scholarly journals The Role of Age and Gender in Educational Expansion: The South Asian Experience in the Global Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Sauer
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Educational Expansion ◽  
The South ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Global Context ◽  
And Gender

Empirical Analysis of Clinical Evaluations on Children Involved in the Child Protection System: The Role of Age and Gender

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Felix ◽  
Anjali T. Naik-Polan ◽  
Christine Sloss ◽  
Lashaunda Poindexter ◽  
Karen S. Budd
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
And Gender

Children’s Lives and Deaths in Merovingian Gaul

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-213
Author(s):  
Émilie Perez
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
New Method ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Grave Goods

The role of children in Merovingian society has long been downplayed, and the study of their graves and bones has long been neglected. However, during the past fifteen years, archaeologists have shown growing interest in the place of children in Merovingian society. Nonetheless, this research has not been without challenges linked to the nature of the biological and material remains. Recent analysis of 315 children’s graves from four Merovingian cemeteries in northern Gaul (sixth to seventh centuries) allows us to understand the modalities of burial ritual for children. A new method for classifying children into social age groups shows that the type, quality, quantity, and diversity of grave goods were directly correlated with the age of the deceased. They increased from the age of eight and particularly around the time of puberty. This study discusses the role of age and gender in the construction and expression of social identity during childhood in the Merovingian period.

Do They Really Mean It? Children’s Inference of Speaker Intentions and the Role of Age and Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-712
Author(s):  
K. Rothermich ◽  
O. Caivano ◽  
L.J. Knoll ◽  
V. Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Speaker Intentions ◽  
And Gender

Interpreting other people’s intentions during communication represents a remarkable challenge for children. Although many studies have examined children’s understanding of, for example, sarcasm, less is known about their interpretation. Using realistic audiovisual scenes, we invited 124 children between 8 and 12 years old to watch video clips of young adults using different speaker intentions. After watching each video clip, children answered questions about the characters and their beliefs, and the perceived friendliness of the speaker. Children’s responses reveal age and gender differences in the ability to interpret speaker belief and social intentions, especially for scenarios conveying teasing and prosocial lies. We found that the ability to infer speaker belief of prosocial lies and to interpret social intentions increases with age. Our results suggest that children at the age of 8 years already show adult-like abilities to understand literal statements, whereas the ability to infer specific social intentions, such as teasing and prosocial lies, is still developing between the age of 8 and 12 years. Moreover, girls performed better in classifying prosocial lies and sarcasm as insincere than boys. The outcomes expand our understanding of how children observe speaker intentions and suggest further research into the development of teasing and prosocial lie interpretation.

scholarly journals Pathomorphological evaluation of hepatobiliary lesions in dogs and cats of Ankara region

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-378
Author(s):  
Yanad Abou Monsef ◽  
◽  
Osman Kutsal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Passive Congestion

The objective of this study was to investigate pathological disorders of the hepatobiliary system in dogs and cats in Ankara using pathomorphological methods, and to determine the types and frequency of the observed lesions. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate hepatic reparation as a reaction of the liver to injury with different hepatobiliary lesions using immunohistochemical methods. Livers obtained from 56 cats and 74 dogs submitted for post-mortem investigation were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Samples with hepatic fibrosis were stained immunohistochemically with an α-SMA antibody. Lesions were found in 98% of the livers of the examined dogs and cats. The most common histopathological diagnoses were hepatitis (39.28%), hepatocellular lipidosis (16.07%), and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (14.28%) in cats. In dogs they were hepatitis (28.38%), passive congestion (25.68%) and proliferative lesions (21.62%). For some hepatobiliary lesions, breed, age and gender predispositions were observed. Immunohistochemically, the α-SMA antibody positively stained parenchymal, portal and septal myofibroblasts. A positive correlation was verified between immunohistochemical α-SMA scores and histochemical fibrosis scores. This is the first study in Turkey documenting both the incidence of hepatobiliary lesions among feline and canine species, and their pathomorphological features. In terms of reparation, the major role of the hepatic myofibroblasts in liver fibrosis was observed. There were variations in the intensity and location of positively stained cells according to the type of lesion. The conclusion of this research indicates the need to pay attention to certain hepatic lesions in dogs and cats, and provides a reference standard for further clinical and histopathological studies.

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