EU integration and structural gravity: A comprehensive quantification of the border effect on trade

Abstract This article investigates the determinants of individual support for independence in Montenegro. We outline five theoretically distinct groups of factors covered by the literature and evaluate their impact on individual preference for independence. Using observational data obtained from a nationally representative survey conducted in Montenegro in 2003–2004, we find support for several hypotheses, showing that identity, income, and partisanship significantly impact individual opinion about independence. We also investigate and discuss the relative effect size of different factors associated with preference for independence. Additionally, we test variables with hitherto unexplored implications for opinions on independence, including the impact of support for EU membership, as well as support for democratic principles. Our logistic regression analyses reveal that attitudes towards EU integration and minority rights are strongly associated with support for independence. By systematically analyzing existing and new hypotheses with data from an understudied case, our findings contribute to the nascent literature on individual preferences for independence.

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Border Effect in Soybean Nursery Plots 1

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1943.00021962003500080002x ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 35 (8) ◽

pp. 662-666 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. H. Probst

Keyword(s):

Border Effect

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Spatial-Temporal Analysis of the Forest Fragments Surrounding a Conservation Unit in the Southern Region of Brazil

Environmental Sciences Proceedings ◽

10.3390/environsciproc3010048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Bianca Fernandes ◽

Ligia Batista

Keyword(s):

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Management Plan ◽

Edge Density ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Border Effect ◽

Action Strategies ◽

Landsat Satellite ◽

High Degree

In recent years, anthropogenic actions have intensified forest fragmentation, causing several damages to the landscape’s natural components, propagating the loss of biodiversity. This study aims to present an analysis of the forest fragments in a conservation unit located at southern of Brazil. The evaluation was carried out for the years 1998, 2008, and 2018, by using landscape metrics and classification of remote sensing imagery of the Landsat satellite. The following metrics were analyzed: area and edge, shape, core area, and aggregation. The results indicated an increase of 16.88% in the total area of vegetation, and the percentage of fragments increased from 16.16% to 18.89%. The number of fragments decreased, resulting in an increase of the mean area in 5.4 ha. The percentage of vegetation under border effect changed from 40.2% to 37.1%. In 1998, the average nearest neighbor distance was 155.4 m, and in 2018, 149.7 m. However, this distance is still classified as a high degree of isolation, which hinders the movement of organisms and the dispersion of species. Thus, all the analyzed metrics indicated a decrease in the fragmentation, except for the edge density metric, in which its increase of 1.86 pointed to a lower degree of conservation during the analyzed period. A study of this nature is important as it provides subsidies for future researches and can contribute to action strategies to be adopted in the management plan of the area.

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