Impact of soil conservation adoption on intra-household allocations in Zambia

In Ukraine 57.5 % of agricultural land is subjected to erosion with 10–24 million tons of humus, 0.3–0.96 million tons of nitrogen, 0.7–0.9 million tons of phosphorus and 6–12 million tons of potassium lost annually. Degradation processes are also common on chernozems, which cover about 60 % of the Ukrainian territory. The aim of the research is to defi ne the most eff ective soil conservation practices and legislative decisions aimed to conservation/recovering the Ukrainian chernozem fertility. The experimental data of the agrochemical certifi cation of Ukrainian lands, data from scientifi c papers, stock and instructional materials as well as our own fi eld and laboratory studies were used. It has been established that the long-term use of deep subsurface tillage on typical chernozem increases, compared with plowing, the content of 10–0.25 mm of air-dry and water-resistant aggregates, the bulk density, soil water storages, water infi ltration rates, the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium, pHH2O, CaCO3 stocks, the contents of humic and fulvic acids, molecular weights of humic acids – by 5.5 and 3.06 %; 0.05 g/cm3; 25.5 mm; 22.6 mm/h; 0.1 and 3 mg/100 g of soil; 0.03 pHH2O; 18 t/ha, 0.02 and 0.04 %, 91195 kDa, respectively. Fertilizers may contribute to the crop yields increase from by 60% in the Polissya, by 40 % – in the Forest Steppe, by 15 % – in the Wet Steppe, by 10 % – in the Dry Steppe and by 40 % – in the Irrigated Steppe areas. In soil-conservation rotations, the crop placement and alternation are advisable to combine with strips or hills sowing, taking into account the local relief features; soil alkalinization, applying anti-erosion structures. Ukrainian agriculture will receive additional 10–12 million tons of forage units or 20–22 % from all fodder in a fi eld agriculture under increasing 8–10 % of arable lands for intercrops. It is advisable to mulch the eroded chernozems of Ukraine depending on their texture composition: 1.3 t/ha of mulch for sandy and loamy soils, 1.9 t/ha – for sandy and 1.1 t/ha – for loamy soils. The implementation of soil conservation agriculture can minimize some soil degradation processes and improve eff ective soil properties required to realize the biological potential of cultivated plants. Key words: chernozem, degradation, fertility, soil conservation technologies, agriculture policy.

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Adoption Decision and Sustainable Utilization of Soil Conservation Technologies: Empirical Evidence from North West Ethiopia

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v10i0.8283 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 1853-1863

Author(s):

Kassaye Gurebiyaw Legese ◽

Taye Melese ◽

Tadie Mire ◽

Abebe Birara ◽

Kefale Eniyew

Keyword(s):

Water Conservation ◽

Soil Conservation ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Household Survey ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Related Factors ◽

Severe Problem ◽

North West ◽

Household Heads ◽

North Gondar Zone

Soil is a crucial and precious natural resource that govern numerous ecological processes. However, in Ethiopia particularly in north Gondar zone, soil erosion is a severe problem and a major cause of the decline of agricultural productivity. The adoption and diffusion of soil and water conservation practices (SWC), as a way to tackle this challenge, has become an important issue in the development policy agenda in the zone. Therefore, this study was to identify factors affecting Soil conservation investments in the North Gondar zone. Data was collected through interviewed schedule, filed observation and focus group discussion. The multistage sampling technique was employed to select 206 sample households. Both descriptive and econometrics model was used to analyze the collected data. A multivariate profit (MPV) model was used to analyze the effect of demographic, socioeconomic, market, institutional and biophysical related factors on the interdependent investment decisions of SWC practices using household survey. The MPV model analysis indicates that farmers invest a combination of practices at parcel level by considering substitution and complementarity effects of the practices. The results also revealed that age of household heads, literacy status of household heads, off-farm activity, distance of farmlands from homesteads, tropical livestock unit, and access to training were influence farmers’ investments in SWC practices. The overall results indicate that the identified physical, socioeconomic, and institutional factors influence promote or hinder investments in SWC practice so, policymakers should take into consideration these various factors in designing and implementing SWC policies and Programmers.

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Soil Conservation

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1940.00021962003200010015x ◽

1940 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 86-86

Author(s):

C. S. S.

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation

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Introducing soil conservation in the introductory soils course

Journal of Agronomic Education ◽

10.2134/jae1985.0016 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 16-18

Author(s):

D. A. Munn

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation

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Report on the 1961 Soil Conservation Society of America National Meeting

Soil Horizons ◽

10.2136/sh1961.3.0006 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Don Post

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation ◽

National Meeting

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SOLOS FRÁGEIS DO PARQUE NACIONAL DA SERRA DA CAPIVARA, PIAUÍ

GEOgraphia ◽

10.22409/geographia2017.1941.a13823 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (41) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Gustavo Souza Valladares ◽

Cláudia Maria Sabóia de Aquino ◽

Renê Pedro de Aquino ◽

Raphael Moreira Beirigo

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation ◽

National Park ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Small Depth ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Low Degree ◽

