scholarly journals O2‐3: Novel non‐invasive point of care sputum test for early identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection

Respirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (S3) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Airway Infection ◽  
Non Invasive

Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa IgG Antibodies and Chronic Airway Infection in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

Pneumologie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Suarez-Cuartin ◽  
O Sibila ◽  
A Smith ◽  
H Abo-Leyah ◽  
A Rodrigo-Troyano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Airway Infection ◽  
Chronic Airway

Point-of-Care Testing Using Invasive and Non-Invasive Hemoglobinometers: Reliable and Valid Method for Estimation of Hemoglobin among Children 6–59 Months

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gomathi Ramaswamy ◽  
Kashish Vohra ◽  
Kapil Yadav ◽  
Ravneet Kaur ◽  
Tripti Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Introduction Globally around 47.4% of children and in India, 58% of children aged 6–59 months are anemic. Diagnosis of anemia in children using accurate technologies and providing adequate treatment is essential to reduce the burden of anemia. Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices is a potential option for estimation of hemoglobin in peripheral and field settings were the hematology analyzer and laboratory services are not available. Objectives To access the validity of the POCTs (invasive and non-invasive devices) for estimation of hemoglobin among children aged 6–59 months compared with hematology analyzer. Methods The study participants were enrolled from the pediatric outpatient department in Haryana, India, from November 2019 to January 2020. Hemoglobin levels of the study participants were estimated in Sahli’s hemoglobinometer and invasive digital hemoglobinometers (DHs) using capillary blood samples. Hemoglobin levels in non-invasive DH were assessed from the finger/toe of the children. Hemoglobin levels measured in POCTs were compared against the venous blood hemoglobin estimated in the hematology analyzer. Results A total of 120 children were enrolled. The mean (SD) of hemoglobin (g/dl) estimated in auto-analyzer was 9.4 (1.8), Sahli’s hemoglobinometer was 9.2 (1.9), invasive DH was 9.7 (1.9), and non-invasive DH was 11.9 (1.5). Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (95.5%) and invasive DH (92.2%) had high sensitivity for the diagnosis of anemia compared with non-invasive DH (24.4%). In contrast, non-invasive DH had higher specificity (96.7%) compared with invasive DH (83.3%) and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (70%). Invasive DH took the least time (2–3 min) for estimation of hemoglobin per participant, followed by Sahli’s (4–5 min) and non-invasive DH (5–7 min). Conclusion All three POCT devices used in this study are reasonable and feasible for estimating hemoglobin in under-5 children. Invasive DHs are potential POCT devices for diagnosis of anemia among under-5 children, while Sahli’s can be considered as a possible option, where trained and skilled technicians are available. Further research and development are required in non-invasive DH to improve accuracy. Lay summary In India, anemia is a serious public health problem, where 58% of the children aged 6–59 months are anemic. Point-of-care testing (POCT) using digital hemoglobinometers (DHs) has been recommended as one of the key interventions by the Anemia Mukt Bharat program since 2018 in India. These POCT devices are easy to use, less invasive, can be carried to field, require minimal training and results are available immediately. Therefore this study assessed the validity of POCT devices—invasive DH, non-invasive DH and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer among 6–59 months children in facility setting compared with the gold standard hematology analyzer. A total of 120 children under 6–59 months of age were enrolled from the pediatric outpatient department in Haryana, India, from November 2019 to January 2020. The (mean hemoglobin in g/dl) invasive (9.7) and non-invasive DH (11.9) overestimated hemoglobin value, while Sahli’s (9.2) underestimated hemoglobin compared with hematology analyzer (9.4). Invasive DH (92.2%) and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (95.5%) reported high ability to correctly identify those with anemia compared with non-invasive DH (24.4%). In contrast, non-invasive DH (96.73%) had higher ability to correctly identify those without the anemia compared with invasive DH (83.3%) and Sahli’s (70%).

