Domain prediction with grouped income data

SATUAN TIMBULAN DAN KOMPOSISI SAMPAH DOMESTIK KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR

Jurnal Dampak ◽

10.25077/dampak.11.1.28-33.2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yommi Dewilda ◽

Yeggi Darnas

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

High Income ◽

Income Data

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data timbulan dan komposisi sampah domestik di Kabupaten Tanah Datar serta dapat membandingkan perbedaan timbulan dan komposisi sampah yang dihasilkan berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan masyarakat (High income, Medium income dan Low income). Data timbulan dan komposisi sampah diperlukan dalam perencanaan dan pengembangan sistem pengelolaan sampah. Sampling timbulan dan jumlah sampling dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-3964-1994. Hasil penelitian timbulan sampah domestik dalam satuan berat 0,232 kg/o/h dan dalam satuan volume 3,646 l/o/h. Berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan dalam satuan berat High Income (HI) 0,308 kg/o/h, Medium Income (MI) 0,198 kg/o/h dan Low Income (LI) 0,190 kg/o/h dalam satuan volume HI 4,269 l/o/h, MI 3,835 l/o/h dan LI 2,835 l/o/h. Timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan penduduk dengan High Incame lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penduduk dengan pendapatan Medium Income dan Low Income. Komposisi sampah domestik untuk sampah basah 75,5%; sampah plastik 16,6%; sampah kertas 5,3%; sampah tekstil 0,8%; sampah kayu 0,3%; sampah kaca 0,7%; sampah logam ferrous 0,2%; sampah logam non ferrous 0,1%; dan sampah lain-lain 0,5%.Kata kunci: sampah domestik, komposisi sampah, timbulan Sampah

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Estimation of National Income in Pakistan

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v1i3pp.79-88 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 79-88

Author(s):

Central Statistical Office Goverment of Pakistan

Keyword(s):

National Income ◽

Income Data

The following note is a description of the method of estimating national income in Pakistan. Such description is not currently available in a general publication, and it is presented here for the benefit of research workers who make use of Pakistan national income data. It is emphasized that this note is a description only, and no attempt is made to analyze the data or to comment on the appropriateness of the methods or the implications of the method for the vahdity of the estimates. For aid in presentation a table of national income estimates is also included ( see page 88).

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A Measure of Economic Growth in East and in West Pakistan

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v1i2pp.49-54 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 49-54

Author(s):

S. U. Khan

Keyword(s):

Regional Planning ◽

National Income ◽

Future Planning ◽

Correct Evaluation ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Relative Growth Rates ◽

National Planning ◽

Income Data ◽

Regional Basis ◽

The Difference

It is sometimes said that "national planning will simply have no meaning if it completely ignores the economic disparities between the two wings and fails to evolve a sensible pattern of regional planning"2. The lack of much essential data on a regional basis, however, renders any precise estimate of the relative growth rates almost impossible. Data either are not available or are inadequate on such important variables as production, income, consumption and trade, so that even a correct evaluation of past development efforts is not possible. The implications of such a situation for future planning are not difficult to understand. In this article an attempt is made to estimate the absorption of specified commodities in East and West Pakistan separately3. This will indicate the pattern of consumption and also give a rough idea about the growth rate of the two wings. With this purpose in view, quantity indices of absorption are prepared for each wing separately, taking data on availability of goods and prices from the Institute's monograph on Inflation. The quantity indi¬ces, however, are not of course strictly comparable with national income estimates because of the difference in coverage of the two series. National income data include government, services, trade, etc., while the quantity indices cover only specified goods available for each region.

