Age-Structured Within-Host HIV Dynamics with Multiple Target Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Yijun Lou ◽  
Xinyu Song
Keyword(s):  
Target Cells ◽  
Multiple Target ◽  
Hiv Dynamics ◽  
Age Structured

scholarly journals Avian sarcoma leukosis virus receptor-envelope system for simultaneous dissection of multiple neural circuits in mammalian brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (22) ◽  
pp. E2947-E2956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Matsuyama ◽  
Yohei Ohashi ◽  
Tadashi Tsubota ◽  
Masae Yaguchi ◽  
Shigeki Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Multiple Target ◽  
Neuronal Systems ◽  
Avian Sarcoma

Pathway-specific gene delivery is requisite for understanding complex neuronal systems in which neurons that project to different target regions are locally intermingled. However, conventional genetic tools cannot achieve simultaneous, independent gene delivery into multiple target cells with high efficiency and low cross-reactivity. In this study, we systematically screened all receptor–envelope pairs resulting from the combination of four avian sarcoma leukosis virus (ASLV) envelopes (EnvA, EnvB, EnvC, and EnvE) and five engineered avian-derived receptors (TVA950, TVBS3, TVC, TVBT, and DR-46TVB) in vitro. Four of the 20 pairs exhibited both high infection rates (TVA–EnvA, 99.6%; TVBS3–EnvB, 97.7%; TVC–EnvC, 98.2%; and DR-46TVB–EnvE, 98.8%) and low cross-reactivity (<2.5%). Next, we tested these four receptor–envelope pairs in vivo in a pathway-specific gene-transfer method. Neurons projecting into a limited somatosensory area were labeled with each receptor by retrograde gene transfer. Three of the four pairs exhibited selective transduction into thalamocortical neurons expressing the paired receptor (>98%), with no observed cross-reaction. Finally, by expressing three receptor types in a single animal, we achieved pathway-specific, differential fluorescent labeling of three thalamic neuronal populations, each projecting into different somatosensory areas. Thus, we identified three orthogonal pairs from the list of ASLV subgroups and established a new vector system that provides a simultaneous, independent, and highly specific genetic tool for transferring genes into multiple target cells in vivo. Our approach is broadly applicable to pathway-specific labeling and functional analysis of diverse neuronal systems.

scholarly journals HIV dynamics with multiple infections of target cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (23) ◽  
pp. 8198-8203 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Dixit ◽  
A. S. Perelson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Hiv Dynamics

Asymptotic Analysis of an Age-Structured HIV Infection Model with Logistic Target-Cell Growth and Two Infecting Routes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050059
Author(s):  
Dongxue Yan ◽  
Xianlong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cell Infection ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Distribution Of Eigenvalues ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Hiv Infection Model

This paper deals with an age-structured HIV infection model with logistic growth for target cells and both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell infection routes. Based on the existence of the infection-free and infection equilibria and some rigorous analyses for the considered model, we study the asymptotic stability of these equilibria via determining the distribution of eigenvalues. We also address the persistence of the solution semi-flow by proving the existence of a global attractor. Furthermore, Hopf bifurcation occurring at the positive steady state is exploited. At last, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the obtained results.

scholarly journals An Age-Structured Model of HIV Latent Infection with Two Transmission Routes: Analysis and Optimal Control

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Chunyang Qin ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Libin Rong
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Uniform Persistence ◽  
Structured Model ◽  
Compact Attractor ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Age Structured Model

In addition to direct virus infection of target cells, HIV can also be transferred from infected to uninfected cells (cell-to-cell transmission). These two routes might facilitate viral production and the establishment of the latent virus pool, which is considered as a major obstacle to HIV cure. We studied an HIV infection model including the two infection routes and the time since latent infection. The basic reproductive ratio R0 was derived. The existence, positivity, and boundedness of the solution are proved. We investigated the existence of steady states and their stability, which were shown to depend on R0. We established the global asymptotic dynamical behavior by proving the existence of the global compact attractor and uniform persistence of the system and by applying the method of Lyapunov functionals. In the end, we formulated and solved the optimal control problem for the age-structured model. The necessary condition for minimization of the viral level and the cost of drug treatment was obtained, and numerical simulations of various optimal control strategies were performed.

scholarly journals Analysis of General Humoral Immunity HIV Dynamics Model with HAART and Distributed Delays

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elaiw ◽  
E. Elnahary
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Hiv Dynamics ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Theoretical Results

This paper deals with the study of an HIV dynamics model with two target cells, macrophages and CD4 + T cells and three categories of infected cells, short-lived, long-lived and latent in order to get better insights into HIV infection within the body. The model incorporates therapeutic modalities such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs). The model is incorporated with distributed time delays to characterize the time between an HIV contact of an uninfected target cell and the creation of mature HIV. The effect of antibody on HIV infection is analyzed. The production and removal rates of the ten compartments of the model are given by general nonlinear functions which satisfy reasonable conditions. Nonnegativity and ultimately boundedness of the solutions are proven. Using the Lyapunov method, the global stability of the equilibria of the model is proven. Numerical simulations of the system are provided to confirm the theoretical results. We have shown that the antibodies can play a significant role in controlling the HIV infection, but it cannot clear the HIV particles from the plasma. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the intracellular time delay plays a similar role as the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapies (HAAT) drugs in eliminating the HIV particles.

ANALYSIS OF AN AGE-STRUCTURED HIV-1 INFECTION MODEL WITH LOGISTIC TARGET CELL GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 927-944
Author(s):  
HUIJUAN LIU ◽  
FEI XU ◽  
JIA-FANG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

In this work, we construct an age-structured HIV-1 infection model to investigate the interplay between [Formula: see text] cells and viruses. In our model, we assume that the variations in the death rate of productively infected [Formula: see text] cells and the production rate of virus in infected cells are all age-dependent, and the target cells follow logistic growth. We perform mathematical analysis and prove the persistence of the semi-flow of the system. We calculate the basic reproduction number and prove the local and global stability of the steady states. We show that if the basic reproduction number is less than one, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and if the basic reproduction number is greater than one, the infected steady state is locally asymptotically stable.

Multiple target cells type for infection by RadLV(Rs), a radiation leukemia derived virus

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
A. Sassen ◽  
F.Vander Plaetse ◽  
M. Janowski ◽  
A. Léonard ◽  
J.R. Maisin
Keyword(s):  
Target Cells ◽  
Multiple Target

Assessment of metabolism-dependent drug efficacy and toxicity on a multilayer organs-on-a-chip

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1022-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyu Li ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Cong Xu ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Multiple Target

This work presents a new and multifunctional organs-on-a-chip device that allows for the characterization of the multi-step metabolism processes of pro-drug CAP in liver cells and its resultant efficacy in multiple target cells simultaneously and quantitatively.

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