scholarly journals Risk sharing under the dominant peer‐to‐peer property and casualty insurance business models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Denuit ◽  
Christian Y. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Insurance Business ◽  
Property And Casualty Insurance

scholarly journals Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency: Non-Fungible Tokens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sakız ◽  
Ayşen Hiç Gencer
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Work Mechanism ◽  
Distributed Networking ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain technology is a disruptive innovation with the potential to replace existing business models that rely on centralized systems and third parties for trust. Even if there are a lot of application areas, blockchain used primarily for cryptocurrencies. Satoshi Nakamoto implemented the first blockchain application and invented the world’s first digital currency which is named as Bitcoin in 2008. Fundementally Bitcoin relies on cryptographic “proof of work” mechanism, digital signatures, and peer to peer distributed networking layer in order to provide a distributed ledger holding transactions. In 2014, a second generation of blockchains allow to program and execute them over distributed networks such as Ethereum project. The code to program any asset stored in blockchain’s peer-to-peer network is called as "smart contract" and smart contracts gives a powerful tool to developers for decentralized applications. There are various types of tokens that anyone can built on top of Ethereum and by combining smart contracts and new tokens, this paved the way of possibility to build a wide range of decentralized projects. One of the disruptive blockchain based innovation impacting intellectual property is called non-fungible-tokens or NFTs firstly introcuced in late 2017 on Ethereum network. This research contends that blockchain and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) which are cryptographically unique, scarce, non-replicable digital assets created through smart contracts and provably digital collectible assets. Our objective is to give NFT taxonomy, review NFT platforms and discuss technical challenges as well as recent advances in tackling the challenges. Moreover, this paper also aims to point out the future directions for NFT technology.

Quality of Experience in Mobile Peer-to-Peer Streaming Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 196-241
Author(s):  
Florence Agboma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Content Delivery ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Network Resource ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Qos Parameters ◽  
Streaming Systems

This chapter considers the various parameters that affect the user’s Quality-of-Experience (QoE) in mobile peer-to-peer streaming systems, which are a form of content delivery network. Network and content providers do not necessarily focus on users’ QoE when designing the content delivery strategies and business models. The outcome of this is quite often the over-provisioning of network resources and also a lack of knowledge in respect to the user’s satisfaction. The focus is the methodology for quantifying the user’s perception of service quality for mobile video services and user contexts. The statistical technique of discriminant analysis is employed in defining prediction models to map Quality-of-Service (QoS) parameters onto estimates of the user’s QoE ratings. The chapter considers the relative contribution of the QoS parameters to predicting user responses. The chapter also demonstrates the value of the prediction models in developing QoE management strategies in order to optimize network resource utilization. To investigate the versatility of the framework, a feasibility study was applied to a P2P TV system. P2P systems continue to develop and as such, not a lot is known about their QoE characteristics, which situation this chapter seeks to remedy.

Expanding Peer-to-Peer Digital Intermediation Through a Mobile-Based Platform

2021 ◽  
pp. 549-569
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nabil Almunawar ◽  
Muhammad Anshari
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Value Network ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Intense Competition ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Short Time

The fusion of several technologies has created disruptive innovation that changes the way in which people interact and transact. The rise of new and innovative business models such as mobile-based platforms in the transport industry has posed a big challenge to the incumbent in a very short time. The fusion allows start-up companies that employ the right strategies expanding their business rapidly by taking over the existing markets as well as creating new markets for them to expand in various directions. In this chapter, the authors discuss three theories to examine business expansion strategies in digital intermediation platforms: transaction cost economy, two-sided market, and value network and. Using these theories, they analyze how Gojek, an Indonesian mobile-based platform, rises and expands rapidly in a very short time. They argue that due to high intense competition, businesses that adopt disruptive technologies through mobile-based platforms by introducing products or services within the same platform are likely to be more sustainable in preserving the market.

scholarly journals Actors in the Emerging Internet of Things Ecosystems

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Leminen ◽  
Mervi Rajahonka ◽  
Mika Westerlund
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Role Behavior ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This study investigates actors in the ecosystems of the Internet of Things (IoT). Previous research suggests that unstructured ecosystems make one of the greatest challenges for creating business models for the IoT. The present study concludes four contributions. First, the study reviews literature to develop a framework for role mechanisms in ecosystems and applies the framework to analyse data from fifteen interviews in six cases. Second, it identifies four diverse actor roles in IoT ecosystems: butterfly, ant and greenfly, spider, and the swarm of bees. Third, the study shows how actors take and make different roles in four emerging IoT ecosystems; product-, company-, industry-, and peer to peer ecosystems, which are structured in accordance with the identified actors' role behavior. Fourth, it suggests a new role pattern, role replication, where companies replicate their value designs and networks to other contexts.