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Rendimento de grãos de soja e de milho, no Rio Grande do Sul, não difere entre eventos El Niño Oscilação Sul

Agrometeoros ◽

10.31062/agrom.v26i1.26376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ronaldo Matzenauer ◽

Bernadete Radin ◽

Alberto Cargnelutti Filho

Keyword(s):

El Niño ◽

El Nino ◽

Southern Oscillation ◽

Rio Grande ◽

La Niña ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

La Nina ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Income Data ◽

The Relationship

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre o fenômeno El Niño Oscilação Sul - ENOS e o rendimento de grãos de soja e de milho no Rio Grande do Sul e verificar a hipótese de que os eventos El Niño são favoráveis e os eventos La Niña são prejudiciais ao rendimento de grãos das culturas. Foram utilizados dados de rendimento de grãos dos anos agrícolas de 1974/75 a 2016/17, e relacionados com as ocorrências de eventos ENOS. Foram analisados os dados de rendimento observados na colheita e os dados estimados com a remoção da tendência tecnológica. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa do rendimento médio de grãos de soja e de milho na comparação entre os eventos ENOS. Palavras-chave: El Niño, La Niña, safras agrícolas. Abstract – The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon with the grain yield of soybean and maize in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil and to verify the hypothesis that the El Niño events are favorable and the La Niña events are harmful to the culture’s grain yields. Were used data from the agricultural years of 1974/75 to 2016/17, and related to the occurrence of ENOS events. We analyzed income data observed at harvest and estimated data with technological tendency was removed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the average yield of soybeans and corn in the comparison between events.

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For Love, Not Money: The Financial Implications of Surgical Fellowship Training

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481608200940 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (9) ◽

pp. 794-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul M. Inclan ◽

Adam S. Hyde ◽

Michael Hulme ◽

Jeffrey E. Carter

Keyword(s):

Net Present Value ◽

Surgical Oncology ◽

Fellowship Training ◽

Financial Return ◽

Group Management ◽

Career Values ◽

Management Association ◽

Prolonged Training ◽

Physician Income ◽

Income Data

Surgical residents cite “increased income potential” as a motivation for pursuing fellowship training, despite little evidence supporting this perception. Thus, our goal is to quantify the financial impact of surgical fellowship training on financial career value. By using Medical Group Management Association and Association of American Medical Colleges physician income data, and accounting for resident salary, student debt, a progressive tax structure, and forgone wages associated with prolonged training, we generated a net present value (NPV) for both generalist and subspecialist surgeons. By comparing generalist and subspecialist career values, we determined that cardiovascular (ANPV = $698,931), pediatric ($430,964), thoracic ($239,189), bariatric ($166,493), vascular ($96,071), and transplant ($46,669) fellowships improve career value. Alternatively, trauma (-$11,374), colorectal (-$44,622), surgical oncology (-$203,021), and breast surgery (-$326,465) fellowships all reduce career value. In orthopedic surgery, spine ($505,198), trauma ($123,250), hip and joint ($60,372), and sport medicine ($56,167) fellowships improve career value, whereas shoulder and elbow (-$4,539), foot and ankle (-$173,766), hand (-$366,300), and pediatric (-$489,683) fellowships reduce career NPV. In obstetrics and gynecology, reproductive endocrinology ($352,854), and maternal and fetal medicine ($322,511) fellowships improve career value, whereas gynecology oncology (-$28,101) and urogynecology (-$206,171) fellowships reduce career value. These data indicate that the financial return of fellowship is highly variable.

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Tax Progressivity of Personal Wages and Income Inequality

Journal of Risk and Financial Management ◽

10.3390/jrfm14020060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Nikolaos Papanikolaou

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

The United States ◽

Census Bureau ◽

Tax System ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Tax Progressivity ◽

Income Data ◽

Kakwani Index ◽

And Gender ◽

Wage Income

The paper examines tax progressivity and income inequality using Census Bureau Current Population Survey (CPS) personal income data. The Kakwani index is used to derive tax progressivity for All, Male, Female, White and African American personal wage income of CPS respondents, respectively. The tax progressivity results show a tax system that is partly progressive and mostly regressive. Due to its regressive nature, the tax system did not display tax progressivity for the entire period under analysis for personal wage income respondents as well as when broken-down by race and gender in the United States for years 1996 to 2011.

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