scholarly journals Mouse models of severe asthma: Understanding the mechanisms of steroid resistance, tissue remodelling and disease exacerbation

Respirology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Maltby ◽  
Hock L. Tay ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Paul S. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Disease Exacerbation ◽  
Tissue Remodelling

Mouse models of severe asthma for evaluation of therapeutic cytokine targeting

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina O. Gubernatorova ◽  
Olga A. Namakanova ◽  
Alexei V. Tumanov ◽  
Marina S. Drutskaya ◽  
Sergei A. Nedospasov
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Severe Asthma

scholarly journals Initiation and Pathogenesis of Severe Asthma with Fungal Sensitization

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Tiwary ◽  
Amali E. Samarasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Fungal Allergens ◽  
Immunologic Parameters ◽  
Fungal Sensitization

Fungi represent one of the most diverse and abundant eukaryotes on earth, and their ubiquity and small proteolytically active products make them pervasive allergens that affect humans and other mammals. The immunologic parameters surrounding fungal allergies are still not fully elucidated despite their importance given that a large proportion of severe asthmatics are sensitized to fungal allergens. Herein, we explore fungal allergic asthma with emphasis on mouse models that recapitulate the characteristics of human disease, and the main leukocyte players in the pathogenesis of fungal allergies. The endogenous mycobiome may also contribute to fungal asthma, a phenomenon that we discuss only superficially, as much remains to be discovered.

scholarly journals Problematic, severe asthma in children: a new concept and how to manage it

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Andrew BUSH
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Future Work

Most children with asthma respond to low doses of inhaled corticosteroids, but a few remain symptomatic despite being prescribed the routine usual asthma medications. The first steps are to ensure that the diagnosis is correct and that the inhaled medications are being given regularly with an appropriately used device. If the children continue to be symptomatic, with any or all of chronic symptoms, acute exacerbations, the need for regular oral corticosteroids, or persistent airflow limitation, then they are considered to have problematic, severe asthma. The next step is to perform a detailed evaluation, including a nurse-lead home visit, to determine whether the child has difficult to treat asthma which improves if the basics are got right, or severe, therapy-resistant asthma; the latter group would be candidates for cytokine-specific therapies. If severe, therapy-resistant asthma is the likely issue, then a detailed invasive investigation is performed, including bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage and endobronchial biopsy, and trial of adherence with a single intramuscular injection of depot triamcinolone. After detailed phenotyping, an individualised treatment plan is determined. Future work will determine the roles of proximal and distal inflammation, as well as the relative importance of intramural (mucosal) and intraluminal infection. The stability of paediatric asthma phenotypes over time is more variable than those of adults, and the implications of a change of phenotype are yet to be determined. Keywords: steroid resistance, allergen exposure, passive smoking, omalizumab, prednisolone, steroid-sparing agent, phenotype, nitric oxide, induced sputum, endobronchial biopsy

Benralizumab restored expression of key molecules involved in steroid-resistance in patients with severe asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keita Hirai ◽  
Toshihiro Shirai ◽  
Taisuke Akamatsu ◽  
Sekiko Uehara ◽  
Yuka Rachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Steroid Resistance

scholarly journals Blood tryptase and thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels predict the risk of exacerbation in severe asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Lung Cheng ◽  
Ching-Hsiung Lin ◽  
Sheng-Hao Lin ◽  
Yi-Han Hsiao ◽  
Kang-Cheng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Serum Tryptase ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

Abstract Some patients with severe asthma experience exacerbations despite receiving multiple therapy. The risk of exacerbation and heterogeneous response to treatment may be associated with specific inflammatory molecules that are responsive or resistant to corticosteroids. We aimed to identify the independent factors predictive for the future risk of exacerbation in patients with severe asthma. In this multi-center prospective observational study, 132 patients with severe asthma were enrolled and divided into exacerbation (n = 52) and non-exacerbation (n = 80) groups on the basis of exacerbation rate after a 1-year follow-up period. We found that previous history of severe-to-serious exacerbation, baseline blood eosinophil counts (≥291cells/mL), and serum tryptase (≤1448pg/mL) and thrymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels (≥25pg/mL) independently predicted the future development of exacerbation with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of 3.27, 6.04, 2.53 and 8.67, respectively. Notably, the patients with high blood eosinophil counts and low tryptase levels were likely to have more exacerbations than those with low blood eosinophil counts and high tryptase levels (AOR 16.9). TSLP and tryptase levels may be implicated in steroid resistance and responsiveness in the asthma inflammatory process. High blood eosinophil counts and low serum tryptase levels predict a high probability of future asthma exacerbation.

scholarly journals Blood tryptase and thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels predict the risk of exacerbation in severe asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Kuo Ko ◽  
Shih-Lung Cheng ◽  
Ching-Hsiung Lin ◽  
Sheng-Hao Lin ◽  
Yi-Han Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Serum Tryptase ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

AbstractSome patients with severe asthma experience exacerbations despite receiving multiple therapy. The risk of exacerbation and heterogeneous response to treatment may be associated with specific inflammatory molecules that are responsive or resistant to corticosteroids. We aimed to identify the independent factors predictive for the future risk of exacerbation in patients with severe asthma. In this multi-center prospective observational study, 132 patients with severe asthma were enrolled and divided into exacerbation (n = 52) and non-exacerbation (n = 80) groups on the basis of exacerbation rate after a 1-year follow-up period. We found that previous history of severe-to-serious exacerbation, baseline blood eosinophil counts (≥ 291cells/μL), and serum tryptase (≤ 1448 pg/mL) and thrymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels (≥ 25 pg/mL) independently predicted the future development of exacerbation with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of 3.27, 6.04, 2.53 and 8.67, respectively. Notably, the patients with high blood eosinophil counts and low tryptase levels were likely to have more exacerbations than those with low blood eosinophil counts and high tryptase levels (AOR 16.9). TSLP potentially played the pathogenic role across different asthma phenotypes. TSLP and tryptase levels may be implicated in steroid resistance and responsiveness in the asthma inflammatory process. High blood eosinophil counts and low serum tryptase levels predict a high probability of future asthma exacerbation.

scholarly journals IL-5/eosinophils are involved in acquisition of steroid resistance in severe asthma of mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-P-091
Author(s):  
Kennosuke Hashimoto ◽  
Mari Minakawa ◽  
Hayato Shimora ◽  
Miku Nomura ◽  
Naoki Takemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Steroid Resistance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document