scholarly journals Antigenicity and Epitope Specificity of ZnT8 Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Skärstrand ◽  
Å. Lernmark ◽  
F. Vaziri-Sani
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Epitope Specificity ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

scholarly journals Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) autoantibody prevalence in black South African participants with type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sureka Bhola ◽  
Eleanor M Cave ◽  
Sindeep Bhana ◽  
Nigel J Crowther ◽  
Carolyn J Padoa
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
South African ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Black South African ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

Abstract Background Autoantibodies to β-cell specific antigens are markers of type 1 diabetes. The most recently identified autoantibodies are targeted to the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) protein located in the membrane of β-cell insulin secretory granules. The prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibodies in newly diagnosed participants with type 1 diabetes has been found to range from 33 to 80 %. Due to the lack of data on the immunological aetiology of type 1 diabetes in African populations, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibodies in black South Africans with type 1 diabetes and whether ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was associated with age at diagnosis and disease duration. Methods Participants with type 1 diabetes and controls were recruited from the greater Johannesburg area, South Africa. Positivity for ZnT8, GAD65 and IA2 autoantibodies was determined by ELISA. Results Participants with type 1 diabetes (n = 183) and controls (n = 49) were matched for age (29.1 ± 9.53 vs. 27.3 ± 7.29, respectively; p = 0.248). The mean age at diagnosis for participants with type 1 diabetes was 20.8 ± 8.46 years. The prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was 17.5 % (32 of 183) in participants with type 1 diabetes with a median disease duration of 7.00 [2.00; 11.0] years. ZnT8 autoantibody prevalence in newly diagnosed participants (< 1 year duration) was 27.3 % (6 of 22). Logistic regression analysis found an association between ZnT8 autoantibody positivity and shorter disease duration (OR: 0.9 (0.81-1.00); p = 0.042). In addition, ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was significantly associated with an increased chance of being GAD65 (OR: 3.37 (1.10–10.3)) and IA2 (OR: 8.63 (2.82–26.4)) autoantibody positive. Multiple regression analysis found no association between ZnT8 autoantibody positivity and age at diagnosis. However, the presence of ≥ 2 autoantibodies was associated with a younger age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes when compared to participants with ≤ 1 autoantibody (B = -5.270; p = 0.002). Conclusions The presence of ZnT8 autoantibodies was not related to a younger age at diagnosis in black South African patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the greater the numbers of autoantibodies present in an individual the earlier the age at diagnosis. ZnT8 autoantibodies decline with disease duration in the black South African population.

159-LB: High-Affinity ZnT8 Autoantibodies by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Improve the Risk Prediction for Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 159-LB
Author(s):  
XIAOFAN JIA ◽  
LING HE ◽  
DONGMEI MIAO ◽  
KATHLEEN WAUGH ◽  
CRISTY GENO RASMUSSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

scholarly journals High-affinity ZnT8 autoantibodies by electrochemiluminescence assay improve risk prediction for type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Jia ◽  
Ling He ◽  
Dongmei Miao ◽  
Kathleen Waugh ◽  
Cristy Geno Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Islet Autoantibody ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

Abstract Background The risk of progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) in subjects positive only for ZnT8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) is currently not known. Methods We developed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay to detect high-affinity ZnT8A and validated it in three populations: 302 patients newly diagnosed with T1D, 135 non-diabetic children positive for ZnT8A by standard radio-binding assay (RBA) among 23400 children screened by the Autoimmunity Screening for Kids (ASK), and 123 non-diabetic children multiple autoantibody positive or single ZnT8A positive by RBA participating in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY). Results In 302 patients with T1D at diagnosis, the positivity for ZnT8A was 62% in both RBA and ECL. Among ASK 135 participants positive for RBA-ZnT8A, 64 were detected ZnT8A as the only islet autoantibody. Of these 64, only 9 were confirmed by ECL-ZnT8A, found to be of high affinity with increased T1D risk. Overall positive predictive value of ECL-ZnT8A for T1D risk was 87.1%, significantly higher than that of RBA-ZnT8A (53.5%, P&lt;0.0001). In DAISY, 11/2547 children who had no positivity previously detected for other islet autoantibodies were identified as single ZnT8A by RBA; of these, three were confirmed positive by ECL-ZnT8A and all three progressed to clinical T1D. Conclusions Large proportion of ZnT8A by RBA are single ZnT8A with low T1D risk while ZnT8A by ECL were of high-affinity and high prediction for T1D development.

High-Affinity ZnT8 Autoantibodies by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Improve the Risk Prediction for Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Jia ◽  
Ling He ◽  
Dongmei Miao ◽  
Kathleen Waugh ◽  
Cristy Geno Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

scholarly journals GAD Autoantibody Affinity and Epitope Specificity Identify Distinct Immunization Profiles in Children at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mayr ◽  
M. Schlosser ◽  
N. Grober ◽  
H. Kenk ◽  
A. G. Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Epitope Specificity

Triple specificity of ZnT8 autoantibodies in relation to HLA and other islet autoantibodies in childhood and adolescent type 1 diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Andersson ◽  
F Vaziri-Sani ◽  
AJ Delli ◽  
B Lindblad ◽  
A Carlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Islet Autoantibodies ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies

scholarly journals Genetic association of zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes cases

Diabetologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1978-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. M. Howson ◽  
S. Krause ◽  
H. Stevens ◽  
D. J. Smyth ◽  
J. M. Wenzlau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Zinc Transporter ◽  
Zinc Transporter 8 ◽  
Znt8 Autoantibodies
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