scholarly journals THE HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1α PROTEIN STABILIZER INHIBITS TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β-INDUCED EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS BEYOND CELL TYPES AND SPECIES

Respirology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 230-230
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Proteins ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1Α

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor–β in tissue fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules ◽  
Interacting Networks

TGF-β is extensively implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In fibrotic lesions, spatially restricted generation of bioactive TGF-β from latent stores requires the cooperation of proteases, integrins, and specialized extracellular matrix molecules. Although fibroblasts are major targets of TGF-β, some fibrogenic actions may reflect activation of other cell types, including macrophages, epithelial cells, and vascular cells. TGF-β–driven fibrosis is mediated through Smad-dependent or non-Smad pathways and is modulated by coreceptors and by interacting networks. This review discusses the role of TGF-β in fibrosis, highlighting mechanisms of TGF-β activation and signaling, the cellular targets of TGF-β actions, and the challenges of therapeutic translation.

scholarly journals Natural Sulfur-Containing Compounds: An Alternative Therapeutic Strategy against Liver Fibrosis

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milito ◽  
Brancaccio ◽  
D’Argenio ◽  
Castellano
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Proteins ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Sulfur Containing Compounds

Liver fibrosis is a pathophysiologic process involving the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins as collagen deposition. Advanced liver fibrosis can evolve in cirrhosis, portal hypertension and often requires liver transplantation. At the cellular level, hepatic fibrosis involves the activation of hepatic stellate cells and their transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts. Numerous pro-fibrogenic mediators including the transforming growth factor-β1, the platelet-derived growth factor, endothelin-1, toll-like receptor 4, and reactive oxygen species are key players in this process. Knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis development need to be extended to find novel therapeutic strategies. Antifibrotic therapies aim to inhibit the accumulation of fibrogenic cells and/or prevent the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Natural products from terrestrial and marine sources, including sulfur-containing compounds, exhibit promising activities for the treatment of fibrotic pathology. Although many therapeutic interventions are effective in experimental models of liver fibrosis, their efficacy and safety in humans are largely unknown. This review aims to provide a reference collection on experimentally tested natural anti-fibrotic compounds, with particular attention on sulfur-containing molecules. Their chemical structure, sources, mode of action, molecular targets, and pharmacological activity in the treatment of liver disease will be discussed.

Localization of Transforming Growth Factor-β- Expressing Cells and Comparison with Major Extracellular Components in Aural Cholesteatoma

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 669-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Lang ◽  
Volker Schilling ◽  
Brigitte Mack ◽  
Barbara Wollenberg ◽  
Andreas Nerlich
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Continuous Band ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Stimulation Of

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays an important role in the regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by stimulating the synthesis of individual matrix proteins like tenascin and fibronectin. Cholesteatoma shows significant changes in the ECM, supporting the view of adisturbed cell-matrix interaction. The purpose of our present study was to evaluate the distribution of TGF-β in comparison to the deposition of tenascin, fibronectin, and collagen as major components of the ECM in cholesteatoma (n = 12) by means of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. We found TGF-P in lymphocytes and fibrohistiocytes in the stroma of 7 cholesteatomas. In corresponding sections, a marked expression of tenascin and fibronectin was seen manifesting as a continuous band along the epidermal-stromal junction, extending to the deeper stroma. In addition, in those cases of TGF-β expression, beginning collagen fibril formation was seen in adjacent deeper stroma layers, indicating beginning stromal fibrosis. These results suggest that TGF-β may be involved in the stimulation of the synthesis of tenascin, fibronectin, and collagen. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of tenascin and fibronectin provides evidence for a deregulated cell-matrix interaction in cholesteatoma associated with the enhanced proliferative process of cholesteatoma formation.

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