Chemical Attributes ◽

Pelitic Rocks

Resumo: O Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara (PNSC) tem alguns dos sítios arqueológicos mais importantes das Américas. A área onde os solos foram amostrados corresponde ao Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara (PNSC) e uma área tampão de 10km no entorno de seus limites oficiais, no sudeste do Piauí. Para a elaboração do presente trabalho foram selecionados solos considerados frágeis, devido ao alto risco de degradação por erosão, formados de diferentes materiais geológicos representativos do PNSC. Todos os solos estudados são pouco evoluídos, com desenvolvimento pedogenético ainda incipiente, e enquadram-se nas ordens dos Neossolos ou Cambissolos. O bioma representativo da área de estudo é a caatinga, que pela vegetação com pouca biomassa e características decíduas confere pouca cobertura aos solos, aumentando a susceptibilidade dos mesmos à erosão. Foram coletados sete perfis de solos, em diferentes posições na paisagem e formados de materiais de origem. As amostras foram secas ao ar e analisados atributos químicos e granulométricos. Os solos estudados apresentam grandes variações em seus atributos morfológicos, químicos e granulométricos, reflexo dos diferentes materiais de origem. A fragilidade em quase todos os perfis é reflexo da incipiência dos solos, representada pelo baixo grau de agregação e coesão entre as partículas, pequena profundidade e o fator de formação relevo induz na maior erosão de cinco dos sete perfis estudados. Os solos frágeis do PNSC necessitam de cuidados especiais quanto ao manejo, pois alguns deles, principalmente os originários de rochas pelíticas da Formação Pimenteiras, encontram-se em forte processo de degradação, em muitas áreas com as rochas expostas. Palavras-chave: Conservação do solo. Classificação de solos. Degradação ambiental. Semiárido tropical. FRAGILE SOILS OF SERRA DA CAPIVARA NATIONAL PARK, PIAUÍ Abstract: The Serra da Capivara National Park (PNSC) are some of the most important archaeological sites in the Americas. The area where the soils were sampled corresponds to the PNSC and a buffer area of 10km around of its official limits in southeastern of Piauí. For this work were considered fragile soils, due to the high risk of degradation by erosion, formed in different geological materials representative of PNSC. All soils are poorly evolved, with pedogenic development incipient fall in orders of Entisols or Inceptisols. The representative of the study area biome is the caatinga, which vegetation with little biomass and deciduous characteristics, gives little coverage to the soil, increasing susceptibility to erosion. Seven soil profiles were collected at different positions and mother rocks. The soils were classified according to the Brazilian System of Soil Classification (SiBCS). The samples were air dried and analyzed the chemical attributes and texture. The soils vary widely in their morphological, chemical and grain size, reflecting the different source material attributes. The weakness in nearly all profiles reflects the incipient soil, represented by a low degree of aggregation and cohesion between the particles of soil and small depth of relief factor induces the formation of further erosion profiles 5 of the 7 studied. Fragile soils of PNSC require special care in the mangement, because some soils, especially those originating from pelitic rocks by Pimenteiras Formation, are in strong degradation process in many areas with exposed rocks. Keywords: Soil conservation. Soil classification. Environmental degradation. Tropical semiarid. SUELOS FRÁGILES DEL PARQUE NACIONAL DE LA SIERRA DE CAPYBARA, PIAUÍ Resumen: El Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Capybara (PNSC) tiene algunos de los sitios arqueológicos más importantes de las Américas. El área donde los suelos fueron muestreados corresponde al PNSC y un área tampón de 10km en el entorno de sus límites oficiales, en el sureste del Piauí. Para la elaboración del presente trabajo se seleccionaron suelos considerados frágiles, debido al alto riesgo de degradación por erosión, formados de diferentes materiales geológicos representativos del PNSC. Todos los suelos estudiados son poco evolucionados, con desarrollo pedogenético aún incipiente, y se encuadran en las órdenes de los Neossolos o Cambissolos (en portugués). El bioma representativo del área de estudio es la caatinga, que por la vegetación con poca biomasa y características deciduas, confiere poca cobertura a los suelos, aumentando la susceptibilidad de los mismos a la erosión. Se recogieron muestras de siete perfiles de suelos, en diferentes posiciones en el paisaje y formados de materiales geológicos distintos. Las muestras fueron secas al aire y analizados los atributos químicos y granulométricos. Los suelos estudiados presentan grandes variaciones en sus atributos morfológicos, químicos y granulométricos, reflejo de los diferentes materiales de origen. La fragilidad en casi todos los perfiles es reflejo de la incipiente de los suelos, representada por el bajo grado de agregación y cohesión entre las partículas, pequeña profundidad y el factor de formación relieve induce en la mayor erosión de cinco de los siete perfiles estudiados. Los suelos frágiles del PNSC necesitan cuidados especiales en cuanto al manejo, pues algunos de ellos, principalmente los originarios de rocas pelíticas de la Formación Pimenteiras, se encuentran en fuerte proceso de degradación, en muchas áreas con las rocas expuestas. Palabras clave: Conservación del suelo. Clasificación de suelos. Degradación ambiental. Semiárido tropical.

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