scholarly journals Income Inequality and Redistribution in Lithuania: The Role of Policy, Labor Market, Income, and Demographics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerijus Černiauskas ◽  
Denisa M. Sologon ◽  
Cathal O’Donoghue ◽  
Linas Tarasonis
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Market Income

THE DRIVERS OF LABOR INCOME INEQUALITY — A LITERATURE REVIEW

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350004 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAL KIERZENKOWSKI ◽  
ISABELL KOSKE
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Labor Market Policies ◽  
Biased Technological Change ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Main Determinants

Despite a general trend of increasing labor income inequality, there have been differences in the timing, intensity and even direction of these changes across OECD countries. These stylized facts have led to numerous studies about the main determinants of labor income inequality and, as a result, a significant revision of the previous consensus about the key drivers. The most researched channels include skill-biased technological change, international trade, immigration, education as well as the role of labor market policies and institutions.

The Role of Social and Humanitarian Knowledge in the Training of Transprofessionals in the Field of Culture and Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Б. Пржиленская
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Need For Orientation ◽  
Professional Fields ◽  
Training Specialists

cовременный рынок труда заинтересован в специалистах, обладающих транспрофессиональными компетенциями. В статье обосновывается необходимость ориентации на транспрофессионализм при разработке содержания профессионального образования специалистов в области культуры и образования; подчеркивается роль социально-гуманитарных знаний для их подготовки к работе в условиях синтеза и конвергенции профессиональных компетенций, принадлежащих к разным профессиональным областям; отмечается потребность в реализации транспрофессиональных моделей подготовки специалистов в сфере культуры и образования за счет совместных усилий представителей социономических профессий, педагогов, менеджеров, психологов, специалистов-практиков. the modern labor market is interested in specialists with trans-professional competencies. The article substantiates the need for orientation towards professionalism in the development of the content of professional education of specialists in the field of culture and education; emphasizes the role of social and humanitarian knowledge in preparing these specialists for work in the context of the synthesis and convergence of professional competencies belonging to different professional fields; there is a need for the implementation of trans-professional models of training specialists in the field of culture and education due to the joint efforts of representatives of socionomic professions, teachers, managers, psychologists, and practitioners.

scholarly journals Investment Portfolio, Democratic Accountability, Poverty and Income Inequality Nexus in Pakistan: A Way to Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6411
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Hassan ◽  
Haider Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed ◽  
Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb ◽  
Noman Arshed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Short Run

Institutions help to streamline the economic activity-related procedures, where government intervention might be involved. Institutions also play a significant role in social sustainability. The findings using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach to cointegration for the period from 1984–2019 reveal that investment portfolio and democratic accountability reduce poverty in Pakistan both in the long and short run. Moreover, democratic accountability helps to reduce income inequality, but the investment portfolio’s role is not significant. The literacy rate helps to reduce income inequality, and inflation increases poverty and income inequality. The remittances increase income inequality, and urbanization increases poverty. To eradicate poverty and income inequality, the governments should be accountable for their actions to the general public while they remain in power. If they do not deliver as per their manifestoes, they will not be reelected in the next election. Moreover, there is a dire need to redefine the role of an investment portfolio to reduce the risk of investment. So, investments would increase economic activities and could reduce poverty and income inequality. This study contributes to the literature by inquiring about the role of the investment portfolio and democratic accountability in social sustainability by reducing poverty and income inequality. This study only considers Pakistan’s economy due to limitations of poverty data availability in other countries. The scope could further be broadened by accessing data for a wider Asia region to test the role of the investment portfolio and democratic accountability to reduce poverty and income inequality.

scholarly journals The Role of Family and Friends in Return Migration and Its Labor Market Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Joseph Gillespie ◽  
Clara H. Mulder ◽  
Christiane von Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Stability ◽  
Onward Migration

AbstractDrawing on survey data on individuals’ motives for migration in Sweden (N = 2172), we examine the importance of family and friends for return versus onward migration, including their importance for different age groups and in different communities on the rural–urban spectrum. The results point to a significant relationship between the importance of family and return versus onward migration, with family importance decreasing with age among returning migrants. At the same time, the importance of friends for returning increases with age. The findings did not suggest a significant relationship between urbanicity and returning versus migration elsewhere. Based on a subset of respondents who were employed prior to migrating (n = 1056), we further examined labor market outcomes for onward versus returning migrants. The results broadly indicate that return migrations are linked to lower likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement, suggesting greater labor market stability for return vis-à-vis onward migrations. However, the importance of family for returning (versus moving elsewhere) is associated with higher likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement compared with staying the same, indicating greater volatility in labor market outcomes when the importance of family is considered.

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