Detection of voluntary dehydration in paediatric populations using non‐invasive point‐of‐care saliva and urine testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Faidah ◽  
Gita V Soraya ◽  
Michael Erlichster ◽  
Rosdiana Natzir ◽  
Gursharan Chana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Voluntary Dehydration ◽  
Urine Testing

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Evaluation in an Emergency Room – Point-of-Care Ultrasonography

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Daniel Damiani ◽  
Durval Damiani
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasonography

AbstractPoint-of-care ultrasound is modifying conducts in emergency care. The various medical specialties, in addition to traditional indications in cases of multiple trauma, are using this technique for rapid diagnosis at the bedside without patient mobilization and without radiation. Point-of-care ultrasound in neurocritical patients, through its transorbital window, can estimate the intracranial pressure by a non-invasive method. Through the measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath 3 mm posterior to the retina, the intracranial pressure is estimated if the value of the diameter is > 5 mm, as it has been verified in other studies. The present article describes the most current data on this topic, and it also highlights the need for more multicentric and randomized trials to determine the correct cut-off points that represent the high sensibility and specificity of the method.

Evaluation of Human Fecal Calprotectin Detection Kits and Their Potential use as Non-Invasive Intestinal Biomarker of Infectious Enterocolitis in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Barbosa ◽  
Lucas Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel Columbus ◽  
Juan Aguirre ◽  
John Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Infectious Enterocolitis

Abstract Background: Fecal calprotectin is largely applied as a non-invasive intestinal inflammation biomarker in human medicine. Previous studies in pigs investigated the levels of fecal calprotectin in healthy animals only. Thus, there is a knowledge gap regarding its application during infectious diarrhea. This study investigated the usefulness of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Salmonella Typhimurium infected pigs. Results: Fecal samples from pigs with colitis (n=18) were collected from animals experimentally inoculated with B. hyodysenteriae G44 or from sham-inoculated controls. Fecal samples from pigs with enteritis (n=14) were collected from animals inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or from sham-inoculated controls. For both groups, fecal samples were scored as: 0 = normal; 1 = soft, wet cement; 2 = watery feces; 3 = mucoid diarrhea; and 4 = bloody diarrhea. Fecal calprotectin levels were assayed using a sandwich ELISA, a turbidimetric immunoassay and a point-of-care dipstick test. Fecal calprotectin levels were greater in colitis samples scoring 4 versus ≤ 4 using ELISA, and in feces scoring 3 and 4 versus ≤ 1 using immunoturbidimetry (P < 0.05). No differences were found in calprotectin concentration among fecal scores for enteritis samples, regardless of the assay used. All samples were found below detection limits using the dipstick method.Conclusions: Fecal calprotectin is a potential non-invasive biomarker of infectious colitis, but it is not suitable for detection of enteritis. While practical, the use of commercially available human presents sensitivity limitations. Further studies are needed to validate the field application of calprotectin as a marker.

Abstract 17060: Machine Learning and Video Recognition for Automated Detection of Fluid Status in Heart Failure Patients

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik Doshi ◽  
John Tanaka ◽  
Jedrek Wosik ◽  
Natalia M Gil ◽  
Martin Bertran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
Video Recognition

Introduction: There is a need for innovative solutions to better screen and diagnose the 7 million patients with chronic heart failure. A key component of assessing these patients is monitoring fluid status by evaluating for the presence and height of jugular venous distension (JVD). We hypothesize that video analysis of a patient’s neck using machine learning algorithms and image recognition can identify the amount of JVD. We propose the use of high fidelity video recordings taken using a mobile device camera to determine the presence or absence of JVD, which we will use to develop a point of care testing tool for early detection of acute exacerbation of heart failure. Methods: In this feasibility study, patients in the Duke cardiac catheterization lab undergoing right heart catheterization were enrolled. RGB and infrared videos were captured of the patient’s neck to detect JVD and correlated with right atrial pressure on the heart catheterization. We designed an adaptive filter based on biological priors that enhances spatially consistent frequency anomalies and detects jugular vein distention, with implementation done on Python. Results: We captured and analyzed footage for six patients using our model. Four of these six patients shared a similar strong signal outliner within the frequency band of 95bpm – 200bpm when using a conservative threshold, indicating the presence of JVD. We did not use statistical analysis given the small nature of our cohort, but in those we detected a positive JVD signal the RA mean was 20.25 mmHg and PCWP mean was 24.3 mmHg. Conclusions: We have demonstrated the ability to evaluate for JVD via infrared video and found a relationship with RHC values. Our project is innovative because it uses video recognition and allows for novel patient interactions using a non-invasive screening technique for heart failure. This tool can become a non-invasive standard to both screen for and help manage heart failure patients.

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