scholarly journals Plasma levels of innate immune mediators are associated with liver fibrosis in low parasite burden Schistosoma mansoni- infected individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. e12642 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Rodrigues Oliveira ◽  
M. M. Teixeira ◽  
J. R. Lambertucci ◽  
C. M. F. Antunes ◽  
M. Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Mediators

scholarly journals Ameliorative effects of Schisandrin B on Schistosoma mansoni-induced hepatic fibrosis in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0009554
Author(s):  
Ho Yin Pekkle Lam ◽  
Ting-Ruei Liang ◽  
Shih-Yi Peng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Schisandrin B ◽  
Male Adult

Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria as the most devastating parasitic disease in the world. It is caused by the helminths Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni), S. haematobium, or S. japonicum. Typically, patients with schistosomiasis suffer from symptoms of liver fibrosis and hepatosplenomegaly. Currently, patients were treated with praziquantel. Although praziquantel effectively kills the worm, it cannot prevent re-infection or resolve liver fibrosis. Also, current treatment options are not ample to completely cure liver fibrosis and splenic damages. Moreover, resistance of praziquantel has been reported in vivo and in vitro studies. Therefore, finding new effective treatment agents is urgently needed. Schisandrin B (Sch B) of Schisandra chinensis has been shown to protect against different liver injuries including fatty liver disease, hepatotoxicity, fibrosis, and hepatoma. We herein investigate the potential of using Sch B to treat S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis. Results from the present study demonstrate that Sch B is beneficial in treating S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis and splenic damages, through inhibition of inflammasome activation and apoptosis; and aside from that regulates host immune responses. Besides, Sch B treatment damages male adult worm in the mice, consequently helps to reduce egg production and lessen the parasite burden.

scholarly journals Contributions of Electron Microscopy to Understand Secretion of Immune Mediators by Human Eosinophils

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana C.N. Melo ◽  
Ann M. Dvorak ◽  
Peter F. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractMechanisms governing secretion of proteins underlie the biologic activities and functions of human eosinophils, leukocytes of the innate immune system, involved in allergic, inflammatory, and immunoregulatory responses. In response to varied stimuli, eosinophils are recruited from the circulation into inflammatory foci, where they modulate immune responses through the release of granule-derived products. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the only technique that can clearly identify and distinguish between different modes of cell secretion. In this review, we highlight the advances in understanding mechanisms of eosinophil secretion, based on TEM findings, that have been made over the past years and that have provided unprecedented insights into the functional capabilities of these cells.

Prevention and treatment of Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina S. El-Agamy ◽  
Abdelhadi M. Shebl ◽  
Shehta A. Said
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Houttuynia cordatamodulates oral innate immune mediators: potential role of herbal plant on oral health

Oral Diseases ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Satthakarn ◽  
WO Chung ◽  
A Promsong ◽  
W Nittayananta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Herbal Plant

scholarly journals The immunomodulatory activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides reduces the parasite burden and hepatic granulomatous inflammation in Schistosoma mansoni-infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 113287 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues ◽  
Paula Sibelly Veras Albuquerque ◽  
Johnny R Nascimento ◽  
Jaianna Andressa Viana Campos ◽  
Andressa S S Godinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides

scholarly journals Regression of Schistosoma mansoni associated morbidity among Ugandan preschool children following praziquantel treatment: A randomised trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259338
Author(s):  
Allen Nalugwa ◽  
Edridah Muheki Tukahebwa ◽  
Annette Olsen ◽  
Fred Nuwaha
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Praziquantel Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liver Enlargement

Preschool children suffer from morbidity attributable to Schistosoma mansoni. We compared a single and double dose of praziquantel treatment on the regression of S. mansoni associated morbidity in children less than six years in Uganda. We measured the sizes of spleen and liver as well as liver fibrosis before treatment and 8 months after treatment among children who either received one dose (n = 201) or two doses (n = 184) of praziquantel (standard oral dose of 40 mg/kg body weight). Heamoglobin measurements were also taken. Overall, liver enlargement reduced from 52.2% (95% CI (Confidence interval) 45.1, 59.3) to 17.9% (95% CI 12.9, 23.9) with a single dose and from 48.4 (95% CI 40.9, 55.8) to 17.9% (95% CI 12.7, 24.3) with a double dose and there was no significant difference between the changes in proportion of children with enlarged liver between the two treatment groups. The proportion of children with enlarged spleen was not significantly reduced in the group treated with either one or two doses, 47.8% (95% CI 41.7, 54.9) to 45.3% (95% CI 38.3, 52.4) and 48.4% (95% CI 40.9,55.8) to 40.8% 95% CI 33.6, 48.2), respectively. Liver fibrosis detected among children getting single dose (n = 9) or double doses (n = 13) resolved after treatment with praziquantel. The number of children with low heamoglobin significantly reduced from 51.2% (95% CI 44.1, 58.3) to 0.5% (0.2, 0.8) and 61.4% (95% CI 53.9,68.5) to 1.1% (95% CI 0.1, 3.9) after single and double dose treatment, respectively. These results suggest that there is no evidence of a difference in effect between one dose of praziquantel and two doses in reversing morbidity attributable to S. mansoni among children less than six years of age.

