scholarly journals COVID‐19 Immunopathology with emphasis on Th17 response and Cell‐based Immunomodulation Therapy: Potential Targets and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Pourgholaminejad ◽  
Saghar Pahlavanneshan ◽  
Mohsen Basiri
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Response

scholarly journals The Role of Th17 Response in COVID-19

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550
Author(s):  
Diana Martonik ◽  
Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda ◽  
Magdalena Rogalska ◽  
Robert Flisiak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
System Response ◽  
Th17 Response ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Cytokine Cascade ◽  
Necrosis Factor

COVID-19 is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory system caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infections occurs through droplets and contaminated objects. A rapid and well-coordinated immune system response is the first line of defense in a viral infection. However, a disturbed and over-activated immune response may be counterproductive, causing damage to the body. Severely ill patients hospitalised with COVID-19 exhibit increased levels of many cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Increasing evidence suggests that Th17 cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, not only by activating cytokine cascade but also by inducing Th2 responses, inhibiting Th1 differentiation and suppressing Treg cells. This review focuses on a Th17 pathway in the course of the immune response in COVID-19, and explores plausible targets for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Zenobia ◽  
Karla-Luise Herpoldt ◽  
Marcelo Freire
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Th17 Response

AbstractMucosal tissues act as a barrier throughout the oral, nasopharyngeal, lung, and intestinal systems, offering first-line protection against potential pathogens. Conventionally, vaccines are applied parenterally to induce serotype-dependent humoral response but fail to drive adequate mucosal immune protection for viral infections such as influenza, HIV, and coronaviruses. Oral mucosa, however, provides a vast immune repertoire against specific microbial pathogens and yet is shaped by an ever-present microbiome community that has co-evolved with the host over thousands of years. Adjuvants targeting mucosal T-cells abundant in oral tissues can promote soluble-IgA (sIgA)-specific protection to confer increased vaccine efficacy. Th17 cells, for example, are at the center of cell-mediated immunity and evidence demonstrates that protection against heterologous pathogen serotypes is achieved with components from the oral microbiome. At the point of entry where pathogens are first encountered, typically the oral or nasal cavity, the mucosal surfaces are layered with bacterial cohabitants that continually shape the host immune profile. Constituents of the oral microbiome including their lipids, outer membrane vesicles, and specific proteins, have been found to modulate the Th17 response in the oral mucosa, playing important roles in vaccine and adjuvant designs. Currently, there are no approved adjuvants for the induction of Th17 protection, and it is critical that this research is included in the preparedness for the current and future pandemics. Here, we discuss the potential of oral commensals, and molecules derived thereof, to induce Th17 activity and provide safer and more predictable options in adjuvant engineering to prevent emerging infectious diseases.

Baicalin Alleviates Silica-Induced Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Th17 Response in C57BL/6 Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 3049-3057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Liu ◽  
Wujing Dai ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Fangwei Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Th17 Response

scholarly journals Interleukin-1 Receptor and Caspase-1 Are Required for the Th17 Response in Nitrogen Dioxide–Promoted Allergic Airway Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Martin ◽  
Jennifer L. Ather ◽  
Lennart K. A. Lundblad ◽  
Benjamin T. Suratt ◽  
Jonathan E. Boyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Allergic Airway Disease ◽  
Th17 Response ◽  
Caspase 1

scholarly journals Rheumatoid arthritis bone marrow environment supports Th17 response

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kuca-Warnawin ◽  
Weronika Kurowska ◽  
Monika Prochorec-Sobieszek ◽  
Anna Radzikowska ◽  
Tomasz Burakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Th17 Response

The effects of chrysophanol on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic lung toxicology by inhibiting Th17 response

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Zhang ◽  
Yafan Song ◽  
Congxia Wang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Huafeng Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Response

Th17 Response of Borderline-Lepromatous Leprosy Inhibits Rash Manifestation of Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara de Nardo Vanzela ◽  
Fred Bernardes Filho ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Wambier ◽  
Francesca Maia Faria ◽  
Norma Tiraboschi Foss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Th17 Response

scholarly journals The Endogenous Th17 Response in NO2-Promoted Allergic Airway Disease Is Dispensable for Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Distinct from Th17 Adoptive Transfer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e74730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Martin ◽  
Jennifer L. Ather ◽  
Rebecca Daggett ◽  
Laura Hoyt ◽  
John F. Alcorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adoptive Transfer ◽  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Allergic Airway Disease ◽  
Th17 Response
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