Providers Versus Platforms: Marketing Communications in the Sharing Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
John P. Costello ◽  
Rebecca Walker Reczek
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Marketing Communications ◽  
Marketing Managers ◽  
Individual Provider

Peer-to-peer (P2P) business models have become increasingly prevalent in the marketplace. However, little is known about what factors influence consumer perceptions of purchases from firms using these models. The authors propose that features inherent to the P2P model lead consumers to perceive high provider–firm independence, where providers are viewed as relatively independent from the platform on which they offer goods/services. Across a series of studies, the authors show that when P2P brands use provider-focused (vs. platform-focused) marketing communications, consumers perceive a purchase as helping an individual provider to a greater extent, which increases consumers’ willingness to pay and their likelihood of both making a purchase and downloading the brand’s app. This is because provider-focused marketing communications in this context lead consumers to think about their purchase from the provider’s perspective, thus adopting an “empathy lens.” The authors further show that this effect does not extend to other business models. This work thus identifies provider- (vs. platform-) focused marketing communications as a way for marketing managers of P2P brands to drive important purchase-related outcomes.

scholarly journals A Novel Peer-To-Peer Energy Sharing Business Model for the Portuguese Energy Market

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lurian Pires Klein ◽  
Aleksandra Krivoglazova ◽  
Luisa Matos ◽  
Jorge Landeck ◽  
Manuel de Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Voltage Transformer ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Real Market ◽  
Energy Sharing

The co-evolution of techno-economic, societal, environmental and political-institutional systems towards sustainable energy transitions is largely influencing the disruptive reconfiguration of the energy sector across the globe. At the heart of this disruption is the peer-to-peer energy sharing concept. Nonetheless, peer-to-peer energy sharing business models are yet very little put into practice due to the rigid energy market structures and lagging regulatory frameworks across the globe. In view of this, this paper presents a novel peer-to-peer energy sharing business model developed specifically for the context of the Portuguese energy market, which was successfully trialed in three pilot projects in Portugal under real market conditions. All things considered, the novelty of this paper lies on an innovative approach for the collaborative use of the surplus electricity generation from photovoltaic systems between end-users under the same low voltage/medium voltage transformer substation, which resulted in direct financial benefits to them. While absent deregulation obstructs the implementation of effective peer-to-peer energy sharing markets in Portugal, such demonstration projects are essential to challenge restrictive regulatory frameworks that do not keep pace with techno-economic and societal innovations, thus helping to build the emerging consumer-centric energy regime and disrupt the old one.

DISRUPTIVE AND PARADOXICAL ROLES IN THE SHARING ECONOMIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150045
Author(s):  
CHRISTINA ÖBERG
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
The Creation

The sharing economy could be said to disrupt who does what in exchanges. This paper categorises the roles played by users, providers, and platforms in different interpretations of the sharing economy. It asks: What different roles do the users, providers, and platforms play in the sharing economy? And: How do the roles differ in various interpretations of the sharing economy? The paper classifies the different interpretations based on their market/non-market logic and concludes that roles are more extensive for users and providers in non-market logic interpretations, while market logic suggests that the platform acts more roles. The user is, despite the peer-to-peer connotation of the sharing economy, often quite passive. Contributions are made to the emerging literature on the sharing economy through highlighting its many different interpretations, where roles help to systematise these. The paper furthermore contributes to the literature on roles through highlighting them as transitory and expanding beyond expectations related to digitalisation. Practically, the systematisation of roles helps to navigate among various business model designs and makes informed decisions when launching platforms in the sharing economy. Additionally, the focus on roles raises important questions on risk sharing, resource provisions, and the creation of value for each participating party.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Repurchase Intention pada Network Orchestrator X

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Tedy Tedy Tedy ◽  
Abu Bakar Adni ◽  
Aloysius Evan Kristian ◽  
Iqbal Asyarf Lufty ◽  
Muhammad Faried Romdolni
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Repurchase Intention ◽  
Application System ◽  
Performance Risk

Abstract The development of peer-to-peer lodging begins with the presence of Airbnb in 2008 which is connected in 192 countries and served 60 million travelers worldwide. The presence of Airbnb has led to several similar business models, namely the network orchestrator. In Indonesia, network orchestrator x appeared in 2015 with a business model similar to a hotel, but assets in the form of buildings and their contents are owned by partners/third people. Network orchestrator x provides an application system integrated with a smartphone. In this study the questionnaire was distributed to 401 respondents and the number that could be used was 226 questionnaires. This research was conducted by adding two variables to the existing research model which is tangible and intangible variables. Based on the research, factors that significantly affect customer satisfaction are product performance risk, room and bathroom size, staff's helpfulness, accuracy of service, personal attention, and customer satisfaction also significantly influence repurchase intention.    

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