric and young adult patients.

Pacemaker Implantation as a Risk Factor for Heart Failure in Young Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
JORG NOTHROFF ◽  
KAMBIZ NOROZI ◽  
VALENTIN ALPERS ◽  
JAN O. ARNHOLD ◽  
ARMIN WESSEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation

Chronic preoperative opioid use is a risk factor for increased complications, resource use, and costs after cervical fusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Jain ◽  
John L. Brock ◽  
Frank M. Phillips ◽  
Tristan Weaver ◽  
Safdar N. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Cervical Fusion ◽  
Opioid Use
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