scholarly journals P5‐1: Factors associated with the development of bacterial pneumonia related to seasonal influenza virus infection: A study using a large‐scale health insurance claim database

Respirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (S3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Claim Database ◽  
Insurance Claim ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind Study Comparing Single-Dose Intravenous Peramivir with Oral Oseltamivir in Patients with Seasonal Influenza Virus Infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 5267-5276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Kohno ◽  
Muh-Yong Yen ◽  
Hee-Jin Cheong ◽  
Nobuo Hirotsu ◽  
Tadashi Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind

ABSTRACTAntiviral medications with activity against influenza viruses are important in controlling influenza. We compared intravenous peramivir, a potent neuraminidase inhibitor, with oseltamivir in patients with seasonal influenza virus infection. In a multinational, multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy randomized controlled study, patients aged ≥20 years with influenza A or B virus infection were randomly assigned to receive either a single intravenous infusion of peramivir (300 or 600 mg) or oral administration of oseltamivir (75 mg twice a day [b.i.d.] for 5 days). To demonstrate the noninferiority of peramivir in reducing the time to alleviation of influenza symptoms with hazard model analysis and a noninferiority margin of 0.170, we planned to recruit 1,050 patients in South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. A total of 1,091 patients (364 receiving 300 mg and 362 receiving 600 mg of peramivir; 365 receiving oseltamivir) were included in the intent-to-treat infected population. The median durations of influenza symptoms were 78.0, 81.0, and 81.8 h in the groups treated with 300 mg of peramivir, 600 mg of peramivir, and oseltamivir, respectively. The hazard ratios of the 300- and 600-mg-peramivir groups compared to the oseltamivir group were 0.946 (97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.793, 1.129) and 0.970 (97.5% CI, 0.814, 1.157), respectively. Both peramivir groups were noninferior to the oseltamivir group (97.5% CI, <1.170). The overall incidence of adverse drug reactions was significantly lower in the 300-mg-peramivir group, but the incidence of severe reactions in either peramivir group was not different from that in the oseltamivir group. Thus, a single intravenous dose of peramivir may be an alternative to a 5-day oral dose of oseltamivir for patients with seasonal influenza virus infection.

Inhibitory effects of carbocisteine on type A seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (2) ◽  
pp. L160-L168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsuo Yamaya ◽  
Hidekazu Nishimura ◽  
Kyoko Shinya ◽  
Yukimasa Hatachi ◽  
Takahiko Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Human Influenza ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Human Influenza Virus

Type A human seasonal influenza (FluA) virus infection causes exacerbations of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). l-carbocisteine, a mucolytic agent, reduces the frequency of common colds and exacerbations in COPD. However, the inhibitory effects of l-carbocisteine on FluA virus infection are uncertain. We studied the effects of l-carbocisteine on FluA virus infection in airway epithelial cells. Human tracheal epithelial cells were pretreated with l-carbocisteine and infected with FluA virus (H3N2). Viral titers in supernatant fluids, RNA of FluA virus in the cells, and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in supernatant fluids, including IL-6, increased with time after infection. l-carbocisteine reduced viral titers in supernatant fluids, RNA of FluA virus in the cells, the susceptibility to FluA virus infection, and concentrations of cytokines induced by virus infection. The epithelial cells expressed sialic acid with an α2,6-linkage (SAα2,6Gal), a receptor for human influenza virus on the cells, and l-carbocisteine reduced the expression of SAα2,6Gal. l-carbocisteine reduced the number of acidic endosomes from which FluA viral RNA enters into the cytoplasm and reduced the fluorescence intensity from acidic endosomes. Furthermore, l-carbocisteine reduced NF-κB proteins including p50 and p65 in the nuclear extracts of the cells. These findings suggest that l-carbocisteine may inhibit FluA virus infection, partly through the reduced expression of the receptor for human influenza virus in the human airway epithelial cells via the inhibition of NF-κB and through increasing pH in endosomes. l-carbocisteine may reduce airway inflammation in influenza virus infection.

scholarly journals Influenza virus infection and postviral bacterial pneumonia pathogenesis induced by different subtypes of influenza virus in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
A. A. Poromov ◽  
N. R. Makhmudova ◽  
I. N. Falynskova ◽  
E. A. Glubokova ◽  
N. P. Kartashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection

scholarly journals Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: Results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Lina ◽  
Alexandre Georges ◽  
Elena Burtseva ◽  
Marta C. Nunes ◽  
Melissa K. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Complicated Hospitalization

Abstract Background: Since 2011, the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) has used active surveillance to prospectively collect epidemiological and virological data on patients hospitalized with influenza virus infection. Here, we describe influenza virus strain circulation in the GIHSN participant countries during 2017–2018 season and examine factors associated with complicated hospitalization among patients admitted with laboratory-confirmed influenza illness.Methods: The study enrolled patients hospitalized in a GIHSN hospital in the previous 48 h with acute respiratory symptoms and who had symptoms consistent with influenza within the 7 days before admission. Enrolled patients were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to confirm influenza virus infection. “Complicated hospitalization” was defined as a need for mechanical ventilation, admission to an intensive care unit, or in-hospital death. In each of four age strata (<15, 15–<50, 50–<65, and ≥65 years), factors associated with complicated hospitalization in influenza-positive patients were identified by mixed effects logistic regression and those associated with length of hospital stay using a linear mixed-effects regression model.Results: The study included 12,803 hospitalized patients at 14 coordinating sites in 13 countries, of which 4,306 (34%) tested positive for influenza. Influenza viruses B/Yamagata, A/H3N2, and A/H1N1pdm09 strains dominated and cocirculated, although the dominant strains varied between sites. Complicated hospitalization occurred in 10.6% of influenza-positive patients. Factors associated with complicated hospitalization in influenza-positive patients included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (15–<50 years and ≥65 years), diabetes (15–<50 years), male sex (50–<65 years), hospitalization during the last 12 months (50–<65 years), and current smoking (≥65 years). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (50–<65 years), other chronic conditions (15–<50 years), influenza A (50–<65 years), and hospitalization during the last 12 months (<15 years) were associated with a longer hospital stay. The proportion of patients with complicated influenza did not differ between influenza A and B.Conclusions: Complicated hospitalizations occurred in over 10% of patients hospitalized with influenza virus infection. Factors commonly associated with complicated or longer hospitalization differed by age group but commonly included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and hospitalization during the last 12 months.

Obesity not associated with severity among hospitalized adults with seasonal influenza virus infection

Infection ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise S. Braun ◽  
Forrest W. Crawford ◽  
Mayur M. Desai ◽  
James Meek ◽  
Pam Daily Kirley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection

scholarly journals Case of seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus infection, the Netherlands, March 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Meijer ◽  
Corien M Swaan ◽  
Martin Voerknecht ◽  
Edin Jusic ◽  
Sharon van den Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza Like Illness

A seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus harbouring genome segments from seasonal influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09 (HA and NS) and A(H3N2) (PB2, PB1, PA, NP, NA and M) was identified in March 2018 in a 19-months-old patient with influenza-like illness (ILI) who presented to a general practitioner participating in the routine sentinel surveillance of ILI in the Netherlands. The patient recovered fully. Further epidemiological and virological investigation did not reveal additional cases.

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