scholarly journals Complementary effect of Capparis spinosa L. and silymarin with/without praziquantel on mice experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
S. S. El-Hawary ◽  
K. F. Taha ◽  
F. N. Kirillos ◽  
A. A. Dahab ◽  
A. A. El-Mahis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Serum Aminotransferases

SummarySchistosomiasis remains to be the most common fibrotic disease resulting from inflammation and deposition of scar tissue around trapped parasitic eggs in the liver. Though chemotherapy eradicates matured worms efficiently and prevents the accumulation ofschistosomeeggs, fewer effective drugs are directed to reverse the present hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, treatment targeting hepatic fibrosis associated with schistosomiasis remains a challenging proposition.The present study was designed to investigate the potential complementary schistosomicidal and hepatoprotective activities of the methanol extract ofCapparis spinosaL. (C. spinosa) with or without praziquantel (PZQ) and compare results with silymarin (Milk thistle), a known hepatoprotective and antifibrotic agent, on induced liver fibrosis by experimentalSchistosoma mansoni(S. mansoni) infection. Total polyphenols in the extract were determined using colorimetric assay.C. spinosaL. caused a partial decrease in worm burden; a statistically significant reduction in hepatic and intestinal tissue egg load, what was associated histopathologically with decreasing in both the number and diameter of granulomas, as well as restoring serum aminotransferases (AST & ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and improving liver albumin synthesis. The best results were obtained in the group of mice treated withC. spinosaL. and PZQ together. Quantitative estimation of total polyphenols content using colorimetric assay showed thatC. spinosaL. leaves contain higher concentration of polyphenolic compounds than fruits.It was concluded thatC. spinosaL. has a promising hepatoprotective and antifibrotic properties and could be introduced as a safe and effective therapeutic tool with PZQ in the treatment of schistosomal liver fibrosis. Nevertheless further studies on the mechanism of action ofC. spinosaL. in chronic liver diseases may shed light on developing therapeutic methods in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Sonographic prediction of variceal bleeding in patients with liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma mansoni

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richter ◽  
A. R. Correia Dacal ◽  
J. G. Vergetti Siqueira ◽  
G. Poggensee ◽  
U. Mannsmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Variceal Bleeding

scholarly journals Antiviral immunity is impaired in COPD patients with frequent exacerbations

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. L893-L903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aran Singanayagam ◽  
Su-Ling Loo ◽  
Maria Calderazzo ◽  
Lydia J. Finney ◽  
Maria-Belen Trujillo Torralbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Type I ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Copd Patients

Patients with frequent exacerbations represent a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subgroup requiring better treatment options. The aim of this study was to determine the innate immune mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to frequent exacerbations in COPD. We measured sputum expression of immune mediators and bacterial loads in samples from patients with COPD at stable state and during virus-associated exacerbations. In vitro immune responses to rhinovirus infection in differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) sampled from patients with COPD were additionally evaluated. Patients were stratified as frequent exacerbators (≥2 exacerbations in the preceding year) or infrequent exacerbators (<2 exacerbations in the preceding year) with comparisons made between these groups. Frequent exacerbators had reduced sputum cell mRNA expression of the antiviral immune mediators type I and III interferons and reduced interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression when clinically stable and during virus-associated exacerbation. A role for epithelial cell-intrinsic innate immune dysregulation was identified: induction of interferons and ISGs during in vitro rhinovirus (RV) infection was also impaired in differentiated BECs from frequent exacerbators. Frequent exacerbators additionally had increased sputum bacterial loads at 2 wk following virus-associated exacerbation onset. These data implicate deficient airway innate immunity involving epithelial cells in the increased propensity to exacerbations observed in some patients with COPD. Therapeutic approaches to boost innate antimicrobial immunity in the lung could be a viable strategy for prevention and treatment of frequent exacerbations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document